Trial Outcomes & Findings for Mobile Self-Management Program for Stress Reduction in Young Adults (NCT NCT07174544)
NCT ID: NCT07174544
Last Updated: 2026-01-08
Results Overview
Stress was measured using the Korean version of the Perceived Stress Scale - 10 items (PSS-10). The total score ranges from 0 to 40, with higher scores indicating greater perceived stress. Although the scale does not provide a standardized cut-off, prior studies have used a score of 14 or higher to define moderate-to-high levels of stress, and this threshold was applied in the present study.
Recruitment status
COMPLETED
Study phase
NA
Target enrollment
211 participants
Primary outcome timeframe
Week 8
Results posted on
2026-01-08
Participant Flow
a score of ≥14 on the Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS-10)
Participant milestones
| Measure |
Intervention Group
Participants receive a mobile self-management intervention that integrates Positive Psychology and Behavioral Activation. The program includes 4 weeks of guided sessions followed by 4 weeks of self-directed use.
Mobile Self-Management Program integrated with Positive Psychology and Behavioral Activation: The mobile self-management program consisted of a 4-week guided intervention phase followed by a 4-week self-directed period to encourage continued use. The guided phase was organized around weekly objectives: (1) experiencing positive affect, (2) identifying personal strengths, (3) applying strengths in daily life, and (4) planning a positive future. Program activities included emotional check-ins, gratitude journaling, mindfulness practice, positive behavioral tasks, and goal setting. During the self-directed phase (Weeks 5-8), participants selected from 10 recommended activities tailored to their strengths, promoting sustained engagement and self-management. The program integrated Positive Psychology and Behavioral Activation strategies to reduce stress, enhance resilience, and foster positive behavioral change.
|
Wait-list Control
Participants do not receive the intervention during the first 8 weeks but are offered access to the program after the study period.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Overall Study
STARTED
|
92
|
87
|
|
Overall Study
2week
|
68
|
80
|
|
Overall Study
4week
|
53
|
75
|
|
Overall Study
8week
|
49
|
72
|
|
Overall Study
COMPLETED
|
49
|
72
|
|
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
|
43
|
15
|
Reasons for withdrawal
| Measure |
Intervention Group
Participants receive a mobile self-management intervention that integrates Positive Psychology and Behavioral Activation. The program includes 4 weeks of guided sessions followed by 4 weeks of self-directed use.
Mobile Self-Management Program integrated with Positive Psychology and Behavioral Activation: The mobile self-management program consisted of a 4-week guided intervention phase followed by a 4-week self-directed period to encourage continued use. The guided phase was organized around weekly objectives: (1) experiencing positive affect, (2) identifying personal strengths, (3) applying strengths in daily life, and (4) planning a positive future. Program activities included emotional check-ins, gratitude journaling, mindfulness practice, positive behavioral tasks, and goal setting. During the self-directed phase (Weeks 5-8), participants selected from 10 recommended activities tailored to their strengths, promoting sustained engagement and self-management. The program integrated Positive Psychology and Behavioral Activation strategies to reduce stress, enhance resilience, and foster positive behavioral change.
|
Wait-list Control
Participants do not receive the intervention during the first 8 weeks but are offered access to the program after the study period.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Overall Study
Lost to Follow-up
|
43
|
15
|
Baseline Characteristics
Race and Ethnicity were not collected from any participant.
Baseline characteristics by cohort
| Measure |
Intervention Group
n=92 Participants
Participants receive a mobile self-management intervention that integrates Positive Psychology and Behavioral Activation. The program includes 4 weeks of guided sessions followed by 4 weeks of self-directed use.
