Effects of Different Sedation Techniques on Early Cognitive Recovery After Ambulatory Gynecologic Surgery

NCT ID: NCT07267377

Last Updated: 2025-12-16

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

120 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2024-12-15

Study Completion Date

2025-09-15

Brief Summary

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This prospective, randomized, double-blind clinical trial aims to compare the effects of three commonly used sedoanalgesia regimens on early cognitive recovery in patients undergoing ambulatory gynecologic surgery (dilatation and curettage).

The main objective of the study is to determine whether the use of propofol-fentanyl, ketamine-fentanyl, or their combination (ketofol-fentanyl) influences the recovery of cognitive functions during the early postoperative period.

The primary outcome is the change in the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score between baseline and recovery.

Secondary outcomes include awakening time, Aldrete recovery score (ARS), pain intensity using the visual analog scale (VAS) at 10 and 30 minutes, hemodynamic parameters, and adverse events.

Participants will be randomly assigned to one of three groups:

Group P: Propofol-fentanyl

Group K: Ketamine-fentanyl

Group KP: Propofol + ketamine + fentanyl

All patients will receive sedation to achieve a Ramsay Sedation Scale score of 3-4. Cognitive function will be assessed preoperatively and after recovery in the post-anesthesia care unit.

The study seeks to determine whether the combined use of ketamine and propofol provides any advantage in cognitive recovery or hemodynamic stability compared to single-agent sedation.

Detailed Description

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Early postoperative cognitive recovery is an important indicator of patient safety and discharge readiness in ambulatory anesthesia. Various sedative-analgesic combinations are used for gynecologic day-case procedures; however, their effects on early cognitive recovery remain unclear.

This prospective, randomized, double-blind clinical trial was conducted to compare the effects of three commonly used sedoanalgesia regimens - propofol-fentanyl, ketamine-fentanyl, and their combination (ketofol-fentanyl) - on postoperative cognitive function recovery after dilation and curettage (D\&C).

A total of 108 ASA physical status I-III patients aged 18-60 years were included and randomly allocated into three groups (n=36 each). Sedation was titrated to maintain a Ramsay Sedation Scale (RSS) score of 3-4. Cognitive function was assessed preoperatively and postoperatively using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE).

The primary outcome was the change in MMSE score between baseline and recovery. Secondary outcomes included awakening time, Aldrete recovery score (ADS), visual analog scale (VAS) pain score at 10 and 30 minutes, hemodynamic stability, and adverse events.

The study aimed to identify the sedative regimen that optimizes cognitive recovery and minimizes side effects in ambulatory gynecologic anesthesia, contributing to safer and faster discharge decisions.

Conditions

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Cognitive Recovery Sedation Ambulatory Gynecologic Surgery Postoperative Recovery

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

This study uses a parallel assignment model with three groups of participants. Each group receives a different sedoanalgesic regimen: propofol-fentanyl, ketamine-fentanyl, or propofol + ketamine + fentanyl (ketofol).

Outcomes related to early cognitive recovery and hemodynamic stability are compared among the groups.
Primary Study Purpose

SUPPORTIVE_CARE

Blinding Strategy

DOUBLE

Participants Investigators
Both the participants and the investigators administering sedation were blinded to the group assignments.

Sedative solutions were prepared in identical syringes by an independent anesthesiologist not involved in data collection or analysis.

The assessing investigator was unaware of the sedative regimen used for each patient.

Study Groups

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Propofol-Fentanyl Group

Induction propofol 0.5 mg/kg + fentanyl 1 µg/kg; maintenance propofol 0.25 mg/kg as intermittent boluses to maintain RSS=3

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Propofol-Fentanyl

Intervention Type DRUG

Intravenous administration of propofol 0.5 mg/kg + fentanyl 1 µg/kg for sedation during ambulatory dilation and curettage (D\&C).

This regimen represents the standard sedoanalgesia practice for gynecologic day-case procedures and serves as one of the comparison arms in the study.

Ketamine-Fentanyl Group

Induction ketamine 0.5 mg/kg + fentanyl 1 µg/kg; maintenance ketamine 0.25 mg/kg as intermittent boluses

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Ketamine-Fentanyl

Intervention Type DRUG

Intravenous administration of ketamine 0.5 mg/kg + fentanyl 1 µg/kg for sedation during ambulatory dilation and curettage (D\&C).

This arm evaluates the effects of ketamine-based sedoanalgesia on cognitive and hemodynamic recovery compared with other regimens.

Propofol + Ketamine + Fentanyl Group (Ketofol)

Induction ketofol 0.75 mg/kg (1:1 mixture of propofol 10 mg/mL and ketamine 50 mg/mL, freshly prepared in a single syringe) + fentanyl 1 µg/kg; maintenance ketofol 0.25 mg/kg as intermittent boluses

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Propofol + Ketamine + Fentanyl (Ketofol)

Intervention Type DRUG

Intravenous co-administration of propofol 0.5 mg/kg, ketamine (0.5 mg/kg), and fentanyl (1 µg/kg) for sedation during ambulatory dilation and curettage (D\&C).

This combination (known as "Ketofol") aims to balance the sedative and hemodynamic effects of propofol and ketamine, and is compared with single-agent sedoanalgesia regimens.

Interventions

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Propofol-Fentanyl

Intravenous administration of propofol 0.5 mg/kg + fentanyl 1 µg/kg for sedation during ambulatory dilation and curettage (D\&C).

This regimen represents the standard sedoanalgesia practice for gynecologic day-case procedures and serves as one of the comparison arms in the study.

Intervention Type DRUG

Ketamine-Fentanyl

Intravenous administration of ketamine 0.5 mg/kg + fentanyl 1 µg/kg for sedation during ambulatory dilation and curettage (D\&C).

This arm evaluates the effects of ketamine-based sedoanalgesia on cognitive and hemodynamic recovery compared with other regimens.

Intervention Type DRUG

Propofol + Ketamine + Fentanyl (Ketofol)

Intravenous co-administration of propofol 0.5 mg/kg, ketamine (0.5 mg/kg), and fentanyl (1 µg/kg) for sedation during ambulatory dilation and curettage (D\&C).

This combination (known as "Ketofol") aims to balance the sedative and hemodynamic effects of propofol and ketamine, and is compared with single-agent sedoanalgesia regimens.

Intervention Type DRUG

Other Intervention Names

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Propofol (Diprivan) Fentanyl (Fentanyl Citrate) Ketamine (Ketalar) Fentanyl (Fentanyl Citrate) Propofol (Diprivan) Ketamine (Ketalar) Fentanyl (Fentanyl Citrate)

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* Female patients aged 18-60 years
* ASA physical status I-III
* Scheduled for ambulatory dilation and curettage (D\&C) under sedoanalgesia
* No neurological or psychiatric disorders

Exclusion Criteria

* History of neurological, psychiatric, or cognitive disorders
* Inability to complete or comprehend cognitive assessment tests (MMSE)
* Known drug or alcohol abuse
* Pregnancy
* Severe hepatic or renal dysfunction
Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

60 Years

Eligible Sex

FEMALE

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sponsors

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Sait Fatih Öner

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Sait Fatih Öner

Principal Investigator

Responsibility Role SPONSOR_INVESTIGATOR

Locations

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Fethi Sekin City Hospital

Elâzığ, Elaziğ, Turkey (Türkiye)

Site Status

Countries

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Turkey (Türkiye)

Other Identifiers

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no.258551508; November 5, 2024

Identifier Type: OTHER

Identifier Source: secondary_id

no.258551508; November 5, 2024

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id