Testing a Standardized Approach to Surgery and Chemotherapy for Type I Pleuropulmonary Blastoma or the Addition of an Anti-cancer Drug, Topotecan, to the Usual Treatment for Types II and III Pleuropulmonary Blastoma
NCT ID: NCT06647953
Last Updated: 2025-12-22
Study Results
The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.
Basic Information
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RECRUITING
PHASE3
110 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
2025-03-21
2029-03-31
Brief Summary
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Historically, most children with type I PPB had surgery and approximately 40% of children with type I PPB received chemotherapy following their surgery, usually for 22-42 weeks. There has not been a consistent standard for which children with type I PPB receive chemotherapy after surgery. For patients whose tumor has been removed completely with surgery, observation without chemotherapy may work as well as giving chemotherapy after surgery in preventing a return of the PPB tumor.
The standard chemotherapy for patients with types II or III PPB in the United States is four cycles of IVADo (ifosfamide, vincristine, dactinomycin, and doxorubicin) followed by 8 cycles of IVA (ifosfamide, vincristine and dactinomycin). Ifosfamide is in a class of medications called alkylating agents. It works by slowing or stopping the growth of tumor cells in the body. Vincristine is in a class of medications called vinca alkaloids. It works by stopping tumor cells from growing and dividing and may kill them. Dactinomycin is a type of antibiotic that is only used in cancer chemotherapy (antineoplastic antibiotic). It works by damaging the cell's deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and may kill tumor cells. Doxorubicin is in a class of medications called anthracyclines. Doxorubicin damages the cell's DNA and may kill tumor cells. It also blocks a certain enzyme needed for cell division and DNA repair. Topotecan is in a class of medications called topoisomerase I inhibitors. It works by interfering with tumor cell DNA which kills them. Giving topotecan in addition to standard IVADo and IVA chemotherapy regimens may shrink the cancer as well as or better than the standard therapy or could decrease the chance the tumor spreads while causing fewer side effects.
Detailed Description
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I. To determine the overall response rate (complete response \[CR\] + partial response \[PR\]) to 2 cycles of window therapy with vincristine, topotecan and cyclophosphamide in children with Types II and III pleuropulmonary blastoma (PPB) using Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) criteria.
SECONDARY OBJECTIVES:
I. To estimate 3-year progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in children with Types II and III PPB.
II. To estimate 3-year PFS and OS in children with Type I PPB treated with surgery or surgery and chemotherapy using standardized guidelines.
EXPLORATORY OBJECTIVES:
I. To assess primary resection rate in children with Types I, II and III PPB using central radiology review and standardized surgical guidelines.
II. To assess surgical complications among those undergoing primary resection versus (vs.) biopsy followed by neoadjuvant chemotherapy for Types II and III PPB.
III. To establish a new cohort of prospectively treated children with newly diagnosed PPB which will serve as a comparison group for future novel agent trials.
IV. To evaluate toxicities in children treated for PPB including late cardiopulmonary toxicity.
V. To evaluate the molecular genetics/epigenetics of PPB and correlate with outcomes.
VI. To collect tumor tissue and serial blood samples for tumor profiling, liquid biopsies, and future correlative biology studies.
OUTLINE: Patients are assigned to 1 of 2 groups. For both groups, tumor tissue is centrally reviewed by a study pathologist. Blood samples are collected at specific clinical timepoints.
GROUP I (TYPE I/Ir PPB): Patients \< 5 years old with Type I PPB whose tumor was not able to be completely removed by surgery are assigned to Arm 1. All other patients are assigned to Arm 2.
ARM 1 (VAC1200/VA REGIMEN): Patients receive vincristine intravenously (IV) on days 1, 8, and 15 of cycles 1-3 and 5-7, dactinomycin IV over 1-5 or 10-15 minutes on day 1 of each cycle, and cyclophosphamide IV over 30-60 minutes on day 1 of cycles 1-4. Cycles repeat every 21 days for 8 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients also undergo blood sample collection, computed tomography (CT) and ultrasound throughout the study.
