The Effects of Insomnia Treatment on Overnight Regulation of Emotional Memories and Risk for Mental Disorders

NCT ID: NCT06567210

Last Updated: 2025-11-26

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

RECRUITING

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

98 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2026-01-06

Study Completion Date

2030-06-30

Brief Summary

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This project aims to elucidate whether CBCTi changes symptom severity or even remission of anxiety disorders as compared with a delayed-start control group. The investigators will use a delayed-start randomized controlled trial in a cohort of individuals with anxiety and insomnia (N=98) to compare the effects of an online therapist-guided cognitive behavioural and circadian therapy for insomnia versus control on overnight emotion regulation and mental health outcomes.

The project will involve at-home assessments and in-lab visits. At-home assessment involves recording sleep and circadian rhythm measures with wearables and daily diaries. Participants will be invited to perform two sleep studies and neuroimaging sessions to investigate the effects of CBCTi on neuroimaging and psychophysiological markers of overnight regulation of emotional distress.

Detailed Description

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This study is a delayed-start randomized controlled trial comparing the effects of online therapist-guided cognitive behavioural and circadian therapy for insomnia (CBCTi) versus control on emotional regulation and mental health outcomes.

To be enrolled in the study, the participants are required to complete an online prescreening survey followed by a telephone screening interview with further questions and to verbally explain to participants what is required of them in this study. After an interview screening, the participants will receive a finger-pulse oximeter by mail to screen for the presence of obstructive sleep apnoea (3 nights at-home). The device is then returned by pre-paid mail and the recording is analysed to screen for moderate to severe sleep apnoea (oxygen desaturation index ≥ 10). If eligible, the participant will be invited to the Woolcock Institute for a screening visit.

The screening visit starts with a consult with a clinician/physician who performs a medical screening, explains the study, answers questions and addresses concerns, and obtains written informed consent. At the end of the consult, all eligibility criteria have been evaluated and eligible participants are assigned a randomization number i.e., allocated to either the immediate CBCTi-arm or the delayed-start control-arm. The treatment arm consists of an online therapist-guided CBCTi intervention which comprises online sessions to be completed in 8 weeks. Participants in the delayed-start control arm in this study will not receive any active intervention during the first two months but will be offered the same therapist-guided CBCTi program thereafter

During the screening visit, participants will be asked to perform in an audio-visual recording while singing along to "Waltzing Matilda" (karaoke style) and asked to give keywords that relate to at least five negative distressing experiences and an equal number of neutral experiences from the same period. The recording and the keywords will be used to derive the stimuli that are used in the functional MRI tasks (Pre-Post CBCTi). The screening visit is concluded with a demonstration on how to collect data at-home.

Both groups will be asked to perform a week of at-home assessment during 4 timepoints: T0 (baseline), T1 (2 months post-baseline), T2 (4 months post-baseline) and T3 (12 months post-baseline). During the week of at-home assessments, the participants complete questionnaires, keep a sleep diary, and wear an actigraphy-watch, and light and temperature sensor (across 7 days). They are also asked to complete at least four overnight polysomnographic recordings using an EEG headband. At Pre and Post-CBCTi only, they also complete a salivary melatonin collection protocol.

At Pre and Post-CBCTi (i.e., T0 and T1 for immediate group - T1 and T2 for delayed group) , participants are invited to Macquarie University/Woolcock Institute to undergo overnight sleep studies and neuroimaging sessions.

The CBCTi program will be given online via secure platforms and recruitment will primarily be through social media advertisements. The study will be coordinated from the Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Macquarie Park, New South Wales, 2109, Australia.

Conditions

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Insomnia Chronic Anxiety

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

Delayed-start randomized controlled trial
Primary Study Purpose

TREATMENT

Blinding Strategy

SINGLE

Outcome Assessors
Researchers responsible for randomization and data-analysis will be blinded to the study arms.

Study Groups

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Immediate CBCTi

Immediate 8-weeks online therapist-guided CBCTi including weekly online modules. Guidance is provided via scheduled and ad hoc communications (e.g., email, messaging, telehealth) between the participant and a clinician/physician

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Immediate CBCTi

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

This intervention will be immediately accessible to the CBCTi group. The program is composed of weekly online modules that include written information and interactive components such as schematics, images, videos, and questions. The content of the modules follows traditional and validated cognitive-behavioural therapy for insomnia protocols including sleep education, behavioural strategies (e.g., stimulus control, bedtime retraining, sleep hygiene), cognitive restructuration approaches (e.g., thought reappraisal, imagery, mindfulness), and relaxation practices (progressive muscle relaxation and autogenic training). In addition, further content aims to stabilize and amplify circadian rhythmicity through light exposure in the morning, daytime moderate physical activity, and evening time warm baths. Participants complete daily sleep diaries throughout the intervention.

