Effects of Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder on Exercise Capacity, Pulmonary Function, and Quality of Life
NCT ID: NCT07306468
Last Updated: 2025-12-29
Study Results
The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.
Basic Information
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RECRUITING
150 participants
OBSERVATIONAL
2025-11-01
2026-12-01
Brief Summary
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Detailed Description
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Schizophrenia and bipolar disorder are serious and chronic psychiatric conditions affecting millions of individuals globally. The prevalence of schizophrenia is approximately 1%, while bipolar disorder has a lifetime prevalence of 2-3%. These disorders not only involve neuropsychiatric symptoms but also significantly impact physical health. In individuals with these conditions, sedentary lifestyle habits, metabolic side effects of antipsychotic and mood-stabilizing medications, and increased comorbidity risks are associated with notable reductions in exercise capacity.
Moreover, physical inactivity and heightened inflammatory processes may adversely affect respiratory muscle strength and pulmonary function. Studies have shown that patients with schizophrenia exhibit significantly lower maximal oxygen consumption (VO₂max) and anaerobic threshold levels compared to healthy individuals. In bipolar disorder, depressive episodes are marked by reduced exercise capacity, while manic episodes often involve irregular and risky physical activities.
Additionally, both disorders are associated with significantly lower pulmonary function parameters (FVC, FEV₁) compared to the healthy population. Respiratory muscle strength, a relatively underexplored area, is gaining importance. In schizophrenia cases dominated by negative symptoms, reduced inspiratory muscle strength combined with insufficient physical activity can severely limit patients' quality of life and independence. Similarly, in bipolar disorder, impairments in pulmonary capacity and respiratory muscle strength negatively affect quality of life.
Quality of life in these individuals is closely linked not only to mental health but also to physical capacity and pulmonary function. Enhancing respiratory muscle strength and aerobic capacity may positively influence overall quality of life, social participation, and functional status. However, the existing literature remains limited and fragmented. There is a noticeable lack of studies that simultaneously evaluate exercise capacity, pulmonary function, and respiratory muscle strength in individuals with psychiatric disorders.
This study aims to contribute to the literature from a multidisciplinary perspective by jointly examining exercise capacity, pulmonary function, respiratory muscle strength, and quality of life in individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. These individuals often exhibit unhealthy lifestyle habits and a tendency toward sedentary behavior, which are considered risk factors that may adversely affect physical fitness. Components of physical fitness include cardiorespiratory endurance and muscular endurance. In light of this information, a review of the literature reveals that data on pulmonary function, respiratory muscle strength, and endurance in individuals with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder are still limited. The findings obtained from this study may guide the development of more effective rehabilitation and physical health support programs for these populations.
Conditions
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Keywords
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Study Design
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COHORT
PROSPECTIVE
Study Groups
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Schizophrenia
Patients diagnosed with schizophrenia
Pulmonary Function Test
Participants' respiratory functions will assess with pulmonary function test according to ATS/ERS criteria
Respiratory Muscle Strength Evaluation
Participants' respiratory muscle strenght will assess with maximal inspiratory pressure and maximal expiratory pressure assessment according to ATS/ERS criteria
Quality of Life Assessment
Participants' quality of life will assess with WHOQOL-Bref questionnaire
Exercise Capacity Assessment
Participants' exercise capacity will assess with 6 Minute Walk Test according to ATS/ERS criteria
Bipolar Disorder
Patients diagnosed with bipolar disorder
Pulmonary Function Test
Participants' respiratory functions will assess with pulmonary function test according to ATS/ERS criteria
Respiratory Muscle Strength Evaluation
Participants' respiratory muscle strenght will assess with maximal inspiratory pressure and maximal expiratory pressure assessment according to ATS/ERS criteria
Quality of Life Assessment
Participants' quality of life will assess with WHOQOL-Bref questionnaire
Exercise Capacity Assessment
Participants' exercise capacity will assess with 6 Minute Walk Test according to ATS/ERS criteria
Healthy Control
Participants who have any diagnosed diseases/disorders
Pulmonary Function Test
Participants' respiratory functions will assess with pulmonary function test according to ATS/ERS criteria
Respiratory Muscle Strength Evaluation
Participants' respiratory muscle strenght will assess with maximal inspiratory pressure and maximal expiratory pressure assessment according to ATS/ERS criteria
Quality of Life Assessment
Participants' quality of life will assess with WHOQOL-Bref questionnaire
Exercise Capacity Assessment
Participants' exercise capacity will assess with 6 Minute Walk Test according to ATS/ERS criteria
Interventions
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Pulmonary Function Test
Participants' respiratory functions will assess with pulmonary function test according to ATS/ERS criteria
Respiratory Muscle Strength Evaluation
Participants' respiratory muscle strenght will assess with maximal inspiratory pressure and maximal expiratory pressure assessment according to ATS/ERS criteria
Quality of Life Assessment
Participants' quality of life will assess with WHOQOL-Bref questionnaire
Exercise Capacity Assessment
Participants' exercise capacity will assess with 6 Minute Walk Test according to ATS/ERS criteria
Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria
* Being 18 to 65 age
Exclusion Criteria
* Having any neuropsychiatric disease except schizophrenia or bipolar disorder
18 Years
65 Years
ALL
Yes
Sponsors
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Çankırı Karatekin University
OTHER
Responsible Party
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Furkan Özdemir
Lecturer
Locations
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Çankırı Karatekin University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation
Çankırı, Çankırı, Turkey (Türkiye)
Countries
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Central Contacts
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Facility Contacts
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Furkan Özdemir
Role: primary
Other Identifiers
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2025-06-26
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id