Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation on Muscle Protein Synthesis
NCT ID: NCT06746389
Last Updated: 2024-12-24
Study Results
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Basic Information
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COMPLETED
PHASE2
18 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
2020-10-08
2024-10-23
Brief Summary
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Methods: Participants will consume either a placebo (sucrose) or the intervention (vitamin D3, 3000IU/day) for 12 weeks in a double-blinded randomised study. Before and after the intervention participants will have body composition measured. Blood and muscle samples will be taken before and after a bout of exercise and ingestion of 20 g protein in order to measure MPS.
Detailed Description
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25-hydroxyvitamin-D (25OHD) is the primary circulating metabolite and reference measurement for vitamin D status. This may then either be converted to 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (24,25OHD) to prevent intoxication \[4\] or be activated in the kidneys to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25OHD)\[5\].
Evidence support a biological role for 1,25OHD in skeletal muscle\[1-4,7\]. With focus on muscle hypertrophy, a study demonstrated that 25OHD can also be activated to 1,25OHD in myotubes\[8\] and promote cell proliferation, growth and differentiation of myocytes in in vitro skeletal muscle cells\[7,9-13\]. The mechanisms proposed include (i) gene expression of endocytic receptors for vitamin D binding protein (VDP) (megalin/cubulin) on the muscle cell surface membrane and (ii) high affinity for VDP to bind to actin inside the muscle cell. Furthermore, epidemiological studies support a positive role for vitamin D in human muscle function\[14-21\] and mechanistic studies implicate intracellular 25OHD in the regulation of protein metabolism. Cell culture and in vivo animal models demonstrate that 25OHD activates anabolic cell signalling proteins of the mTORC1 pathway in response to anabolic stimuli\[21,22\], which translates into an increased stimulation of muscle protein synthesis\[17\]. Despite these exciting results from cell culture and in vivo animal studies, no study has replicated these findings in in vivo human models.
The length of the intervention in studies investigating the effects of vitamin D supplementation on muscle health outcomes and MPS varies between studies; however, evidence supports improvements in fast-twitch muscle fibres in elderly women\[18\], muscle strength in humans and animals and an increased in MPS in rats and mice following a minimum of 12 weeks intervention \[22\]. Thus, this study plans to have 12 weeks of intervention to ensure there is sufficient time for a physiologically effect to take place. Seasonal variations in blood 25OHD concentrations have been evaluated in Caucasians residing in Northern Ireland\[4\]. Thirty-four percent were deficient (\<25nmol/L) in winter months\[4\]; however, despite insufficient sunlight in winter to synthesise vitamin D in skin, a significant proportion of a population resident in the same latitude, in Scotland, maintained blood 25OHD concentrations \>50nmol/L\[6\]. These data and a recent review\[8\] suggest that humans have evolved a storage mechanism, which allows 25OHD, produced in the summer, to be conserved and used more efficiently in winter.
Conditions
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Keywords
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Study Design
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RANDOMIZED
PARALLEL
TREATMENT
TRIPLE
Study Groups
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Vitamin D
3000 IU/Day 12 weeks
3000 IU per Day Spray
Effects of vitamin D supplementation vs placebo on MPS in response to exercise and feeding
Placebo
Placebo one/day 12 weeks
3000 IU per Day Spray
Effects of vitamin D supplementation vs placebo on MPS in response to exercise and feeding
Interventions
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3000 IU per Day Spray
Effects of vitamin D supplementation vs placebo on MPS in response to exercise and feeding
Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria
* Sedentary and moderately active (NDNS)
Exclusion Criteria
* Very active (NDNS)
* On medication apart from contraceptive pill
* Not taking vitamin supplementation for 30 days before enrolling
* Not having been exposed to the sun (synthesising months - any country) in the previous 30 days
18 Years
45 Years
ALL
Yes
Sponsors
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The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston
OTHER
Wageningen University
OTHER
University of Exeter
OTHER
Responsible Party
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Principal Investigators
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Raquel Revuelta Iniesta, PhD
Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
University of Exeter
Locations
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University of Exeter
Exeter, Devon, United Kingdom
Countries
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References
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Tieland M, Brouwer-Brolsma EM, Nienaber-Rousseau C, van Loon LJ, De Groot LC. Low vitamin D status is associated with reduced muscle mass and impaired physical performance in frail elderly people. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2013 Oct;67(10):1050-5. doi: 10.1038/ejcn.2013.144. Epub 2013 Aug 14.
