Reducing Symptoms of Depression, Stress and Anxiety and Enhancing Positive Mental Health: a Randomized-controlled Study of the Positive Emotions Training

NCT ID: NCT06851637

Last Updated: 2025-02-28

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: COMPLETED
• Clinical Phase: NA
• Total Enrollment: 297 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2022-11-03
• Study Completion Date: 2023-05-04

Brief Summary

Based on the results of the previously published paper "Positive Emotions Training (PoET) as an online intervention to improve mental health: a feasibility study" (Niemann et al., 2023) the goal of this study was to examine the effects of the "Positive Emotions Training" on mental health in a randomized-controlled study. Furthermore, possible predictors for the efficacy of PoET are to be explored.

Hypotheses:

1. It was hypothesized that participants receiving PoET would show a significant increase in positive mental health factors at the second assessment point (T2) at end of the second training day.

2. Furthermore, participants receiving PoET are to be expected to show a significant decrease in depression, anxiety and stress symptoms at T2.

3. It was hypothesized that the changes in mental health factors remain stable up to the last assessment point (T3) three month after the training.

4. Lastly, it was hypothesized that there would be no significant changes in the positive or negative mental health factors in the control group at T2 and T3.

5. The possible predictors of the training's efficacy were not hypothesized, but examined in exploratory investigations.

Methods:

The final sample was n = 207 with n = 90 in the PoET group and n = 117 in the control. The control group did not receive any intervention in the experimental period, but was offered to participate in a later PoET. The allocation was randomized. Participants in the PoET group completed two online training sessions (3 hours each) via Zoom. Group size was about 25-30 people. The sessions included the following positive psychology constructs: happiness, humour, optimism, loving kindness and gratitude on the first day, and hope, self-efficacy, meaningfulness, forgiveness and resilience on the second day. All participants completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the first training session, at the end of the second one as well as three months after the second session. Participants were given an exercise booklet for all exercises (during the training sessions and at home). The one-week break between the two sessions was advertised as a "7-day-challenge" to improve the motivation in participants to exercise at home.

Data was collected pseudonymised via "qualtrics". Data analyses were conducted with RStudio. For the possible effects of PoET on mental health two-factorial repeated measures ANOVAs were conducted. For the exploration of possible predictors for the efficacy of the training, a hierarchical regression was conducted.

Conditions

Positive Emotions; Mental Health; Intervention (Training) Condition; Randomized Controlled Study; General Population (no Specific Condition or Disease)

Study Design

• Allocation Method: RANDOMIZED
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Primary Study Purpose: TREATMENT
• Blinding Strategy: NONE

Study Groups

PoET group

Participants of this arm received the PoET online training within two sessions. They filled out a whole of three questionnaires.

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

PoET

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

Participants in the PoET group completed two online training sessions (3 hours each) via Zoom. Group size was about 25-30 people. The sessions included the following positive psychology constructs: happiness, humour, optimism, loving kindness and gratitude on the first day, and hope, self-efficacy, meaningfulness, forgiveness and resilience on the second day.

Control group

Participants did not receive any treatment initially, but were offered to participate in a later PoET training as compensation. They filled out a whole of three questionnaires.

Group Type: NO_INTERVENTION

No interventions assigned to this group

Interventions

PoET

Participants in the PoET group completed two online training sessions (3 hours each) via Zoom. Group size was about 25-30 people. The sessions included the following positive psychology constructs: happiness, humour, optimism, loving kindness and gratitude on the first day, and hope, self-efficacy, meaningfulness, forgiveness and resilience on the second day.

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• legal age (18), ability to use Zoom and all associated technology

Exclusion Criteria

• none

• Minimum Eligible Age: 18 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Sponsors

Ruhr University of Bochum

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Lara Steinmann

Master of Science (M. Sc.) in Clinical Psychology

Responsibility Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

Christina Bartnick (born Totzeck), PhD

Role: STUDY_DIRECTOR

Ruhr-University Bochum

Locations

Ruhr-University Bochum

Bochum, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany

Countries

Germany

References

Niemann L, von Gruner C, Zhang XC, Margraf J, Totzeck C. Positive Emotions Training (PoET) as an online intervention to improve mental health: a feasibility study. BMC Public Health. 2023 Aug 14;23(1):1543. doi: 10.1186/s12889-023-16424-x.

Reference Type: BACKGROUND

PMID: 37580658 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

PoET102

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id