Oral Contraceptive Pills Versus Levonorgestrel-Releasing Intrauterine System for Niche-Related Abnormal Uterine Bleeding
NCT ID: NCT07229209
Last Updated: 2025-11-25
Study Results
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Basic Information
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COMPLETED
NA
80 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
2025-02-05
2025-11-01
Brief Summary
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Detailed Description
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All participants had a transvaginal ultrasound-confirmed uterine niche ≥2 mm in depth. Residual myometrial thickness, niche depth, length, and width were assessed.
* OCP group: Participants received a monophasic combined oral contraceptive pill containing 0.03 mg ethinyl estradiol and 3 mg drospirenone (Technospiron® 0.03/3 mg, Technopharm, Egypt), taken for 21 days starting on day 2 of menstruation for six consecutive cycles.
* LNG-IUS group: Participants received a 52 mg levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (Mirena®, Bayer, Oy Finland), inserted under transvaginal ultrasound guidance within the first three days of menstruation for 6 months.
Both treatments were provided free of charge. Participants could switch to the alternative method upon study completion. Because of the nature of the interventions, blinding was not feasible; hence, the trial was open-label. Assessments were performed at baseline and at 1, 3, and 6 months. Participants recorded:
* Number of days of postmenstrual/intermenstrual spotting
* Total bleeding duration per cycle
* Pelvic pain and dysmenorrhea scores (10-point visual analogue scale)
* Sexual well-being (5-point Likert scale)
* Treatment satisfaction (satisfied/very satisfied vs. other responses)
* Adverse events, complications, and reasons for discontinuation (including LNG-IUS expulsion) At 6 months, transvaginal ultrasonography was repeated to assess residual myometrial thickness, niche depth, length, and width.
Conditions
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Study Design
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RANDOMIZED
PARALLEL
TREATMENT
NONE
Study Groups
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combined oral contraceptive pill group
Participants received a monophasic combined oral contraceptive pill containing 0.03 mg ethinyl estradiol and 3 mg drospirenone (Technospiron® 0.03/3 mg, Technopharm, Egypt), taken for 21 days starting on day 2 of menstruation for six consecutive cycles.
transvaginal ultrasonography
At baseline and at 6 months after the start of treatment, transvaginal ultrasonography was performed to assess residual myometrial thickness, niche depth, length, and width.
monophasic combined oral contraceptive pill
Participants received a monophasic combined oral contraceptive pill containing 0.03 mg ethinyl estradiol and 3 mg drospirenone (Technospiron® 0.03/3 mg, Technopharm, Egypt), taken for 21 days starting on day 2 of menstruation for six consecutive cycles.
levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system group
Participants received a 52 mg levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (Mirena®, Bayer, Oy Finland), inserted under transvaginal ultrasound guidance within the first three days of menstruation for 6 months.
transvaginal ultrasonography
At baseline and at 6 months after the start of treatment, transvaginal ultrasonography was performed to assess residual myometrial thickness, niche depth, length, and width.
52 mg levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system
Participants received a 52 mg levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (Mirena®, Bayer, Oy Finland), inserted under transvaginal ultrasound guidance within the first three days of menstruation for 6 months.
Interventions
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transvaginal ultrasonography
At baseline and at 6 months after the start of treatment, transvaginal ultrasonography was performed to assess residual myometrial thickness, niche depth, length, and width.
monophasic combined oral contraceptive pill
Participants received a monophasic combined oral contraceptive pill containing 0.03 mg ethinyl estradiol and 3 mg drospirenone (Technospiron® 0.03/3 mg, Technopharm, Egypt), taken for 21 days starting on day 2 of menstruation for six consecutive cycles.
52 mg levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system
Participants received a 52 mg levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (Mirena®, Bayer, Oy Finland), inserted under transvaginal ultrasound guidance within the first three days of menstruation for 6 months.
Other Intervention Names
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria
* presenting with postmenstrual or intermenstrual bleeding for ≥3 consecutive cycles lasting ≥2 days, and a total bleeding duration \>7 days per cycle.
* All participants had a transvaginal ultrasound-confirmed uterine niche ≥2 mm in depth.