Mobile Self-Management Program integrated with Positive Psychology and Behavioral Activation: The mobile self-management program consisted of a 4-week guided intervention phase followed by a 4-week self-directed period to encourage continued use. The guided phase was organized around weekly objectives: (1) experiencing positive affect, (2) identifying personal strengths, (3) applying strengths in daily life, and (4) planning a positive future. Program activities included emotional check-ins, gratitude journaling, mindfulness practice, positive behavioral tasks, and goal setting. During the self-directed phase (Weeks 5-8), participants selected from 10 recommended activities tailored to their strengths, promoting sustained engagement and self-management. The program integrated Positive Psychology and Behavioral Activation strategies to reduce stress, enhance resilience, and foster positive behavioral change.
|
Wait-list Control
n=87 Participants
Participants do not receive the intervention during the first 8 weeks but are offered access to the program after the study period.
|
Total
n=179 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
|
|---|---|---|---|
|
Age, Categorical
<=18 years
|
0 Participants
n=92 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=87 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=179 Participants
|
|
Age, Categorical
Between 18 and 65 years
|
92 Participants
n=92 Participants
|
87 Participants
n=87 Participants
|
179 Participants
n=179 Participants
|
|
Age, Categorical
>=65 years
|
0 Participants
n=92 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=87 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=179 Participants
|
|
Age, Continuous
|
27.85 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 4.16 • n=92 Participants
|
27.46 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 4.42 • n=87 Participants
|
27.66 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 4.28 • n=179 Participants
|
|
Sex: Female, Male
Female
|
79 Participants
n=92 Participants
|
72 Participants
n=87 Participants
|
151 Participants
n=179 Participants
|
|
Sex: Female, Male
Male
|
13 Participants
n=92 Participants
|
15 Participants
n=87 Participants
|
28 Participants
n=179 Participants
|
|
Race and Ethnicity Not Collected
|
—
|
—
|
0 Participants
Race and Ethnicity were not collected from any participant.
|
|
Region of Enrollment
South Korea
|
92 Participants
n=92 Participants
|
87 Participants
n=87 Participants
|
179 Participants
n=179 Participants
|
|
Stress
|
22.64 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 5.82 • n=92 Participants
|
19.76 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 3.64 • n=87 Participants
|
21.24 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 5.08 • n=179 Participants
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: Week 8Population: Participants with available PSS-10 data at week 8 were included in the analysis.
Stress was measured using the Korean version of the Perceived Stress Scale - 10 items (PSS-10). The total score ranges from 0 to 40, with higher scores indicating greater perceived stress. Although the scale does not provide a standardized cut-off, prior studies have used a score of 14 or higher to define moderate-to-high levels of stress, and this threshold was applied in the present study.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention Group
n=49 Participants
Participants receive a mobile self-management intervention that integrates Positive Psychology and Behavioral Activation. The program includes 4 weeks of guided sessions followed by 4 weeks of self-directed use.
Mobile Self-Management Program integrated with Positive Psychology and Behavioral Activation: The mobile self-management program consisted of a 4-week guided intervention phase followed by a 4-week self-directed period to encourage continued use. The guided phase was organized around weekly objectives: (1) experiencing positive affect, (2) identifying personal strengths, (3) applying strengths in daily life, and (4) planning a positive future. Program activities included emotional check-ins, gratitude journaling, mindfulness practice, positive behavioral tasks, and goal setting. During the self-directed phase (Weeks 5-8), participants selected from 10 recommended activities tailored to their strengths, promoting sustained engagement and self-management. The program integrated Positive Psychology and Behavioral Activation strategies to reduce stress, enhance resilience, and foster positive behavioral change.
|
Wait-list Control
n=72 Participants
Participants do not receive the intervention during the first 8 weeks but are offered access to the program after the study period.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Stress at Week 8
|
19.41 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 6.20
|
18.35 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 4.05
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: BaselinePopulation: Participants with available PSS-10 data at baseline were included in the analysis.