Vignale K, Greene ES, Caldas JV, England JA, Boonsinchai N, Sodsee P, Pollock ED, Dridi S, Coon CN. 25-Hydroxycholecalciferol Enhances Male Broiler Breast Meat Yield through the mTOR Pathway. J Nutr. 2015 May;145(5):855-63. doi: 10.3945/jn.114.207936. Epub 2015 Mar 18.
Salles J, Chanet A, Giraudet C, Patrac V, Pierre P, Jourdan M, Luiking YC, Verlaan S, Migne C, Boirie Y, Walrand S. 1,25(OH)2-vitamin D3 enhances the stimulating effect of leucine and insulin on protein synthesis rate through Akt/PKB and mTOR mediated pathways in murine C2C12 skeletal myotubes. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2013 Dec;57(12):2137-46. doi: 10.1002/mnfr.201300074. Epub 2013 Aug 9.
Chiang CM, Ismaeel A, Griffis RB, Weems S. Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation on Muscle Strength in Athletes: A Systematic Review. J Strength Cond Res. 2017 Feb;31(2):566-574. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000001518.
Beals JW, Sukiennik RA, Nallabelli J, Emmons RS, van Vliet S, Young JR, Ulanov AV, Li Z, Paluska SA, De Lisio M, Burd NA. Anabolic sensitivity of postprandial muscle protein synthesis to the ingestion of a protein-dense food is reduced in overweight and obese young adults. Am J Clin Nutr. 2016 Oct;104(4):1014-1022. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.116.130385. Epub 2016 Sep 7.
Montenegro KR, Cruzat V, Carlessi R, Newsholme P. Mechanisms of vitamin D action in skeletal muscle. Nutr Res Rev. 2019 Dec;32(2):192-204. doi: 10.1017/S0954422419000064. Epub 2019 Jun 17.
van Vliet S, Fappi A, Reeds DN, Mittendorfer B. No independent or combined effects of vitamin D and conjugated linoleic acids on muscle protein synthesis in older adults: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 2020 Nov 11;112(5):1382-1389. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/nqaa240.
Holick MF. High prevalence of vitamin D inadequacy and implications for health. Mayo Clin Proc. 2006 Mar;81(3):353-73. doi: 10.4065/81.3.353.
SANC. (2007) Update on Vitamin D: Position Statement by the Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition. London: TSO
Mann CJ, Perdiguero E, Kharraz Y, Aguilar S, Pessina P, Serrano AL, Munoz-Canoves P. Aberrant repair and fibrosis development in skeletal muscle. Skelet Muscle. 2011 May 4;1(1):21. doi: 10.1186/2044-5040-1-21.
Relaix F, Zammit PS. Satellite cells are essential for skeletal muscle regeneration: the cell on the edge returns centre stage. Development. 2012 Aug;139(16):2845-56. doi: 10.1242/dev.069088.
Owens DJ, Sharples AP, Polydorou I, Alwan N, Donovan T, Tang J, Fraser WD, Cooper RG, Morton JP, Stewart C, Close GL. A systems-based investigation into vitamin D and skeletal muscle repair, regeneration, and hypertrophy. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2015 Dec 15;309(12):E1019-31. doi: 10.1152/ajpendo.00375.2015. Epub 2015 Oct 27.
Study Documents
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Document Type: Protocol and ethics can be shared on request
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The overarching aim of this project is to investigate if vitamin D supplementation can increase muscle mass and strength and to explore if the cellular pathways identified in healthy individuals
Other Identifiers
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201021/B/03
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id