Arthroscopic Versus Open Stabilization for Traumatic Shoulder Instability

NCT ID: NCT00251264

Last Updated: 2015-07-13

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

Get a concise snapshot of the trial, including recruitment status, study phase, enrollment targets, and key timeline milestones.

Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

194 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2001-11-30

Study Completion Date

2013-12-31

Brief Summary

Review the sponsor-provided synopsis that highlights what the study is about and why it is being conducted.

The purpose of this study is to compare arthroscopic and open shoulder stabilization procedures by measuring the disease-specific quality of life outcome in patients with traumatic unidirectional anterior instability of the shoulder at 2 and 5 years.

Hypothesis: There is no difference in disease-specific quality of life outcomes in patients with traumatic unidirectional anterior shoulder instability, undergoing an arthroscopic versus an open stabilization procedure.

Detailed Description

Dive into the extended narrative that explains the scientific background, objectives, and procedures in greater depth.

Shoulder instability most commonly affects people in the late teens to mid thirties, which are the most active years, recreational and vocational. The resulting disability, time lost from work, as well as the effect on an individual's quality of life represent a significant clinical problem for the population and for the healthcare system.

The normal anatomy in the unstable shoulder can be restored using arthroscopic or open surgical stabilization techniques. There is considerable controversy surrounding the issue of arthroscopic versus open shoulder stabilization. Advocates of arthroscopic procedures cite the following as advantages: faster recovery, less post operative pain, decreased operative time, improved cosmetics, greater return of shoulder motion and the more accurate identification of intraarticular pathology. Those in favor of an open procedure cite superior long term results showing fewer recurrences with an open stabilization.

There are few published reports directly comparing arthroscopic versus open shoulder stabilization repairs. It is also difficult to compare the results of existing studies as they report on heterogeneous patient populations, using a variety of techniques on mixed pathologies, using different outcome scales and variable definitions of success and failure. This study will address this controversial issue by comparing the disease-specific quality of life outcomes in patients with traumatic unidirectional anterior shoulder instability undergoing an arthroscopic versus an open stabilization procedure.

This study is designed as a prospective randomized clinical trial with a second prospective analytical cohort study arm. In the randomized arm, patients are assigned to arthroscopic or open surgery based on varied block, computer-generated randomization. The expertise-based randomization method is used in this study, whereby the surgeons perform either arthroscopic or open surgery, but not both. Therefore, a patient is not only randomized to a treatment group, but is also assigned to the expert surgeon for that treatment.

Patients in the prospective analytical cohort study arm of the trial undergo shoulder stabilization (open or arthroscopic) with any surgeon and complete the same follow-up visits, however they have not been randomized. The outcomes of the prospective cohort will be compared to those of the randomized arm to determine if the expertise-based randomization method has an effect on patient outcome.

Disease-specific quality of life is assessed using the validated Western Ontario Shoulder Instability (WOSI) Index. The index has 21 questions divided into 4 categories: physical symptoms, sport/recreation/work, lifestyle and emotions. This self-administered questionnaire utilizes a 100mm visual analog scale format to provide an overall score out of 100. A lower score reflects a better quality of life.

Conditions

See the medical conditions and disease areas that this research is targeting or investigating.

Joint Instability Shoulder Dislocation

Study Design

Understand how the trial is structured, including allocation methods, masking strategies, primary purpose, and other design elements.

Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

Primary Study Purpose

TREATMENT

Blinding Strategy

SINGLE

Outcome Assessors

Study Groups

Review each arm or cohort in the study, along with the interventions and objectives associated with them.

Open

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Open stabilization

Intervention Type PROCEDURE

Following examination under anesthesia, a 5cm standard deltopectoral incision is made. Dissection is continued exploiting the deltopectoral internervous plane. The conjoined tendon is retracted medially. The underlying subscapularis tendon is identified and incised horizontally or split vertically in its midsubstance. If required for adequate exposure, the subscapularis split may be extended by incising the inferior component of the subscapularis tendon near its insertion on the lesser tuberosity. The shoulder is entered by performing a "T" shaped arthrotomy with retractors for full exposure of the glenoid. Shoulder pathology is addressed with suture anchor repair of any capsulolabral detachment (ie.Bankart lesion) and/ or a capsular plication for repair of capsular redundancy.