Stress was measured using the Korean version of the Perceived Stress Scale - 10 items (PSS-10). The total score ranges from 0 to 40, with higher scores indicating greater perceived stress. Although the scale does not provide a standardized cut-off, prior studies have used a score of 14 or higher to define moderate-to-high levels of stress, and this threshold was applied in the present study.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention Group
n=92 Participants
Participants receive a mobile self-management intervention that integrates Positive Psychology and Behavioral Activation. The program includes 4 weeks of guided sessions followed by 4 weeks of self-directed use.
Mobile Self-Management Program integrated with Positive Psychology and Behavioral Activation: The mobile self-management program consisted of a 4-week guided intervention phase followed by a 4-week self-directed period to encourage continued use. The guided phase was organized around weekly objectives: (1) experiencing positive affect, (2) identifying personal strengths, (3) applying strengths in daily life, and (4) planning a positive future. Program activities included emotional check-ins, gratitude journaling, mindfulness practice, positive behavioral tasks, and goal setting. During the self-directed phase (Weeks 5-8), participants selected from 10 recommended activities tailored to their strengths, promoting sustained engagement and self-management. The program integrated Positive Psychology and Behavioral Activation strategies to reduce stress, enhance resilience, and foster positive behavioral change.
|
Wait-list Control
n=87 Participants
Participants do not receive the intervention during the first 8 weeks but are offered access to the program after the study period.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Stress at Baseline
|
22.64 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 5.82
|
19.76 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 3.64
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: Week 2Population: Participants with available PSS-10 data at week 2 were included in the analysis.
Stress was measured using the Korean version of the Perceived Stress Scale - 10 items (PSS-10). The total score ranges from 0 to 40, with higher scores indicating greater perceived stress. Although the scale does not provide a standardized cut-off, prior studies have used a score of 14 or higher to define moderate-to-high levels of stress, and this threshold was applied in the present study.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention Group
n=68 Participants
Participants receive a mobile self-management intervention that integrates Positive Psychology and Behavioral Activation. The program includes 4 weeks of guided sessions followed by 4 weeks of self-directed use.
Mobile Self-Management Program integrated with Positive Psychology and Behavioral Activation: The mobile self-management program consisted of a 4-week guided intervention phase followed by a 4-week self-directed period to encourage continued use. The guided phase was organized around weekly objectives: (1) experiencing positive affect, (2) identifying personal strengths, (3) applying strengths in daily life, and (4) planning a positive future. Program activities included emotional check-ins, gratitude journaling, mindfulness practice, positive behavioral tasks, and goal setting. During the self-directed phase (Weeks 5-8), participants selected from 10 recommended activities tailored to their strengths, promoting sustained engagement and self-management. The program integrated Positive Psychology and Behavioral Activation strategies to reduce stress, enhance resilience, and foster positive behavioral change.
|
Wait-list Control
n=80 Participants
Participants do not receive the intervention during the first 8 weeks but are offered access to the program after the study period.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Stress at Week 2
|
20.57 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 5.78
|
19.00 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 3.98
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: Week 4Population: Participants with available PSS-10 data at week 4 were included in the analysis.
Stress was measured using the Korean version of the Perceived Stress Scale - 10 items (PSS-10). The total score ranges from 0 to 40, with higher scores indicating greater perceived stress. Although the scale does not provide a standardized cut-off, prior studies have used a score of 14 or higher to define moderate-to-high levels of stress, and this threshold was applied in the present study.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention Group
n=53 Participants
Participants receive a mobile self-management intervention that integrates Positive Psychology and Behavioral Activation. The program includes 4 weeks of guided sessions followed by 4 weeks of self-directed use.