ARM 2: Patients undergo observation on study. This includes blood sample collection, chest CT, and ultrasound throughout the study.
GROUP II: (TYPE II/III PPB):
CYCLES 1-2 (VTC400 REGIMEN): Patients receive vincristine IV on days 1, 8, and 15 of each cycle, topotecan IV over 30 minutes on days 1-5 of each cycle, and cyclophosphamide IV over 15-30 minutes on days 1-5 of each cycle. Cycles repeat every 21 days for 2 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients also undergo multi-gated acquisition (MUGA) or echocardiography (ECHO), positron emission tomography (PET) or bone scan, CT, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and blood sample collection throughout the study.
Patients with complete response, partial response, or stable disease after cycle 2 are assigned to Arm 3. Patients with disease progression after cycle 2 are assigned to Arm 4. Patients also undergo surgery and radiation therapy as clinically indicated.
ARM 3:
CYCLES 3-6 (IVADo REGIMEN): Patients receive vincristine IV on day 1 of each cycle, dactinomycin IV over 1-5 or 10-15 minutes on day 1 of each cycle, ifosfamide IV over 3 hours on days 1-2 of each cycle, dexrazoxane IV over 5-15 minutes on days 1-2 of each cycle, and doxorubicin IV over 3-15 minutes on days 1-2 of each cycle. Cycles repeat every 21 days for 4 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
CYCLES 7, 9, 11 (VTC250 REGIMEN): Patients receive vincristine IV on days 1, 8, and 15 of each cycle, topotecan IV over 30 minutes on days 1-5 of each cycle, and cyclophosphamide IV over 15-30 minutes on days 1-5 of each cycle. Treatment continues for 21 days every odd cycle for 3 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
CYCLES 8, 10, 12 (VAC1200 REGIMEN): Patients receive vincristine IV on day 1 of each cycle, dactinomycin IV over 1-5 or 10-15 minutes on day 1 of each cycle, and cyclophosphamide IV over 30-60 minutes on day 1 of each cycle. Treatment continues for 21 days every even cycle for 3 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
ARM 4:
CYCLES 3-6 (IVADo REGIMEN): Patients receive vincristine IV on day 1 of each cycle, dactinomycin IV over 1-5 or 10-15 minutes on day 1 of each cycle, ifosfamide IV over 3 hours on days 1-2 of each cycle, dexrazoxane IV over 5-15 minutes on days 1-2 of each cycle, and doxorubicin IV over 3-15 minutes on days 1-2 of each cycle. Cycles repeat every 21 days for 4 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
CYCLES 7-12 (IVA REGIMEN): Patients receive vincristine IV on day 1 of each cycle, dactinomycin IV over 1-5 or 10-15 minutes on day 1 of each cycle, and ifosfamide IV over 3 hours on day 1 of each cycle. Cycles repeat every 21 days for 6 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
After completion of study treatment, patients are followed every 3 months for 24 months, then every 6 months until 5 years.
Conditions
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Study Design
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NON_RANDOMIZED
SEQUENTIAL
TREATMENT
NONE
Study Groups
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Group I, Arm 1 (VAC1200/VA regimen)
Patients receive vincristine IV on days 1, 8, and 15 of cycles 1-3 and 5-7, dactinomycin IV over 1-5 or 10-15 minutes on day 1 of each cycle, and cyclophosphamide IV over 30-60 minutes on day 1 of cycles 1-4. Cycles repeat every 21 days for 8 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Tumor tissue is collected and centrally reviewed by a study pathologist. Patients also undergo blood sample collection, CT and ultrasound throughout the study.