Arthroscopic

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Arthroscopic stabilization

Intervention Type PROCEDURE

With the examination under anesthesia completed, the arthroscope is introduced through a standard posterior arthroscopy portal. A diagnostic arthroscopy is performed and the intraarticular pathology identified and documented. Any labral detachment (i.e. Bankart lesion) is repaired using suture anchor fixation and arthroscopic tying techniques. Capsular redundancy is addressed with the use of thermal electrocapsulorrhaphy or arthroscopic suture repair of the redundant capsule. With the repair complete, 40 cc of 0.5% Bupivicaine is introduced into the joint. A sterile dressing is applied over the wounds and the operated shoulder placed in a shoulder immobilizer.

Interventions

Learn about the drugs, procedures, or behavioral strategies being tested and how they are applied within this trial.

Open stabilization

Following examination under anesthesia, a 5cm standard deltopectoral incision is made. Dissection is continued exploiting the deltopectoral internervous plane. The conjoined tendon is retracted medially. The underlying subscapularis tendon is identified and incised horizontally or split vertically in its midsubstance. If required for adequate exposure, the subscapularis split may be extended by incising the inferior component of the subscapularis tendon near its insertion on the lesser tuberosity. The shoulder is entered by performing a "T" shaped arthrotomy with retractors for full exposure of the glenoid. Shoulder pathology is addressed with suture anchor repair of any capsulolabral detachment (ie.Bankart lesion) and/ or a capsular plication for repair of capsular redundancy.

Intervention Type PROCEDURE

Arthroscopic stabilization

With the examination under anesthesia completed, the arthroscope is introduced through a standard posterior arthroscopy portal. A diagnostic arthroscopy is performed and the intraarticular pathology identified and documented. Any labral detachment (i.e. Bankart lesion) is repaired using suture anchor fixation and arthroscopic tying techniques. Capsular redundancy is addressed with the use of thermal electrocapsulorrhaphy or arthroscopic suture repair of the redundant capsule. With the repair complete, 40 cc of 0.5% Bupivicaine is introduced into the joint. A sterile dressing is applied over the wounds and the operated shoulder placed in a shoulder immobilizer.

Intervention Type PROCEDURE

Other Intervention Names

Discover alternative or legacy names that may be used to describe the listed interventions across different sources.

open shoulder stabilization open Bankart reconstruction Scope stabilization Arthroscopic reconstruction

Eligibility Criteria

Check the participation requirements, including inclusion and exclusion rules, age limits, and whether healthy volunteers are accepted.

Inclusion Criteria

* Clinical:

* Age 14 years or greater
* Diagnosis of traumatic anterior shoulder instability, made by meeting all of the following:

1. Radiographic evidence or documented physician assisted reduction of anterior shoulder dislocation following a traumatic injury.
2. Ability to elicit unwanted glenohumeral translation which reproduce symptoms with one of the following tests: anterior apprehension, relocation test, or anterior load and shift test
* Radiological:

* Closed growth plate on a standardized series of x-rays consisting of a minimum of an anteroposterior view, lateral in the scapular plane and an axillary view.

Exclusion Criteria

* Clinical:

* Diagnosis of multidirectional instability (MDI) or multidirectional laxity with anteroinferior instability (MDL-AII), made by two or more of:

1. Symptomatic (pain or discomfort) in inferior or posterior direction
2. Ability to elicit unwanted posterior glenohumeral translation that reproduces symptoms with posterior apprehension tests, or posterior load and shift test
3. Positive sulcus sign of 1cm or greater that reproduces patient's clinical symptoms
* Previous surgery on the affected shoulder other than diagnostic arthroscopy
* Cases involving litigation
* Significant tenderness of acromioclavicular/sternoclavicular joints on affected side
* Confirmed connective tissue disorder (ie: Ehlers-Danlos, Marfan)
Minimum Eligible Age

14 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sponsors

Meet the organizations funding or collaborating on the study and learn about their roles.

Calgary Regional Health Authority (CRHA)

OTHER_GOV

Sponsor Role collaborator

Calgary Orthopaedic Research and Education Fund

OTHER

Sponsor Role collaborator

Canadian Orthopaedic Foundation

OTHER

Sponsor Role collaborator

University of Calgary

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

Identify the individual or organization who holds primary responsibility for the study information submitted to regulators.

