Effects of Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder on Exercise Capacity, Pulmonary Function, and Quality of Life

NCT ID: NCT07306468

Last Updated: 2025-12-29

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

Get a concise snapshot of the trial, including recruitment status, study phase, enrollment targets, and key timeline milestones.

Recruitment Status

RECRUITING

Total Enrollment

150 participants

Study Classification

OBSERVATIONAL

Study Start Date

2025-11-01

Study Completion Date

2026-12-01

Brief Summary

Review the sponsor-provided synopsis that highlights what the study is about and why it is being conducted.

This observational study aims to evaluate exercise capacity, pulmonary function, respiratory muscle strength, and quality of life in individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. These psychiatric conditions are associated with sedentary lifestyles, metabolic side effects of psychotropic medications, and increased comorbidity risks, all of which may negatively impact physical fitness and respiratory health. By assessing cardiorespiratory endurance, pulmonary parameters (FVC, FEV₁), and respiratory muscle strength in this population, the study seeks to identify physiological limitations and contribute to the development of more effective rehabilitation strategies. The findings may support multidisciplinary approaches to improving physical health and overall quality of life in individuals with severe mental illness.

Detailed Description

Dive into the extended narrative that explains the scientific background, objectives, and procedures in greater depth.

Schizophrenia is a mental disorder observed in approximately 4 out of every 1,000 individuals in the general population, with a morbidity rate of 0.72%. According to the Global Burden of Disease Study (2010), around 20,000 deaths occur annually due to schizophrenia-related causes. Bipolar disorder is recognized as a chronic and severe mental illness. Based on data from the World Health Organization's global burden of disease reports, bipolar disorder ranks among the top 20 diseases contributing to disability worldwide and holds the 6th position among mental disorders.

Schizophrenia and bipolar disorder are serious and chronic psychiatric conditions affecting millions of individuals globally. The prevalence of schizophrenia is approximately 1%, while bipolar disorder has a lifetime prevalence of 2-3%. These disorders not only involve neuropsychiatric symptoms but also significantly impact physical health. In individuals with these conditions, sedentary lifestyle habits, metabolic side effects of antipsychotic and mood-stabilizing medications, and increased comorbidity risks are associated with notable reductions in exercise capacity.

Moreover, physical inactivity and heightened inflammatory processes may adversely affect respiratory muscle strength and pulmonary function. Studies have shown that patients with schizophrenia exhibit significantly lower maximal oxygen consumption (VO₂max) and anaerobic threshold levels compared to healthy individuals. In bipolar disorder, depressive episodes are marked by reduced exercise capacity, while manic episodes often involve irregular and risky physical activities.

Additionally, both disorders are associated with significantly lower pulmonary function parameters (FVC, FEV₁) compared to the healthy population. Respiratory muscle strength, a relatively underexplored area, is gaining importance. In schizophrenia cases dominated by negative symptoms, reduced inspiratory muscle strength combined with insufficient physical activity can severely limit patients' quality of life and independence. Similarly, in bipolar disorder, impairments in pulmonary capacity and respiratory muscle strength negatively affect quality of life.

Quality of life in these individuals is closely linked not only to mental health but also to physical capacity and pulmonary function. Enhancing respiratory muscle strength and aerobic capacity may positively influence overall quality of life, social participation, and functional status. However, the existing literature remains limited and fragmented. There is a noticeable lack of studies that simultaneously evaluate exercise capacity, pulmonary function, and respiratory muscle strength in individuals with psychiatric disorders.

This study aims to contribute to the literature from a multidisciplinary perspective by jointly examining exercise capacity, pulmonary function, respiratory muscle strength, and quality of life in individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. These individuals often exhibit unhealthy lifestyle habits and a tendency toward sedentary behavior, which are considered risk factors that may adversely affect physical fitness. Components of physical fitness include cardiorespiratory endurance and muscular endurance. In light of this information, a review of the literature reveals that data on pulmonary function, respiratory muscle strength, and endurance in individuals with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder are still limited. The findings obtained from this study may guide the development of more effective rehabilitation and physical health support programs for these populations.

Conditions

See the medical conditions and disease areas that this research is targeting or investigating.

Schizophenia Disorder Bipolar Disorder (BD)

Keywords

Explore important study keywords that can help with search, categorization, and topic discovery.

schizophrenia bipolar disorder respiratory functions quality of life exercise capacity

Study Design

Understand how the trial is structured, including allocation methods, masking strategies, primary purpose, and other design elements.