Biospecimen Collection
Undergo collection of blood samples
Biospecimen Collection
Tumor tissue is collected and centrally reviewed by a study pathologist
Computed Tomography
Undergo CT
Cyclophosphamide
Given IV
Dactinomycin
Given IV
Ultrasound Imaging
Undergo ultrasound
Vincristine
Given IV
Group I, Arm 2 (observation)
Patients undergo observation on study. This includes tumor tissue collection and review by a study pathologist, and blood sample collection, chest CT, and ultrasound throughout the study.
Biospecimen Collection
Undergo collection of blood samples
Biospecimen Collection
Tumor tissue is collected and centrally reviewed by a study pathologist
Computed Tomography
Undergo CT
Patient Observation
Undergo observation
Ultrasound Imaging
Undergo ultrasound
Group II, Arm 3 (VTC400, IVADo, VTC250, VAC1200 regimens)
See Detailed Description for Group II, Arm 3.
Biospecimen Collection
Undergo collection of blood samples
Biospecimen Collection
Tumor tissue is collected and centrally reviewed by a study pathologist
Bone Scan
Undergo bone scan
Computed Tomography
Undergo CT
Cyclophosphamide
Given IV
Dactinomycin
Given IV
Dexrazoxane
Given IV
Doxorubicin
Given IV
Echocardiography Test
Undergo ECHO
Ifosfamide
Given IV
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Undergo MRI
Multigated Acquisition Scan
Undergo MUGA
Positron Emission Tomography
Undergo PET
Topotecan
Given IV
Vincristine
Given IV
Group II, Arm 4 (VTC400, IVADo, IVA regimens)
See Detailed Description for Group II, Arm 4.
Biospecimen Collection
Undergo collection of blood samples
Biospecimen Collection
Tumor tissue is collected and centrally reviewed by a study pathologist
Bone Scan
Undergo bone scan
Computed Tomography
Undergo CT
Cyclophosphamide
Given IV
Dactinomycin
Given IV
Dexrazoxane
Given IV
Doxorubicin
Given IV
Echocardiography Test
Undergo ECHO
Ifosfamide
Given IV
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Undergo MRI
Multigated Acquisition Scan
Undergo MUGA
Positron Emission Tomography
Undergo PET
Topotecan
Given IV
Vincristine
Given IV
Interventions
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Biospecimen Collection
Undergo collection of blood samples
Biospecimen Collection
Tumor tissue is collected and centrally reviewed by a study pathologist
Bone Scan
Undergo bone scan
Computed Tomography
Undergo CT
Cyclophosphamide
Given IV
Dactinomycin
Given IV
Dexrazoxane
Given IV
Doxorubicin
Given IV
Echocardiography Test
Undergo ECHO
Ifosfamide
Given IV
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Undergo MRI
Multigated Acquisition Scan
Undergo MUGA
Patient Observation
Undergo observation
Positron Emission Tomography
Undergo PET
Topotecan
Given IV
Ultrasound Imaging
Undergo ultrasound
Vincristine
Given IV
Other Intervention Names
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria
* Newly diagnosed PPB. Note that patients with known germline DICER1 variant or mosaicism with a large, solid unresectable thoracic mass with imaging features characteristic for Type II or III PPB are eligible without histologic confirmation of the diagnosis if a biopsy of the mass is not considered safe or feasible
* Individuals are eligible based on institutional diagnosis of Type I, Ir, II or III PPB diagnosed within 60 days prior to enrollment. Children with Type II or III PPB at risk for clinical decompensation may receive protocol therapy while awaiting rapid central pathology review. Children with Type I or Ir PPB will be assigned to chemotherapy vs. observation based on imaging and central pathology review diagnosis. Type I and Ir patients should not begin chemotherapy prior to return of central pathology results
* For patients with Type II or III PPB (within 7 days prior to enrollment): A serum creatinine based on age/sex as follows:
* Age: 1 month to \< 6 months - Maximum Serum Creatinine (mg/dL): 0.4 (Male), 0.4 (Female)
* Age: 6 months to \< 1 year - Maximum Serum Creatinine (mg/dL): 0.5 (Male), 0.5 (Female)
* Age: 1 to \< 2 years - Maximum Serum Creatinine (mg/dL): 0.6 (Male), 0.6 (Female)
* Age: 2 to \< 6 years - Maximum Serum Creatinine (mg/dL): 0.8 (Male), 0.8 (Female)
* Age: 6 to \< 10 years - Maximum Serum Creatinine (mg/dL): 1 (Male), 1 (Female)
* Age: 10 to \< 13 years - Maximum Serum Creatinine (mg/dL): 1.2 (Male), 1.2 (Female)