Delayed-start control

Participants in the delayed-start control group will not receive any active intervention during two months but will be offered the same therapist-guided CBCTi program thereafter.

Group Type OTHER

Delayed CBCTi

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

This intervention will be accessible after a waiting period of 2 months (i.e, delayed start). The program is composed of weekly online modules that include written information and interactive components such as schematics, images, videos, and questions. The content of the modules follows traditional and validated cognitive-behavioural therapy for insomnia protocols including sleep education, behavioural strategies (e.g., stimulus control, bedtime retraining, sleep hygiene), cognitive restructuration approaches (e.g., thought reappraisal, imagery, mindfulness), and relaxation practices (progressive muscle relaxation and autogenic training). In addition, further content aims to stabilize and amplify circadian rhythmicity through light exposure in the morning, daytime moderate physical activity, and evening time warm baths. Participants complete daily sleep diaries throughout the intervention.

Interventions

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Immediate CBCTi

This intervention will be immediately accessible to the CBCTi group. The program is composed of weekly online modules that include written information and interactive components such as schematics, images, videos, and questions. The content of the modules follows traditional and validated cognitive-behavioural therapy for insomnia protocols including sleep education, behavioural strategies (e.g., stimulus control, bedtime retraining, sleep hygiene), cognitive restructuration approaches (e.g., thought reappraisal, imagery, mindfulness), and relaxation practices (progressive muscle relaxation and autogenic training). In addition, further content aims to stabilize and amplify circadian rhythmicity through light exposure in the morning, daytime moderate physical activity, and evening time warm baths. Participants complete daily sleep diaries throughout the intervention.

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Delayed CBCTi

This intervention will be accessible after a waiting period of 2 months (i.e, delayed start). The program is composed of weekly online modules that include written information and interactive components such as schematics, images, videos, and questions. The content of the modules follows traditional and validated cognitive-behavioural therapy for insomnia protocols including sleep education, behavioural strategies (e.g., stimulus control, bedtime retraining, sleep hygiene), cognitive restructuration approaches (e.g., thought reappraisal, imagery, mindfulness), and relaxation practices (progressive muscle relaxation and autogenic training). In addition, further content aims to stabilize and amplify circadian rhythmicity through light exposure in the morning, daytime moderate physical activity, and evening time warm baths. Participants complete daily sleep diaries throughout the intervention.

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* (A or B) and (C) A. Diagnosis of insomnia disorder (DSM-5-TR) B. Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) score ≥ 10 C. Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) score ≥ 10
* All sexes and genders.
* Between 18 and 45 years of age.
* Able to provide informed consent.
* Proficient in English.

Exclusion Criteria

x Sleep or circadian disorder other than insomnia (e.g., hypersomnolence, periodic limb movement disorder, advanced or delayed sleep phase disorder, moderate to severe sleep apnoea disorder based on previous sleep study with an apnea-hypopnea index ≥ 15 and/or finger-pulse oximetry oxygen desaturation index (ODI) ≥ 10).

* Current or history of neurological disorders (e.g., stroke, brain injury).
* Current or history of bipolar disorder, psychosis, or moderate to severe obsessive-compulsive disorder.
* Current uncontrolled mental health disorders requiring specialist care, other than major depression and anxiety disorders.
* Centrally active agents or presence of medical condition that may affect participation.
* Pregnancy or actively trying to conceive, or lactating.
* Shift work for at least 2 shifts per week in the past 3 months (i.e., work between 21:00 and 6:00).
* Travel across time zones over 3 hours difference in the previous 30 days (will require a 1-day adjustment period per hour of time zone travelled).
* Unwilling to know about potential incidental findings.
* No consent or adherence to instructions for any part of the study protocol.
Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

45 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sponsors

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Woolcock Institute of Medical Research

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Macquarie University, Australia

OTHER

Sponsor Role collaborator

Responsible Party

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Responsibility Role SPONSOR

Principal Investigators

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Rick Wassing, PhD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Woolcock Institute of Medical Research

Locations

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Woolcock Institute of Medical Research

