Effects of Smoking Addiction on Lower Limb Speed and Coordination

NCT ID: NCT07061522

Last Updated: 2025-08-27

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: RECRUITING
• Total Enrollment: 24 participants
• Study Classification: OBSERVATIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2025-08-26
• Study Completion Date: 2026-07-20

Brief Summary

This observational case-control study will investigate the impact of smoking addiction on lower extremity speed and coordination in young adults. Participants aged 18-25 will be divided into two groups based on their smoking status. The study will compare motor coordination and sprint performance between smokers and non-smokers using objective physical tests under standardized laboratory conditions.

Detailed Description

This non-randomized controlled study will aim to evaluate the effects of smoking addiction on the speed and coordination of lower extremity movements among healthy young adults. Smoking is known to have detrimental effects on vascular, musculoskeletal, and neurological systems, yet its impact on motor performance-particularly in the lower limbs-has not been sufficiently studied.

Participants aged 18-25 will be categorized into smoker and non-smoker groups based on DSM-IV-TR nicotine dependence criteria and the Fagerström Test. The Lower Extremity Motor Coordination Test (LEMOCOT) will be used to assess motor coordination, while a 30-meter sprint test will evaluate movement speed. Additionally, body mass index (BMI) and bimalleolar diameter and circumference will be recorded to control for confounding physical variables.

All assessments will be conducted in a controlled laboratory environment. The results will be analyzed to determine whether smoking addiction is associated with impaired lower limb motor function. The findings may provide new insights into the functional consequences of smoking in young adults and contribute to the design of preventive and rehabilitative strategies.

Conditions

Smoking Cessation

Study Design

• Observational Model Type: CASE_CONTROL
• Study Time Perspective: PROSPECTIVE

Study Groups

Smoking Addiction Group

Participants in this group will be individuals who meet the criteria for smoking addiction based on both the DSM-IV-TR criteria and the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence. They must have smoked at least one cigarette per day for the past 12 months.

Behavioral/Physical Assessment

Intervention Type: OTHER

This study will not include any therapeutic or clinical intervention. Instead, participants will undergo a series of structured physical and questionnaire-based assessments to evaluate lower extremity motor performance. These include the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence and DSM-IV-TR criteria to classify smoking addiction. Anthropometric measurements such as Body Mass Index (BMI) and bimalleolar diameter/circumference will be recorded to assess potential confounding structural factors. Lower extremity coordination will be evaluated using the Lower Extremity Motor Coordination Test (LEMOCOT), and movement speed will be assessed with a 30-meter sprint test. All assessments will be conducted once in a controlled laboratory setting and are intended solely for comparative analysis between smokers and non-smokers.

Non-Smokers

Participants in this group will be healthy individuals aged 18-25 with no history of smoking within the past year. They will be matched in terms of age and BMI to the smoking group and will serve as the control cohort.

Behavioral/Physical Assessment

Intervention Type: OTHER

This study will not include any therapeutic or clinical intervention. Instead, participants will undergo a series of structured physical and questionnaire-based assessments to evaluate lower extremity motor performance. These include the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence and DSM-IV-TR criteria to classify smoking addiction. Anthropometric measurements such as Body Mass Index (BMI) and bimalleolar diameter/circumference will be recorded to assess potential confounding structural factors. Lower extremity coordination will be evaluated using the Lower Extremity Motor Coordination Test (LEMOCOT), and movement speed will be assessed with a 30-meter sprint test. All assessments will be conducted once in a controlled laboratory setting and are intended solely for comparative analysis between smokers and non-smokers.

Interventions

Behavioral/Physical Assessment

This study will not include any therapeutic or clinical intervention. Instead, participants will undergo a series of structured physical and questionnaire-based assessments to evaluate lower extremity motor performance. These include the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence and DSM-IV-TR criteria to classify smoking addiction. Anthropometric measurements such as Body Mass Index (BMI) and bimalleolar diameter/circumference will be recorded to assess potential confounding structural factors. Lower extremity coordination will be evaluated using the Lower Extremity Motor Coordination Test (LEMOCOT), and movement speed will be assessed with a 30-meter sprint test. All assessments will be conducted once in a controlled laboratory setting and are intended solely for comparative analysis between smokers and non-smokers.

Intervention Type: OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• Smoking ≥1 cigarette daily for at least 12 months
• Age between 18-25
• Literate and cooperative
• BMI: 18.5-29.9 kg/m²

Exclusion Criteria

• Orthopedic, neurological, or neuromuscular conditions impairing walking
• Chronic pulmonary or cardiac disease
• Cognitive impairment
• BMI ≥30 kg/m²

• Minimum Eligible Age: 18 Years
• Maximum Eligible Age: 25 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Sponsors

Saglik Bilimleri Universitesi

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

ESRA PEHLIVAN

Principal Investigator

Responsibility Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Locations

Esra Pehlivan

Istanbul, Üsküdar, Turkey (Türkiye)

Site Status: RECRUITING

Countries

Turkey (Türkiye)

Central Contacts

Esra Pehlivan, Associate Professor

Role: CONTACT

esra.pehlivan@sbu.edu.tr

+90216 777 87 77

Edanur Kocakaplan

Role: CONTACT

2103006006@ogrenci.sbu.edu.tr

Facility Contacts

ESRA PEHLİVAN

Role: primary

fztesrakambur@yahoo.com

02164189616

Other Identifiers

Smoking Add-Coordination-1

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id