Mobile Self-Management Program integrated with Positive Psychology and Behavioral Activation: The mobile self-management program consisted of a 4-week guided intervention phase followed by a 4-week self-directed period to encourage continued use. The guided phase was organized around weekly objectives: (1) experiencing positive affect, (2) identifying personal strengths, (3) applying strengths in daily life, and (4) planning a positive future. Program activities included emotional check-ins, gratitude journaling, mindfulness practice, positive behavioral tasks, and goal setting. During the self-directed phase (Weeks 5-8), participants selected from 10 recommended activities tailored to their strengths, promoting sustained engagement and self-management. The program integrated Positive Psychology and Behavioral Activation strategies to reduce stress, enhance resilience, and foster positive behavioral change.
|
Wait-list Control
n=75 Participants
Participants do not receive the intervention during the first 8 weeks but are offered access to the program after the study period.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Stress at Week 4
|
20.08 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 6.62
|
18.71 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 4.00
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: BaselinePopulation: Participants with available PHQ-9 data at baseline were included in the analysis.
Depression was assessed using the Korean version of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 items (PHQ-9). The PHQ-9 consists of nine items rated on a 4-point Likert scale (0 = not at all to 3 = nearly every day), assessing symptom frequency over the past two weeks. The total score ranges from 0 to 27, with higher scores indicating more severe depression.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention Group
n=92 Participants
Participants receive a mobile self-management intervention that integrates Positive Psychology and Behavioral Activation. The program includes 4 weeks of guided sessions followed by 4 weeks of self-directed use.
Mobile Self-Management Program integrated with Positive Psychology and Behavioral Activation: The mobile self-management program consisted of a 4-week guided intervention phase followed by a 4-week self-directed period to encourage continued use. The guided phase was organized around weekly objectives: (1) experiencing positive affect, (2) identifying personal strengths, (3) applying strengths in daily life, and (4) planning a positive future. Program activities included emotional check-ins, gratitude journaling, mindfulness practice, positive behavioral tasks, and goal setting. During the self-directed phase (Weeks 5-8), participants selected from 10 recommended activities tailored to their strengths, promoting sustained engagement and self-management. The program integrated Positive Psychology and Behavioral Activation strategies to reduce stress, enhance resilience, and foster positive behavioral change.
|
Wait-list Control
n=87 Participants
Participants do not receive the intervention during the first 8 weeks but are offered access to the program after the study period.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Depression (PHQ-9) at Baseline
|
10.21 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 5.89
|
9.24 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 5.42
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: Week 2Population: Participants with available PHQ-9 data at week 2 were included in the analysis.
Depression was assessed using the Korean version of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 items (PHQ-9). The PHQ-9 consists of nine items rated on a 4-point Likert scale (0 = not at all to 3 = nearly every day), assessing symptom frequency over the past two weeks. The total score ranges from 0 to 27, with higher scores indicating more severe depression.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention Group
n=68 Participants
Participants receive a mobile self-management intervention that integrates Positive Psychology and Behavioral Activation. The program includes 4 weeks of guided sessions followed by 4 weeks of self-directed use.
Mobile Self-Management Program integrated with Positive Psychology and Behavioral Activation: The mobile self-management program consisted of a 4-week guided intervention phase followed by a 4-week self-directed period to encourage continued use. The guided phase was organized around weekly objectives: (1) experiencing positive affect, (2) identifying personal strengths, (3) applying strengths in daily life, and (4) planning a positive future. Program activities included emotional check-ins, gratitude journaling, mindfulness practice, positive behavioral tasks, and goal setting. During the self-directed phase (Weeks 5-8), participants selected from 10 recommended activities tailored to their strengths, promoting sustained engagement and self-management. The program integrated Positive Psychology and Behavioral Activation strategies to reduce stress, enhance resilience, and foster positive behavioral change.
|
Wait-list Control
n=80 Participants
Participants do not receive the intervention during the first 8 weeks but are offered access to the program after the study period.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Depression (PHQ-9) at Week 2
|
8.34 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 5.44
|
8.51 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 5.63
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: Week 4Population: Participants with available PHQ-9 data at week 4 were included in the analysis.
