Development of an Interview-Informed Timeline Follow-Back (TLFB) for Opioid Use in the Era of Fentanyl

NCT ID: NCT06995885

Last Updated: 2025-11-12

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

Get a concise snapshot of the trial, including recruitment status, study phase, enrollment targets, and key timeline milestones.

Recruitment Status

ENROLLING_BY_INVITATION

Total Enrollment

30 participants

Study Classification

OBSERVATIONAL

Study Start Date

2025-11-17

Study Completion Date

2027-05-31

Brief Summary

Review the sponsor-provided synopsis that highlights what the study is about and why it is being conducted.

Background:

A Timeline Follow-Back (TLFB) is a tool that helps researchers track how much of a substance a person uses. Different versions of the tool are used to track the use of alcohol, cigarettes, and cannabis. But there is no TLFB to track a person s use of nonmedical opioids. (These are opioids not obtained from a medical source; they may also be called "street" opioids.) Researchers are creating an Opioid TLFB (OpiTLFB) that asks better questions and records more useful answers to identify what kinds of nonmedical opioids people are using.

Objective:

To test a new research tool to track a person's use of nonmedical opioids.

Eligibility:

People aged 18 years or older who used a nonmedical opioid within the past 30 days.

Design:

Participants will have 1 study visit at a clinic in Baltimore, Maryland. The visit will take 1 to 4 hours.

Participants will sit at a computer with a researcher and fill out a calendar. They will record their use of opioids each day for the past 30 days. They will be asked what the drugs were called and what they looked like. This task might take 30 minutes.

Participants will be interviewed. The researcher will ask about their experiences getting opioids from friends, dealers, or other sources; how the experience of getting opioids has changed over time; and about any changes they have noticed across different areas of Baltimore. Researchers will ask how the OpiTLFB could be easier to fill out and how it could provide more useful information. This task might take 30 minutes.

Participants will provide a urine sample.

Detailed Description

Dive into the extended narrative that explains the scientific background, objectives, and procedures in greater depth.

Study Description:

Observational, on-site study for the purpose of instrument development. Currently used assessments of recent opioid use do not reflect the current market for street opioids. This protocol will use semistructured interviews (supplemented with results from comprehensive toxicology of approximately 1,200 analytes in urine) to develop a workable typology of the current street-opioid market in the Baltimore region, and a TLFB calendar that asks germane questions and offers usable response options for products and amounts.

Objectives:

1. To conduct semistructured interviews with people who use opioids (PWUOs) in the Baltimore area about their recent opioid use, for development of a TLFB instrument that assesses use in terms that accord with the current conditions of the market.
2. To perform comprehensive toxicology testing so that an appearancedriven and effect-driven typology of street opioids can be tentatively mapped onto their likely contents.

Endpoints:

1. At least three consecutive respondents (after an initial minimum of 25 respondents) for whom the OpiTLFB needs no further modification to capture their pattern of opioid use.
2. Associations between OpiTLFB indices (name, physical appearance, and effects of product) and urine-toxicology results.

Conditions

See the medical conditions and disease areas that this research is targeting or investigating.

Substance Use Disorders (SUDs)

Keywords

Explore important study keywords that can help with search, categorization, and topic discovery.

People who use opioids (PWUOs) Opioids Timeline Follow-Back (TLFB)

Study Design

Understand how the trial is structured, including allocation methods, masking strategies, primary purpose, and other design elements.

Observational Model Type

OTHER

Study Time Perspective

OTHER

Study Groups

Review each arm or cohort in the study, along with the interventions and objectives associated with them.

People who use opioids (PWUOs)

Past 30-day use of an opioid obtained in a nonmedical context (i.e., not from a pharmacy or in a healthcare setting)

No interventions assigned to this group

Eligibility Criteria

Check the participation requirements, including inclusion and exclusion rules, age limits, and whether healthy volunteers are accepted.

Inclusion Criteria

To be eligible to participate in this study, an individual must meet the following criteria:

1. Age 18 years or older
2. Past 30-day use of an opioid obtained in a nonmedical context (i.e., not from a pharmacy or in a healthcare setting)
3. Able to understand and communicate in written and spoken English.

Justification: Initial development of the OpiTLFB requires strong, unmediated communication between the study team and the participants. Further development and modification for non-English-speaking interviewees is best undertaken as a separate project when the OpiTLFB is ready for use.
4. Ability of subject to understand and the willingness to sign a written informed consent document.

Exclusion Criteria

1\. Any medical, psychiatric, or social conditions that the investigators believe would make participation in this protocol not in the best interest of the participant.
Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

99 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sponsors

Meet the organizations funding or collaborating on the study and learn about their roles.

National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)

NIH

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

Identify the individual or organization who holds primary responsibility for the study information submitted to regulators.

Responsibility Role SPONSOR

Principal Investigators

Learn about the lead researchers overseeing the trial and their institutional affiliations.

David H Epstein, Ph.D.

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)

Locations

Explore where the study is taking place and check the recruitment status at each participating site.

National Institute on Drug Abuse

Baltimore, Maryland, United States

Site Status

Countries

Review the countries where the study has at least one active or historical site.

United States

Other Identifiers

Review additional registry numbers or institutional identifiers associated with this trial.

002297-DA

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: secondary_id

10002297

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id