Dr. Nicholas Mohtadi

Clinical Professor and Orthopaedic Surgeon

Responsibility Role PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

Learn about the lead researchers overseeing the trial and their institutional affiliations.

Nicholas Mohtadi, MD, FRCSC

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

University of Calgary Sport Medicine Centre

Robert Hollinshead, MD, FRCSC

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

University of Calgary Sport Medicine Centre

Locations

Explore where the study is taking place and check the recruitment status at each participating site.

University of Calgary Sport Medicine Centre

Calgary, Alberta, Canada

Site Status

Countries

Review the countries where the study has at least one active or historical site.

Canada

References

Explore related publications, articles, or registry entries linked to this study.

Kirkley A, Griffin S, Richards C, Miniaci A, Mohtadi N. Prospective randomized clinical trial comparing the effectiveness of immediate arthroscopic stabilization versus immobilization and rehabilitation in first traumatic anterior dislocations of the shoulder. Arthroscopy. 1999 Jul-Aug;15(5):507-14. doi: 10.1053/ar.1999.v15.015050.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 10424554 (View on PubMed)

McLAUGHLIN HL, CAVALLARO WU. Primary anterior dislocation of the shoulder. Am J Surg. 1950 Nov 15;80(6):615-21; passim. doi: 10.1016/0002-9610(50)90581-2. No abstract available.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 14790098 (View on PubMed)

Rowe CR, Patel D, Southmayd WW. The Bankart procedure: a long-term end-result study. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1978 Jan;60(1):1-16.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 624747 (View on PubMed)

Arciero RA, Wheeler JH, Ryan JB, McBride JT. Arthroscopic Bankart repair versus nonoperative treatment for acute, initial anterior shoulder dislocations. Am J Sports Med. 1994 Sep-Oct;22(5):589-94. doi: 10.1177/036354659402200504.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 7810780 (View on PubMed)

Green MR, Christensen KP. Magnetic resonance imaging of the glenoid labrum in anterior shoulder instability. Am J Sports Med. 1994 Jul-Aug;22(4):493-8. doi: 10.1177/036354659402200410.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 7943514 (View on PubMed)

Kirkley A, Griffin S, McLintock H, Ng L. The development and evaluation of a disease-specific quality of life measurement tool for shoulder instability. The Western Ontario Shoulder Instability Index (WOSI). Am J Sports Med. 1998 Nov-Dec;26(6):764-72. doi: 10.1177/03635465980260060501.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 9850776 (View on PubMed)

Hawkins RB. Arthroscopic stapling repair for shoulder instability: a retrospective study of 50 cases. Arthroscopy. 1989;5(2):122-8. doi: 10.1016/0749-8063(89)90007-8.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 2736008 (View on PubMed)

Morgan CD, Bodenstab AB. Arthroscopic Bankart suture repair: technique and early results. Arthroscopy. 1987;3(2):111-22. doi: 10.1016/s0749-8063(87)80027-0.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 3300681 (View on PubMed)

Baker CL, Uribe JW, Whitman C. Arthroscopic evaluation of acute initial anterior shoulder dislocations. Am J Sports Med. 1990 Jan-Feb;18(1):25-8. doi: 10.1177/036354659001800104.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 2301687 (View on PubMed)

Cash JD. Recent advances and perspectives on arthroscopic stabilization of the shoulder. Clin Sports Med. 1991 Oct;10(4):871-86.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 1934102 (View on PubMed)

Mohtadi NG, Chan DS, Hollinshead RM, Boorman RS, Hiemstra LA, Lo IK, Hannaford HN, Fredine J, Sasyniuk TM, Paolucci EO. A randomized clinical trial comparing open and arthroscopic stabilization for recurrent traumatic anterior shoulder instability: two-year follow-up with disease-specific quality-of-life outcomes. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2014 Mar 5;96(5):353-60. doi: 10.2106/JBJS.L.01656.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 24599195 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

Review additional registry numbers or institutional identifiers associated with this trial.

15740

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

More Related Trials

Additional clinical trials that may be relevant based on similarity analysis.

Results of Rotator Cuff Repair
NCT01549912 COMPLETED
Approach to Shoulder Instability
NCT02060227 COMPLETED NA