Depression was assessed using the Korean version of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 items (PHQ-9). The PHQ-9 consists of nine items rated on a 4-point Likert scale (0 = not at all to 3 = nearly every day), assessing symptom frequency over the past two weeks. The total score ranges from 0 to 27, with higher scores indicating more severe depression.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention Group
n=53 Participants
Participants receive a mobile self-management intervention that integrates Positive Psychology and Behavioral Activation. The program includes 4 weeks of guided sessions followed by 4 weeks of self-directed use.
Mobile Self-Management Program integrated with Positive Psychology and Behavioral Activation: The mobile self-management program consisted of a 4-week guided intervention phase followed by a 4-week self-directed period to encourage continued use. The guided phase was organized around weekly objectives: (1) experiencing positive affect, (2) identifying personal strengths, (3) applying strengths in daily life, and (4) planning a positive future. Program activities included emotional check-ins, gratitude journaling, mindfulness practice, positive behavioral tasks, and goal setting. During the self-directed phase (Weeks 5-8), participants selected from 10 recommended activities tailored to their strengths, promoting sustained engagement and self-management. The program integrated Positive Psychology and Behavioral Activation strategies to reduce stress, enhance resilience, and foster positive behavioral change.
|
Wait-list Control
n=75 Participants
Participants do not receive the intervention during the first 8 weeks but are offered access to the program after the study period.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Depression (PHQ-9) at Week 4
|
7.72 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 5.91
|
7.95 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 5.36
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: Week 8Population: Participants with available PHQ-9 data at week 8 were included in the analysis.
Depression was assessed using the Korean version of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 items (PHQ-9). The PHQ-9 consists of nine items rated on a 4-point Likert scale (0 = not at all to 3 = nearly every day), assessing symptom frequency over the past two weeks. The total score ranges from 0 to 27, with higher scores indicating more severe depression.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention Group
n=49 Participants
Participants receive a mobile self-management intervention that integrates Positive Psychology and Behavioral Activation. The program includes 4 weeks of guided sessions followed by 4 weeks of self-directed use.
Mobile Self-Management Program integrated with Positive Psychology and Behavioral Activation: The mobile self-management program consisted of a 4-week guided intervention phase followed by a 4-week self-directed period to encourage continued use. The guided phase was organized around weekly objectives: (1) experiencing positive affect, (2) identifying personal strengths, (3) applying strengths in daily life, and (4) planning a positive future. Program activities included emotional check-ins, gratitude journaling, mindfulness practice, positive behavioral tasks, and goal setting. During the self-directed phase (Weeks 5-8), participants selected from 10 recommended activities tailored to their strengths, promoting sustained engagement and self-management. The program integrated Positive Psychology and Behavioral Activation strategies to reduce stress, enhance resilience, and foster positive behavioral change.
|
Wait-list Control
n=72 Participants
Participants do not receive the intervention during the first 8 weeks but are offered access to the program after the study period.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Depression (PHQ-9) at Week 8
|
8.37 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 6.38
|
7.69 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 5.50
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: BaselinePopulation: Participants with available GAD-7 data at baseline were included in the analysis.
Anxiety was measured using the Korean version of the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 items (GAD-7). The GAD-7 consists of seven items rated on a 4-point Likert scale (0 = not at all to 3 = nearly every day), assessing symptom frequency over the past two weeks. The total score ranges from 0 to 21, with higher scores indicating more severe anxiety.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention Group
n=92 Participants
Participants receive a mobile self-management intervention that integrates Positive Psychology and Behavioral Activation. The program includes 4 weeks of guided sessions followed by 4 weeks of self-directed use.