Exclusion Criteria
* malignancy
* other identifiable causes of abnormal uterine bleeding
* abnormal cervical cytology
* cervicitis
* pelvic inflammatory disease
* endometrial polyps
* uterine fibroids
* contraindications to either combined oral contraceptive pill or levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system
* desire for pregnancy
* refusal to participate
18 Years
45 Years
FEMALE
No
Sponsors
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Benha University
OTHER
Responsible Party
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Ahmed Abdel Latif Ahmed Alnezamy
Lecturer of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine
Principal Investigators
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AHMED ALNEZAMY, MD
Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
Lecturer of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University
Locations
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Benha Univesity Hospital
Banhā, Qalyubia Governorate, Egypt
Countries
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References
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Stavridis K, Balafoutas D, Vlahos N, Joukhadar R. Current surgical treatment of uterine isthmocele: an update of existing literature. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2025 Jan;311(1):13-24. doi: 10.1007/s00404-024-07880-w. Epub 2024 Dec 16.
Naji O, Abdallah Y, Bij De Vaate AJ, Smith A, Pexsters A, Stalder C, McIndoe A, Ghaem-Maghami S, Lees C, Brolmann HA, Huirne JA, Timmerman D, Bourne T. Standardized approach for imaging and measuring Cesarean section scars using ultrasonography. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2012 Mar;39(3):252-9. doi: 10.1002/uog.10077.
Tulandi T, Cohen A. Emerging Manifestations of Cesarean Scar Defect in Reproductive-aged Women. J Minim Invasive Gynecol. 2016 Sep-Oct;23(6):893-902. doi: 10.1016/j.jmig.2016.06.020. Epub 2016 Jul 5.
Vikhareva Osser O, Valentin L. Clinical importance of appearance of cesarean hysterotomy scar at transvaginal ultrasonography in nonpregnant women. Obstet Gynecol. 2011 Mar;117(3):525-532. doi: 10.1097/AOG.0b013e318209abf0.
Donnez O. Cesarean scar defects: management of an iatrogenic pathology whose prevalence has dramatically increased. Fertil Steril. 2020 Apr;113(4):704-716. doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2020.01.037.
Jordans IPM, de Leeuw RA, Stegwee SI, Amso NN, Barri-Soldevila PN, van den Bosch T, Bourne T, Brolmann HAM, Donnez O, Dueholm M, Hehenkamp WJK, Jastrow N, Jurkovic D, Mashiach R, Naji O, Streuli I, Timmerman D, van der Voet LF, Huirne JAF. Sonographic examination of uterine niche in non-pregnant women: a modified Delphi procedure. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2019 Jan;53(1):107-115. doi: 10.1002/uog.19049.
Klein Meuleman SJM, Min N, Hehenkamp WJK, Post Uiterweer ED, Huirne JAF, de Leeuw RA. The definition, diagnosis, and symptoms of the uterine niche - A systematic review. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2023 Aug;90:102390. doi: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2023.102390. Epub 2023 Jul 15.
Murji A, Sanders AP, Monteiro I, Haiderbhai S, Matelski J, Walsh C, Abbott JA, Munro MG, Maheux-Lacroix S; International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) Committee on Menstrual Disorders and Related Health Impacts. Cesarean scar defects and abnormal uterine bleeding: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Fertil Steril. 2022 Oct;118(4):758-766. doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2022.06.031. Epub 2022 Aug 17.
You SH. The symptomatic cesarean scar defect with oral contraceptive pills treatment following evacuation of a cesarean scar pregnancy. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol. 2023 Jan;62(1):181-183. doi: 10.1016/j.tjog.2022.04.012. No abstract available.
Chen YY, Tsai CC, Lan KC, Ou YC. Preliminary report on the use of a levonorgestrel intrauterine system for the treatment of intermenstrual bleeding due to previous cesarean delivery scar defect. J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 2019 Oct;45(10):2015-2020. doi: 10.1111/jog.14060. Epub 2019 Aug 5.
Zhang J, Zhu C, Yan L, Wang Y, Zhu Q, He C, He X, Ji S, Tian Y, Xie L, Liang Y, Xia W, Mol BW, Huirne JAF. Comparing levonorgestrel intrauterine system with hysteroscopic niche resection in women with postmenstrual spotting related to a niche in the uterine cesarean scar: a randomized, open-label, controlled trial. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2023 Jun;228(6):712.e1-712.e16. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2023.03.020. Epub 2023 Mar 17.
Zhang X, Yang M, Wang Q, Chen J, Ding J, Hua K. Prospective evaluation of five methods used to treat cesarean scar defects. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2016 Sep;134(3):336-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ijgo.2016.04.011. Epub 2016 Jun 30.
Zheng F, Chen S, Yang W, Li J, Huang Q, Qin H, Wei J, Lin J. Comparison of the efficacy of oral contraceptives and levonorgestrel intrauterine system in intermenstrual bleeding caused by uterine niche. Ginekol Pol. 2024;95(8):621-626. doi: 10.5603/GP.a2023.0067. Epub 2023 Jul 7.
Other Identifiers
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RC10-2-2025
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id
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