A Biomarker-chip Assay in Preserved Red Blood Cells for the Diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease
NCT ID: NCT07307872
Last Updated: 2025-12-29
Study Results
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Basic Information
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COMPLETED
150 participants
OBSERVATIONAL
2017-03-23
2018-12-01
Brief Summary
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This proof-of-performance study will include 150 well-characterized participants divided equally into three groups: 50 patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), 50 with non-Alzheimer neurodegenerative diseases (NAD, including Parkinson's disease and frontotemporal dementia), and 50 healthy controls (HC).
The primary objective is to assess the diagnostic performance (sensitivity and specificity) of two main blood-based biomarkers-amyloid-β (Aβ) and protein kinase C (PKC)-measured using Amoneta's proprietary fluorescent assays and chip-cytometry technology. The secondary objective is to evaluate emerging biomarkers (proteins, RNA signatures, metabolomic and lipidomic profiles) for Alzheimer's disease detection.
No therapeutic intervention will be administered; only biological samples (blood and urine) will be collected. Results will be compared with existing clinical, imaging, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers. The study aims to provide a reliable, non-invasive, and affordable blood test for early Alzheimer's diagnosis, with potential applications for patient stratification and therapeutic monitoring in future clinical trials.
Detailed Description
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The ADCHIP study (ST0067) aims to develop and validate a chip-based microfluidic assay that stabilizes human red blood cells for extended periods (weeks to months) to enable subsequent detection of blood biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease. The study is conducted under the Eurostars program (Grant E!9748 ADCHIP) and sponsored by Amoneta Diagnostics, in collaboration with Zellkraftwerk GmbH and the Leenaards Memory Center (CLM) at Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV).
This monocentric, non-interventional, prospective study will enroll 150 participants divided equally into three groups:
50 patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD),
50 patients with non-Alzheimer neurodegenerative disorders (NAD: frontotemporal dementia or Parkinson's disease), and
50 healthy controls (HC).
The primary objective is to evaluate the diagnostic performance of two proprietary Amoneta blood biomarkers-amyloid-β (Aβ) and protein kinase C (PKC)-detected in red blood cells using specific fluorescent probes and chip-cytometry technology. The secondary objective is to assess the diagnostic accuracy of emerging biomarkers, including candidate proteins, RNA signatures, and metabolomic/lipidomic profiles.
Participants will undergo a single study visit during which biological samples (blood and urine) will be collected. Pre-selection and diagnostic data (neuropsychological tests, imaging, and CSF biomarkers) will be obtained retrospectively when available. No investigational drug or medical device will be administered, and no follow-up visits are planned. The total duration of subject enrollment is approximately 22 months.
Analytical methods include flow cytometry and chip-cytometry for cellular biomarkers, ELISA for protein biomarkers, mass spectrometry for metabolomic/lipidomic signatures, and qPCR or NGS-based assays for RNA biomarkers. All samples will be collected and stored under standardized conditions for further analysis.
The primary outcome measure is the binary diagnostic classification (Yes/No for Alzheimer's disease) derived from the combined sensitivity and specificity of the blood biomarkers. Results will be compared with standard clinical diagnostic tools, including cognitive scores (e.g., MoCA, RLRI-16), structural MRI, and CSF biomarker results (Aβ42, total tau, phosphorylated tau).
Potential risks for participants are minimal and limited to standard blood and urine collection procedures (e.g., minor pain, bruising, or transient discomfort). MRI procedures are non-invasive and will only be performed if indicated by clinical necessity. All participants (or legal representatives when applicable) will provide written informed consent prior to inclusion. The study complies with the Declaration of Helsinki, ICH-GCP, and national ethical and regulatory requirements.
The ADCHIP study is expected to generate important new knowledge by validating a novel, rapid, and affordable blood-based diagnostic test for Alzheimer's disease. Such a test could substantially reduce diagnostic costs, enable population screening using stabilized blood samples, and improve patient stratification for therapeutic trials. Furthermore, the validated biomarkers, particularly Aβ and PKC, may serve as valuable tools for monitoring disease progression and assessing the efficacy of future AD therapeutics.