Mobile Self-Management Program integrated with Positive Psychology and Behavioral Activation: The mobile self-management program consisted of a 4-week guided intervention phase followed by a 4-week self-directed period to encourage continued use. The guided phase was organized around weekly objectives: (1) experiencing positive affect, (2) identifying personal strengths, (3) applying strengths in daily life, and (4) planning a positive future. Program activities included emotional check-ins, gratitude journaling, mindfulness practice, positive behavioral tasks, and goal setting. During the self-directed phase (Weeks 5-8), participants selected from 10 recommended activities tailored to their strengths, promoting sustained engagement and self-management. The program integrated Positive Psychology and Behavioral Activation strategies to reduce stress, enhance resilience, and foster positive behavioral change.
|
Wait-list Control
n=87 Participants
Participants do not receive the intervention during the first 8 weeks but are offered access to the program after the study period.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Anxiety (GAD-7) at Baseline
|
8.20 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 5.75
|
7.68 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 4.88
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: Week 2Population: Participants with available GAD-7 data at week 2 were included in the analysis.
Anxiety was measured using the Korean version of the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 items (GAD-7). The GAD-7 consists of seven items rated on a 4-point Likert scale (0 = not at all to 3 = nearly every day), assessing symptom frequency over the past two weeks. The total score ranges from 0 to 21, with higher scores indicating more severe anxiety.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention Group
n=68 Participants
Participants receive a mobile self-management intervention that integrates Positive Psychology and Behavioral Activation. The program includes 4 weeks of guided sessions followed by 4 weeks of self-directed use.
Mobile Self-Management Program integrated with Positive Psychology and Behavioral Activation: The mobile self-management program consisted of a 4-week guided intervention phase followed by a 4-week self-directed period to encourage continued use. The guided phase was organized around weekly objectives: (1) experiencing positive affect, (2) identifying personal strengths, (3) applying strengths in daily life, and (4) planning a positive future. Program activities included emotional check-ins, gratitude journaling, mindfulness practice, positive behavioral tasks, and goal setting. During the self-directed phase (Weeks 5-8), participants selected from 10 recommended activities tailored to their strengths, promoting sustained engagement and self-management. The program integrated Positive Psychology and Behavioral Activation strategies to reduce stress, enhance resilience, and foster positive behavioral change.
|
Wait-list Control
n=80 Participants
Participants do not receive the intervention during the first 8 weeks but are offered access to the program after the study period.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Anxiety (GAD-7) at Week 2
|
6.88 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 5.65
|
7.13 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 5.23
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: Week 4Population: Participants with available GAD-7 data at week 4 were included in the analysis.
Anxiety was measured using the Korean version of the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 items (GAD-7). The GAD-7 consists of seven items rated on a 4-point Likert scale (0 = not at all to 3 = nearly every day), assessing symptom frequency over the past two weeks. The total score ranges from 0 to 21, with higher scores indicating more severe anxiety.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention Group
n=53 Participants
Participants receive a mobile self-management intervention that integrates Positive Psychology and Behavioral Activation. The program includes 4 weeks of guided sessions followed by 4 weeks of self-directed use.
Mobile Self-Management Program integrated with Positive Psychology and Behavioral Activation: The mobile self-management program consisted of a 4-week guided intervention phase followed by a 4-week self-directed period to encourage continued use. The guided phase was organized around weekly objectives: (1) experiencing positive affect, (2) identifying personal strengths, (3) applying strengths in daily life, and (4) planning a positive future. Program activities included emotional check-ins, gratitude journaling, mindfulness practice, positive behavioral tasks, and goal setting. During the self-directed phase (Weeks 5-8), participants selected from 10 recommended activities tailored to their strengths, promoting sustained engagement and self-management. The program integrated Positive Psychology and Behavioral Activation strategies to reduce stress, enhance resilience, and foster positive behavioral change.
|
Wait-list Control
n=75 Participants
Participants do not receive the intervention during the first 8 weeks but are offered access to the program after the study period.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Anxiety (GAD-7) at Week 4
|
6.43 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 5.61
|
7.03 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 5.21
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: Week 8Population: Participants with available GAD-7 data at week 8 were included in the analysis.
