Single Case Research Design: Teacher Outcomes

NCT ID: NCT06729177

Last Updated: 2025-12-19

Study Results

Results available

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Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

4 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2024-08-23

Study Completion Date

2025-09-30

Brief Summary

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This study examines whether a professional development program helps teachers implement Strategic and Interactive Signing Instruction (SISI) with higher fidelity. The training includes review of an intervention manual, live modeling of SISI components, and discussion of implementation expectations. Teacher fidelity is evaluated with the Strategic and Interactive Signing Instruction Fidelity Tool, which rates the extent to which core components are used during a intervention session. The study also documents how often teachers receive additional support (e.g., coaching) to understand which procedures help strengthen implementation.

Detailed Description

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This project uses a nonconcurrent multiple-baseline design across four teachers who serve deaf children in a deaf education program. The goal is to examine changes in teachers' SISI implementation fidelity following training and coaching.

At baseline, the PI observes each teacher's typical language arts instruction using the SISI Fidelity Tool. Three stable data points are collected for each teacher before intervention. Every SISI component is scored as 1 (fully implemented), 0.5 (partially implemented), or 0 (not implemented), and then summarized as a percentage of components implemented.

After baseline, the PI provides a two-day training in SISI procedures. Teachers then begin implementing SISI in a staggered fashion: Teacher 1 starts immediately after training for three weeks; Teacher 2 begins in Week 4; Teachers 3 and 4 begin in Weeks 7 and 10. All instructional sessions are video-recorded and uploaded to a cloud platform, where the PI and a second rater review them for daily fidelity monitoring.

Throughout the study, the PI offers coaching as needed to support implementation. The PI also tracks children's progress on their individually targeted sign language skills to confirm that intervention adjustments are appropriate and timely. If implementation challenges arise or if data collection procedures are insufficiently clear or consistent, refinements may be made. Any refinements are put in place immediately and monitored for their influence on teacher fidelity and the feasibility of study procedures.

Conditions

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Teacher Practice

Keywords

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Sign Language Deaf Teacher Training

Study Design

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Allocation Method

NON_RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

CROSSOVER

This research uses the noncurrent multiple baseline design across teacher participants.
Primary Study Purpose

TREATMENT

Blinding Strategy

NONE

Study Groups

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Single Case Research Design: Teacher 1

The PI worked with teachers to increase SISI implementation fidelity using a nonconcurrent multiple-baseline design across teacher participants. Four teachers who served deaf children were recruited from a school for the deaf. The SISI Fidelity Tool was used to observe teachers' business-as-usual language arts instruction and to establish three stable baseline data points for each teacher. Each SISI component was scored as 1 (fully implemented), 0.5 (partially implemented), or 0 (not implemented) and reported as the percentage of components implemented.

After baseline observations were completed, the PI provided a two-day training on SISI implementation. Teacher 1 began implementing SISI for three weeks following the training, Teacher 2 began in Week 4, and Teachers 3 and 4 began in Weeks 7 and 10, respectively.

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Strategic and Interactive Signing Instruction

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Evidence-based instructional methods, grounded in cognitive, sociocultural, and linguistic theories, are applied to interventions that support sign language development in deaf children.

Single Case Research Design: Teacher 2

The PI worked with teachers to increase SISI implementation fidelity using a nonconcurrent multiple-baseline design across teacher participants. Four teachers who served deaf children were recruited from a school for the deaf. The SISI Fidelity Tool was used to observe teachers' business-as-usual language arts instruction and to establish three stable baseline data points for each teacher. Each SISI component was scored as 1 (fully implemented), 0.5 (partially implemented), or 0 (not implemented) and reported as the percentage of components implemented.

After baseline observations were completed, the PI provided a two-day training on SISI implementation. Teacher 1 began implementing SISI for three weeks following the training, Teacher 2 began in Week 4, and Teachers 3 and 4 began in Weeks 7 and 10, respectively.

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Strategic and Interactive Signing Instruction

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Evidence-based instructional methods, grounded in cognitive, sociocultural, and linguistic theories, are applied to interventions that support sign language development in deaf children.

Single Case Research Design: Teacher 3

The PI worked with teachers to increase SISI implementation fidelity using a nonconcurrent multiple-baseline design across teacher participants. Four teachers who served deaf children were recruited from a school for the deaf. The SISI Fidelity Tool was used to observe teachers' business-as-usual language arts instruction and to establish three stable baseline data points for each teacher. Each SISI component was scored as 1 (fully implemented), 0.5 (partially implemented), or 0 (not implemented) and reported as the percentage of components implemented.

After baseline observations were completed, the PI provided a two-day training on SISI implementation. Teacher 1 began implementing SISI for three weeks following the training, Teacher 2 began in Week 4, and Teachers 3 and 4 began in Weeks 7 and 10, respectively.

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Strategic and Interactive Signing Instruction

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Evidence-based instructional methods, grounded in cognitive, sociocultural, and linguistic theories, are applied to interventions that support sign language development in deaf children.

Single Case Research Design: Teacher 4

The PI worked with teachers to increase SISI implementation fidelity using a nonconcurrent multiple-baseline design across teacher participants. Four teachers who served deaf children were recruited from a school for the deaf. The SISI Fidelity Tool was used to observe teachers' business-as-usual language arts instruction and to establish three stable baseline data points for each teacher. Each SISI component was scored as 1 (fully implemented), 0.5 (partially implemented), or 0 (not implemented) and reported as the percentage of components implemented.

After baseline observations were completed, the PI provided a two-day training on SISI implementation. Teacher 1 began implementing SISI for three weeks following the training, Teacher 2 began in Week 4, and Teachers 3 and 4 began in Weeks 7 and 10, respectively.

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Strategic and Interactive Signing Instruction

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Evidence-based instructional methods, grounded in cognitive, sociocultural, and linguistic theories, are applied to interventions that support sign language development in deaf children.

Interventions

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Strategic and Interactive Signing Instruction

Evidence-based instructional methods, grounded in cognitive, sociocultural, and linguistic theories, are applied to interventions that support sign language development in deaf children.

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* Teachers of the deaf working in a school for the deaf across kindergarten to 3rd grade levels

Exclusion Criteria

* Not teachers of the deaf working in a school for the deaf across kindergarten to 3rd grade levels
Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

99 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Sponsors

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National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD)

NIH

Sponsor Role collaborator

The University of Tennessee, Knoxville

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Responsibility Role SPONSOR

Principal Investigators

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Leala Holcomb, PhD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Center of Deafness

Locations

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University of Tennessee, Knoxville

Knoxville, Tennessee, United States

Site Status

Countries

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United States

Provided Documents

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Document Type: Study Protocol, Statistical Analysis Plan, and Informed Consent Form

View Document

Other Identifiers

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1R21DC021024-01A1

Identifier Type: NIH

Identifier Source: secondary_id

View Link

514092

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id