Conditions
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Keywords
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Study Design
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COHORT
PROSPECTIVE
Study Groups
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Group 1 - Alzheimer's Disease (AD)
Participants meeting clinical and biomarker criteria for Alzheimer's disease, with compatible neuroimaging and/or CSF biomarker profiles.
No interventions assigned to this group
Group 2 - Non-Alzheimer Neurodegenerative Diseases (NAD)
Participants with frontotemporal dementia (FTD) or Parkinson's disease (PD), negative for AD CSF biomarkers.
No interventions assigned to this group
Group 3 - Healthy Controls (HC)
Cognitively normal individuals, with normal neuropsychological testing and neuroimaging, and negative (if available) CSF biomarkers.
No interventions assigned to this group
Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria
* Male or female participants aged 50 to 85 years.
* Signed and dated written informed consent (or consent from a legally authorized representative when applicable).
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) Group:
* Clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease with a gradual and progressive decline in memory over at least 6 months.
* Objective evidence of an amnestic syndrome of the hippocampal type (based on RLRI-16, MoCA, or equivalent tests).
* Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score between 15 and 23 (inclusive).
* Structural MRI compatible with a typical AD diagnosis (3D volumetric MRI required; amyloid PET if available).
* Retrospective CSF biomarker results showing at least 2 of 3 markers positive (Aβ1-42, total Tau, phosphorylated Tau).
* Patients with familial AD forms (mutations in APP, PSEN1, or PSEN2) may also be included.
Non-Alzheimer Neurodegenerative Disease (NAD) Group:
* 25 patients with frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and 25 patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) responsive to L-DOPA.
* Retrospective CSF biomarker results showing negative or non-AD profiles (≥2 of 3 markers negative).
* Neuroimaging compatible with respective diagnoses:
FTD: medial temporal atrophy and frontal atrophy score ≥2; MoCA 15-23. PD: evidence of dopaminergic neuron loss in substantia nigra; MoCA \>23.
Healthy Control (HC) Group:
* Normal cognitive status (MoCA \>23 and normal performance on RLRI-16 or equivalent neuropsychological tests).
* Normal structural MRI (and normal PET scan, if available).
* Negative CSF biomarkers (if available).
Exclusion Criteria
* Neutropenia (neutrophils \<1,500/mm³) or thrombocytopenia (platelets \<100,000/mm³).
* Education level below primary school.
* History of psychiatric disorders (schizophrenia, psychosis).
* Vascular dementia or mixed dementia.
* Active infectious or chronic inflammatory diseases affecting blood cell function.
* Active cancer or cancer under treatment, or treatment stopped within the last 3 months.
* Use of medications interfering with cognitive function or biomarkers of interest.
* Major sensory deficits (visual or auditory) affecting cognitive testing.
* Epilepsy.
* Known contraindication to MRI (e.g., stent or metallic implant).
Group-specific exclusions:
* AD group: Exclude vascular dementia, Lewy body dementia, mixed dementia, or any non-AD neurodegenerative disease.
* NAD group: Exclude Alzheimer's disease, vascular, or mixed dementia.
* HC group: Exclude any neurodegenerative disease, cognitive disorder, or abnormal cognitive testing.
50 Years
85 Years
ALL
Yes
Sponsors
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Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois
OTHER
Leenaards Fondation, Switzerland
UNKNOWN
Amoneta Diagnostics SAS
INDUSTRY
Responsible Party
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Principal Investigators
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Jean-François Démonet, MD, PhD
Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
Leenaards Memory Center (CLM), Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV)
Locations
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Leenaards Memory Center - CHUV
Lausanne, , Switzerland
Countries
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Other Identifiers
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2017-00585
Identifier Type: OTHER
Identifier Source: secondary_id
ST0067
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id