Anxiety was measured using the Korean version of the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 items (GAD-7). The GAD-7 consists of seven items rated on a 4-point Likert scale (0 = not at all to 3 = nearly every day), assessing symptom frequency over the past two weeks. The total score ranges from 0 to 21, with higher scores indicating more severe anxiety.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention Group
n=49 Participants
Participants receive a mobile self-management intervention that integrates Positive Psychology and Behavioral Activation. The program includes 4 weeks of guided sessions followed by 4 weeks of self-directed use.
Mobile Self-Management Program integrated with Positive Psychology and Behavioral Activation: The mobile self-management program consisted of a 4-week guided intervention phase followed by a 4-week self-directed period to encourage continued use. The guided phase was organized around weekly objectives: (1) experiencing positive affect, (2) identifying personal strengths, (3) applying strengths in daily life, and (4) planning a positive future. Program activities included emotional check-ins, gratitude journaling, mindfulness practice, positive behavioral tasks, and goal setting. During the self-directed phase (Weeks 5-8), participants selected from 10 recommended activities tailored to their strengths, promoting sustained engagement and self-management. The program integrated Positive Psychology and Behavioral Activation strategies to reduce stress, enhance resilience, and foster positive behavioral change.
|
Wait-list Control
n=72 Participants
Participants do not receive the intervention during the first 8 weeks but are offered access to the program after the study period.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Anxiety (GAD-7) at Week 8
|
7.63 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 6.11
|
6.36 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 4.87
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: BaselinePopulation: Participants with available BRS data at baseline were included in the analysis.
Resilience was assessed using the Korean version of the Brief Resilience Scale (BRS). The BRS consists of six items rated on a 5-point Likert scale (1 = strongly disagree to 5 = strongly agree). Total scores range from 6 to 30, with higher scores indicating greater resilience.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention Group
n=92 Participants
Participants receive a mobile self-management intervention that integrates Positive Psychology and Behavioral Activation. The program includes 4 weeks of guided sessions followed by 4 weeks of self-directed use.
Mobile Self-Management Program integrated with Positive Psychology and Behavioral Activation: The mobile self-management program consisted of a 4-week guided intervention phase followed by a 4-week self-directed period to encourage continued use. The guided phase was organized around weekly objectives: (1) experiencing positive affect, (2) identifying personal strengths, (3) applying strengths in daily life, and (4) planning a positive future. Program activities included emotional check-ins, gratitude journaling, mindfulness practice, positive behavioral tasks, and goal setting. During the self-directed phase (Weeks 5-8), participants selected from 10 recommended activities tailored to their strengths, promoting sustained engagement and self-management. The program integrated Positive Psychology and Behavioral Activation strategies to reduce stress, enhance resilience, and foster positive behavioral change.
|
Wait-list Control
n=87 Participants
Participants do not receive the intervention during the first 8 weeks but are offered access to the program after the study period.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Resilience ( BRS) at Baseline
|
15.24 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 5.06
|
17.79 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.71
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: Week 2Population: Participants with available BRS data at week 2 were included in the analysis.
Resilience was assessed using the Korean version of the Brief Resilience Scale (BRS). The BRS consists of six items rated on a 5-point Likert scale (1 = strongly disagree to 5 = strongly agree). Total scores range from 6 to 30, with higher scores indicating greater resilience.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention Group
n=68 Participants
Participants receive a mobile self-management intervention that integrates Positive Psychology and Behavioral Activation. The program includes 4 weeks of guided sessions followed by 4 weeks of self-directed use.