* Age: 13 to \< 16 years - Maximum Serum Creatinine (mg/dL): 1.5 (Male), 1.4 (Female)
* Age: ≥ 16 years - Maximum Serum Creatinine (mg/dL): 1.7 (Male), 1.4 (Female) OR - A 24 hour urine creatinine clearance ≥ 60 mL/min/1.73 m\^2 OR - A glomerular filtration rate (GFR) ≥ 60 mL/min/1.73 m\^2. GFR must be performed using direct measurement with a nuclear blood sampling method OR direct small molecule clearance method (iothalamate or other molecule per institutional standard)
* Note: Estimated GFR (eGFR) from serum creatinine, cystatin C or other estimates are not acceptable for determining eligibility
* For patients with Type II or III PPB (within 7 days prior to enrollment): Total bilirubin ≤ 1.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN) for age
* For patients with Type II or III PPB (within 7 days prior to enrollment): Serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) (alanine aminotransferase \[ALT\]) ≤ 135 U/L
* Note: For the purpose of this study, the ULN for SGPT (ALT) has been set to the value of 45 U/L
* Shortening fraction of ≥ 27% by echocardiogram, or ejection fraction of ≥ 50% by radionuclide angiogram (within 21 days prior to start of protocol therapy)
* HIV-infected patients on effective anti-retroviral therapy with undetectable viral load within 6 months are eligible as long as they are NOT receiving anti-retroviral agents that are strong inhibitors or inducers of CYP3A4
Exclusion Criteria
* Patients with known Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease
* Female patients who are pregnant since fetal toxicities and teratogenic effects have been noted for several of the study drugs. A pregnancy test is required for female patients of childbearing potential
* Lactating females who plan to breastfeed their infants
* Sexually active patients of reproductive potential who have not agreed to use an effective contraceptive method for the duration of their study participation
* All patients and/or their parents or legal guardians must sign a written informed consent
* All institutional, Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and National Cancer Institute (NCI) requirements for human studies must be met
21 Years
ALL
No
Sponsors
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Children's Oncology Group
NETWORK
Responsible Party
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Principal Investigators
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Kris Ann P Schultz
Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
Children's Oncology Group
Locations
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Children's Hospital of Alabama
Birmingham, Alabama, United States
Phoenix Childrens Hospital
Phoenix, Arizona, United States
Arkansas Children's Hospital
Little Rock, Arkansas, United States
Loma Linda University Medical Center
Loma Linda, California, United States
Valley Children's Hospital
Madera, California, United States
Kaiser Permanente-Oakland
Oakland, California, United States
Children's Hospital Colorado
Aurora, Colorado, United States
Rocky Mountain Hospital for Children-Presbyterian Saint Luke's Medical Center
Denver, Colorado, United States
Alfred I duPont Hospital for Children
Wilmington, Delaware, United States
Children's National Medical Center
Washington D.C., District of Columbia, United States
Golisano Children's Hospital of Southwest Florida
Fort Myers, Florida, United States
Nemours Children's Clinic-Jacksonville
Jacksonville, Florida, United States
Nicklaus Children's Hospital
Miami, Florida, United States
Arnold Palmer Hospital for Children
Orlando, Florida, United States
Nemours Children's Hospital
Orlando, Florida, United States
Nemours Children's Clinic - Pensacola
Pensacola, Florida, United States
Saint Joseph's Hospital/Children's Hospital-Tampa
Tampa, Florida, United States
Children's Healthcare of Atlanta - Arthur M Blank Hospital
Atlanta, Georgia, United States
Lurie Children's Hospital-Chicago
Chicago, Illinois, United States
Riley Hospital for Children
Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
University of Iowa/Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center
Iowa City, Iowa, United States
University of Kentucky/Markey Cancer Center
Lexington, Kentucky, United States
Norton Children's Hospital
Louisville, Kentucky, United States
Children's Hospital New Orleans
