SMART Implementation-Effectiveness Trial 1

NCT ID: NCT07137923

Last Updated: 2025-09-17

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: RECRUITING
• Clinical Phase: NA
• Total Enrollment: 18 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2025-09-03
• Study Completion Date: 2028-02-29

Brief Summary

While single maintenance and reliever therapy (SMART) has been the preferred management strategy for Step 3 and 4 (moderate/severe) asthma management since the 2020 NIH asthma guideline updates, adoption of SMART has not been rigorously assessed. This study will test electronic medical record clinical decision support and education implementation strategies (CDS+) to increase adoption of SMART in pediatric primary care. This is the first of two related records.

Detailed Description

Asthma is a leading cause of childhood morbidity nationwide. Limited provider adoption of and patient adherence to the prevailing evidence-based recommendations for chronic management represent tractable areas for care improvement and implementation focus. In their 2020 Focused Updates, the NHLBI codified a new paradigm of asthma management - single maintenance and reliever therapy (SMART) - as the preferred management strategy for Steps 3 and 4 (moderate/severe) asthma management. In addition to its efficacy and safety, SMART has demonstrated real-world effectiveness in international settings, likely due in part to better adherence to daily therapy and less inhaler confusion. However, SMART has not been widely implemented in practice in the U.S. This hybrid type II implementation-effectiveness study will sequentially compare the effects of usual care to (1) electronic health record-based clinical decision support plus education (CDS+) (Study 1 - current study) and then (2) CDS+ with population health management (PHM) strategies (community health worker and nurse care manager) on SMART adoption (Study 2). Randomization for this study is at the clinic-level. Results will be reported at visit-, patient-, and clinic-levels.

Conditions

Asthma in Children

Study Design

• Allocation Method: RANDOMIZED
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Primary Study Purpose: HEALTH_SERVICES_RESEARCH
• Blinding Strategy: SINGLE

Study Groups

Intervention

Clinics in Arm 1 will receive the intervention in Interval 1. Interval 1 intervention: clinical decision support and education (CDS+).

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

Clinical decision support + education (CDS+)

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

Intervention clinic providers will experience nudges in the electronic medical record to encourage prescribing SMART where clinically-appropriate and intervention clinic providers, families/patients, and nurses will receive education (collectively CDS+).

Control

Clinics in Arm 2 will not be exposed to the interventions.

Group Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Control

Intervention Type: OTHER

Clinics in Arm 2 will not be exposed to the interventions.

Interventions

Clinical decision support + education (CDS+)

Intervention clinic providers will experience nudges in the electronic medical record to encourage prescribing SMART where clinically-appropriate and intervention clinic providers, families/patients, and nurses will receive education (collectively CDS+).

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

Control

Clinics in Arm 2 will not be exposed to the interventions.

Intervention Type: OTHER

Other Intervention Names

CDS+

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• The clinic is a pediatric primary care clinic that is part of the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP) Pediatric Research Consortium (PeRC).
• The clinic agrees to participate in SMART & SIMPLE study.

• Ages 5-18 years;
• Has clinic visit at participating practice during study interval (sick, well, or follow-up)
• Prescribed at least one prescription for an inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) or ICS-long-acting beta agonist (ICS-LABA) for maintenance asthma therapy in the past year;
• Evidence of uncontrolled asthma as determined by: (1) uncontrolled Asthma Control Tool score in the past 6 months OR (2) two or more systemic corticosteroids prescribed for an asthma exacerbation in the past 12 months (one occurring in the past 6 months)

Exclusion Criteria

• The clinic is not willing to participate in SMART & SIMPLE study interventions.

• Transferred clinics or left the CHOP Pediatric Care Network.

• Minimum Eligible Age: 5 Years
• Maximum Eligible Age: 18 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Sponsors

National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)

NIH

Sponsor Role: collaborator

Children's Hospital of Philadelphia

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Responsibility Role: SPONSOR

Locations

Children's Hospital of Philadelphia

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States

Site Status: RECRUITING

Countries

United States

Central Contacts

Chén Kenyon, MD, MSHP

Role: CONTACT

kenyonc@chop.edu

267-426-6339

Facility Contacts

Chén Kenyon, MD, MSHP

Role: primary

kenyonc@chop.edu

267-426-6339

Other Identifiers

R01HL173600

Identifier Type: NIH

Identifier Source: secondary_id

View Link

23-021702 A

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id