Mobile Self-Management Program integrated with Positive Psychology and Behavioral Activation: The mobile self-management program consisted of a 4-week guided intervention phase followed by a 4-week self-directed period to encourage continued use. The guided phase was organized around weekly objectives: (1) experiencing positive affect, (2) identifying personal strengths, (3) applying strengths in daily life, and (4) planning a positive future. Program activities included emotional check-ins, gratitude journaling, mindfulness practice, positive behavioral tasks, and goal setting. During the self-directed phase (Weeks 5-8), participants selected from 10 recommended activities tailored to their strengths, promoting sustained engagement and self-management. The program integrated Positive Psychology and Behavioral Activation strategies to reduce stress, enhance resilience, and foster positive behavioral change.
|
Wait-list Control
n=80 Participants
Participants do not receive the intervention during the first 8 weeks but are offered access to the program after the study period.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Resilience (BRS) at Week 2
|
15.37 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 5.10
|
17.59 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.76
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: Week 4Population: Participants with available BRS data at week 4 were included in the analysis.
Resilience was assessed using the Korean version of the Brief Resilience Scale (BRS). The BRS consists of six items rated on a 5-point Likert scale (1 = strongly disagree to 5 = strongly agree). Total scores range from 6 to 30, with higher scores indicating greater resilience.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention Group
n=53 Participants
Participants receive a mobile self-management intervention that integrates Positive Psychology and Behavioral Activation. The program includes 4 weeks of guided sessions followed by 4 weeks of self-directed use.
Mobile Self-Management Program integrated with Positive Psychology and Behavioral Activation: The mobile self-management program consisted of a 4-week guided intervention phase followed by a 4-week self-directed period to encourage continued use. The guided phase was organized around weekly objectives: (1) experiencing positive affect, (2) identifying personal strengths, (3) applying strengths in daily life, and (4) planning a positive future. Program activities included emotional check-ins, gratitude journaling, mindfulness practice, positive behavioral tasks, and goal setting. During the self-directed phase (Weeks 5-8), participants selected from 10 recommended activities tailored to their strengths, promoting sustained engagement and self-management. The program integrated Positive Psychology and Behavioral Activation strategies to reduce stress, enhance resilience, and foster positive behavioral change.
|
Wait-list Control
n=75 Participants
Participants do not receive the intervention during the first 8 weeks but are offered access to the program after the study period.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Resilience (BRS) at Week 4
|
16.06 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 5.68
|
17.87 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.93
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: Week 8Population: Participants with available BRS data at week 8 were included in the analysis.
Resilience was assessed using the Korean version of the Brief Resilience Scale (BRS). The BRS consists of six items rated on a 5-point Likert scale (1 = strongly disagree to 5 = strongly agree). Total scores range from 6 to 30, with higher scores indicating greater resilience.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Intervention Group
n=49 Participants
Participants receive a mobile self-management intervention that integrates Positive Psychology and Behavioral Activation. The program includes 4 weeks of guided sessions followed by 4 weeks of self-directed use.
Mobile Self-Management Program integrated with Positive Psychology and Behavioral Activation: The mobile self-management program consisted of a 4-week guided intervention phase followed by a 4-week self-directed period to encourage continued use. The guided phase was organized around weekly objectives: (1) experiencing positive affect, (2) identifying personal strengths, (3) applying strengths in daily life, and (4) planning a positive future. Program activities included emotional check-ins, gratitude journaling, mindfulness practice, positive behavioral tasks, and goal setting. During the self-directed phase (Weeks 5-8), participants selected from 10 recommended activities tailored to their strengths, promoting sustained engagement and self-management. The program integrated Positive Psychology and Behavioral Activation strategies to reduce stress, enhance resilience, and foster positive behavioral change.
|
Wait-list Control
n=72 Participants
Participants do not receive the intervention during the first 8 weeks but are offered access to the program after the study period.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Resilience (BRS) at Week 8
|
16.14 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 5.87
|
17.54 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.85
|
Adverse Events
Intervention Group
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
Wait-list Control
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
Serious adverse events
Adverse event data not reported
Other adverse events
Adverse event data not reported
Additional Information
Hyunjoo Na, Associate professor, PI
College of Nursing, The Catholic University of Korea
Phone: +82-2-3147-8442
Email: [email protected]
Results disclosure agreements
- Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
- Publication restrictions are in place