Macquarie Park, New South Wales, Australia

Site Status RECRUITING

Countries

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Australia

Central Contacts

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Rick Wassing, PhD

Role: CONTACT

+61 0298502663

Aurore Perrault, PhD

Role: CONTACT

Facility Contacts

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Rick Wassing, PhD

Role: primary

0298502663

Greg Kaplan, A/Prof

Role: backup

0298053232

References

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Hertenstein E, Feige B, Gmeiner T, Kienzler C, Spiegelhalder K, Johann A, Jansson-Frojmark M, Palagini L, Rucker G, Riemann D, Baglioni C. Insomnia as a predictor of mental disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sleep Med Rev. 2019 Feb;43:96-105. doi: 10.1016/j.smrv.2018.10.006. Epub 2018 Nov 16.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 30537570 (View on PubMed)

Taylor DJ, Pruiksma KE. Cognitive and behavioural therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) in psychiatric populations: a systematic review. Int Rev Psychiatry. 2014 Apr;26(2):205-13. doi: 10.3109/09540261.2014.902808.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 24892895 (View on PubMed)

Riemann D, Baglioni C, Bassetti C, Bjorvatn B, Dolenc Groselj L, Ellis JG, Espie CA, Garcia-Borreguero D, Gjerstad M, Goncalves M, Hertenstein E, Jansson-Frojmark M, Jennum PJ, Leger D, Nissen C, Parrino L, Paunio T, Pevernagie D, Verbraecken J, Weess HG, Wichniak A, Zavalko I, Arnardottir ES, Deleanu OC, Strazisar B, Zoetmulder M, Spiegelhalder K. European guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of insomnia. J Sleep Res. 2017 Dec;26(6):675-700. doi: 10.1111/jsr.12594. Epub 2017 Sep 5.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 28875581 (View on PubMed)

Leerssen J, Lakbila-Kamal O, Dekkers LMS, Ikelaar SLC, Albers ACW, Blanken TF, Lancee J, van der Lande GJM, Maksimovic T, Mastenbroek SE, Reesen JE, van de Ven S, van der Zweerde T, Foster-Dingley JC, Van Someren EJW. Treating Insomnia with High Risk of Depression Using Therapist-Guided Digital Cognitive, Behavioral, and Circadian Rhythm Support Interventions to Prevent Worsening of Depressive Symptoms: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Psychother Psychosom. 2022;91(3):168-179. doi: 10.1159/000520282. Epub 2021 Dec 6.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 34872087 (View on PubMed)

Christensen H, Batterham PJ, Gosling JA, Ritterband LM, Griffiths KM, Thorndike FP, Glozier N, O'Dea B, Hickie IB, Mackinnon AJ. Effectiveness of an online insomnia program (SHUTi) for prevention of depressive episodes (the GoodNight Study): a randomised controlled trial. Lancet Psychiatry. 2016 Apr;3(4):333-41. doi: 10.1016/S2215-0366(15)00536-2. Epub 2016 Jan 28.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 26827250 (View on PubMed)

Wassing R, Lakbila-Kamal O, Ramautar JR, Stoffers D, Schalkwijk F, Van Someren EJW. Restless REM Sleep Impedes Overnight Amygdala Adaptation. Curr Biol. 2019 Jul 22;29(14):2351-2358.e4. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2019.06.034. Epub 2019 Jul 11.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 31303489 (View on PubMed)

Wassing R, Schalkwijk F, Lakbila-Kamal O, Ramautar JR, Stoffers D, Mutsaerts HJMM, Talamini LM, Van Someren EJW. Haunted by the past: old emotions remain salient in insomnia disorder. Brain. 2019 Jun 1;142(6):1783-1796. doi: 10.1093/brain/awz089.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 31135050 (View on PubMed)

Lancee J, van Straten A, Morina N, Kaldo V, Kamphuis JH. Guided Online or Face-to-Face Cognitive Behavioral Treatment for Insomnia: A Randomized Wait-List Controlled Trial. Sleep. 2016 Jan 1;39(1):183-91. doi: 10.5665/sleep.5344.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 26414893 (View on PubMed)

Bastien CH, Vallieres A, Morin CM. Validation of the Insomnia Severity Index as an outcome measure for insomnia research. Sleep Med. 2001 Jul;2(4):297-307. doi: 10.1016/s1389-9457(00)00065-4.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 11438246 (View on PubMed)

Berntsen D, Hoyle RH, Rubin DC. The Autobiographical Recollection Test (ART): A Measure of Individual Differences in Autobiographical Memory. J Appl Res Mem Cogn. 2019 Sep;8(3):305-318. doi: 10.1016/j.jarmac.2019.06.005. Epub 2019 Jul 26.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 31700775 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

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227100/Z/23/Z

Identifier Type: OTHER_GRANT

Identifier Source: secondary_id

GNT1196636

Identifier Type: OTHER_GRANT

Identifier Source: secondary_id

14308

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

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