New Orleans, Louisiana, United States
Johns Hopkins University/Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center
Baltimore, Maryland, United States
Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
Boston, Massachusetts, United States
C S Mott Children's Hospital
Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
Children's Hospital of Michigan
Detroit, Michigan, United States
Corewell Health Grand Rapids Hospitals - Helen DeVos Children's Hospital
Grand Rapids, Michigan, United States
Bronson Methodist Hospital
Kalamazoo, Michigan, United States
Children's Hospitals and Clinics of Minnesota - Minneapolis
Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States
Mayo Clinic in Rochester
Rochester, Minnesota, United States
University of Mississippi Medical Center
Jackson, Mississippi, United States
Children's Mercy Hospitals and Clinics
Kansas City, Missouri, United States
Washington University School of Medicine
St Louis, Missouri, United States
Children's Hospital and Medical Center of Omaha
Omaha, Nebraska, United States
University of Nebraska Medical Center
Omaha, Nebraska, United States
Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey-Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital
New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States
Saint Joseph's Regional Medical Center
Paterson, New Jersey, United States
Albany Medical Center
Albany, New York, United States
The Steven and Alexandra Cohen Children's Medical Center of New York
New Hyde Park, New York, United States
Montefiore Medical Center - Moses Campus
The Bronx, New York, United States
New York Medical College
Valhalla, New York, United States
UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center
Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States
Duke University Medical Center
Durham, North Carolina, United States
Sanford Broadway Medical Center
Fargo, North Dakota, United States
Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center
Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
Rainbow Babies and Childrens Hospital
Cleveland, Ohio, United States
Nationwide Children's Hospital
Columbus, Ohio, United States
Dayton Children's Hospital
Dayton, Ohio, United States
University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center
Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States
Oregon Health and Science University
Portland, Oregon, United States
Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
BI-LO Charities Children's Cancer Center
Greenville, South Carolina, United States
Saint Jude Children's Research Hospital
Memphis, Tennessee, United States
The Children's Hospital at TriStar Centennial
Nashville, Tennessee, United States
Dell Children's Medical Center of Central Texas
Austin, Texas, United States
UT Southwestern/Simmons Cancer Center-Dallas
Dallas, Texas, United States
Covenant Children's Hospital
Lubbock, Texas, United States
Children's Hospital of San Antonio
San Antonio, Texas, United States
Methodist Children's Hospital of South Texas
San Antonio, Texas, United States
Primary Children's Hospital
Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
University of Virginia Cancer Center
Charlottesville, Virginia, United States
Children's Hospital of The King's Daughters
Norfolk, Virginia, United States
Seattle Children's Hospital
Seattle, Washington, United States
Providence Sacred Heart Medical Center and Children's Hospital
Spokane, Washington, United States
University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center - University Hospital
Madison, Wisconsin, United States
IWK Health Centre
Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine
Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke-Fleurimont
Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
CHU de Quebec-Centre Hospitalier de l'Universite Laval (CHUL)
Québec, , Canada
Countries
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Facility Contacts
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Other Identifiers
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ARAR2331
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id
NCI-2024-08232
Identifier Type: REGISTRY
Identifier Source: secondary_id
ARAR2331
Identifier Type: OTHER
Identifier Source: secondary_id
ARAR2331
Identifier Type: OTHER
Identifier Source: secondary_id