Observational Model Type

COHORT

Study Time Perspective

PROSPECTIVE

Study Groups

Review each arm or cohort in the study, along with the interventions and objectives associated with them.

Schizophrenia

Patients diagnosed with schizophrenia

Pulmonary Function Test

Intervention Type OTHER

Participants' respiratory functions will assess with pulmonary function test according to ATS/ERS criteria

Respiratory Muscle Strength Evaluation

Intervention Type OTHER

Participants' respiratory muscle strenght will assess with maximal inspiratory pressure and maximal expiratory pressure assessment according to ATS/ERS criteria

Quality of Life Assessment

Intervention Type OTHER

Participants' quality of life will assess with WHOQOL-Bref questionnaire

Exercise Capacity Assessment

Intervention Type OTHER

Participants' exercise capacity will assess with 6 Minute Walk Test according to ATS/ERS criteria

Bipolar Disorder

Patients diagnosed with bipolar disorder

Pulmonary Function Test

Intervention Type OTHER

Participants' respiratory functions will assess with pulmonary function test according to ATS/ERS criteria

Respiratory Muscle Strength Evaluation

Intervention Type OTHER

Participants' respiratory muscle strenght will assess with maximal inspiratory pressure and maximal expiratory pressure assessment according to ATS/ERS criteria

Quality of Life Assessment

Intervention Type OTHER

Participants' quality of life will assess with WHOQOL-Bref questionnaire

Exercise Capacity Assessment

Intervention Type OTHER

Participants' exercise capacity will assess with 6 Minute Walk Test according to ATS/ERS criteria

Healthy Control

Participants who have any diagnosed diseases/disorders

Pulmonary Function Test

Intervention Type OTHER

Participants' respiratory functions will assess with pulmonary function test according to ATS/ERS criteria

Respiratory Muscle Strength Evaluation

Intervention Type OTHER

Participants' respiratory muscle strenght will assess with maximal inspiratory pressure and maximal expiratory pressure assessment according to ATS/ERS criteria

Quality of Life Assessment

Intervention Type OTHER

Participants' quality of life will assess with WHOQOL-Bref questionnaire

Exercise Capacity Assessment

Intervention Type OTHER

Participants' exercise capacity will assess with 6 Minute Walk Test according to ATS/ERS criteria

Interventions

Learn about the drugs, procedures, or behavioral strategies being tested and how they are applied within this trial.

Pulmonary Function Test

Participants' respiratory functions will assess with pulmonary function test according to ATS/ERS criteria

Intervention Type OTHER

Respiratory Muscle Strength Evaluation

Participants' respiratory muscle strenght will assess with maximal inspiratory pressure and maximal expiratory pressure assessment according to ATS/ERS criteria

Intervention Type OTHER

Quality of Life Assessment

Participants' quality of life will assess with WHOQOL-Bref questionnaire

Intervention Type OTHER

Exercise Capacity Assessment

Participants' exercise capacity will assess with 6 Minute Walk Test according to ATS/ERS criteria

Intervention Type OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

Check the participation requirements, including inclusion and exclusion rules, age limits, and whether healthy volunteers are accepted.

Inclusion Criteria

* Being volunteer for participation
* Being 18 to 65 age

Exclusion Criteria

* Having any respiratory, cardiac, neurologic or orthopedic disease which may affect respiratory functions or exercise capacity
* Having any neuropsychiatric disease except schizophrenia or bipolar disorder
Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

65 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Sponsors

Meet the organizations funding or collaborating on the study and learn about their roles.

Çankırı Karatekin University

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

Identify the individual or organization who holds primary responsibility for the study information submitted to regulators.

Furkan Özdemir

Lecturer

Responsibility Role PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Locations

Explore where the study is taking place and check the recruitment status at each participating site.

Çankırı Karatekin University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation

Çankırı, Çankırı, Turkey (Türkiye)

Site Status RECRUITING

Countries

Review the countries where the study has at least one active or historical site.

Turkey (Türkiye)

Central Contacts

Reach out to these primary contacts for questions about participation or study logistics.

Furkan Özdemir, PT, Ph.D.

Role: CONTACT

Phone: +905383264855

Email: [email protected]

Facility Contacts

Find local site contact details for specific facilities participating in the trial.

Furkan Özdemir

Role: primary

Other Identifiers

Review additional registry numbers or institutional identifiers associated with this trial.

2025-06-26

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id