Trial Outcomes & Findings for Effective Ads for Quitting Smoking (NCT NCT06485479)

Last Updated: 2025-11-03

Results Overview

Perceived effectiveness of the ads at encouraging quitting smoking, measured by 1 survey item for each ad (6 items total). Range 1 to 5, with higher values indicating higher perceived message effectiveness.

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

Target enrollment

1236 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

During exposure to the ads, assessed during one-time online 15-minute survey.

Results posted on

2025-11-03

Participant Flow

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure	Ads About Reading Participants will view non-smoking related ads on the benefits of reading. Control ads: The ads will be on topics unrelated to quitting smoking, formatted as black text on a white field. Trial investigators developed the ads and optimized them to be readable when delivered in an SMS text message.	Ads About Response Efficacy for Quitting Smoking Participants will view ads designed to increase response efficacy for quitting cigarettes. Intervention ads: The ads will be on topics to encourage quitting smoking, formatted as multi-color text with graphic elements. Trial investigators developed the ads and optimized them to be readable when delivered in an SMS text message.	Ads About Self-efficacy for Quitting Smoking Participants will view ads designed to increase self-efficacy to quit smoking. Intervention ads: The ads will be on topics to encourage quitting smoking, formatted as multi-color text with graphic elements. Trial investigators developed the ads and optimized them to be readable when delivered in an SMS text message.	Ads About Motivation to Quit Smoking Participants will view ads designed to increase motivation to quit smoking. Intervention ads: The ads will be on topics to encourage quitting smoking, formatted as multi-color text with graphic elements. Trial investigators developed the ads and optimized them to be readable when delivered in an SMS text message.	Ads About Passwords Participants will view non-smoking related ads on passwords. Control ads: The ads will be on topics unrelated to quitting smoking, formatted as black text on a white field. Trial investigators developed the ads and optimized them to be readable when delivered in an SMS text message.
Overall Study STARTED	249	247	242	251	247
Overall Study COMPLETED	249	247	242	251	247
Overall Study NOT COMPLETED	0	0	0	0	0

Reasons for withdrawal

Withdrawal data not reported

Baseline Characteristics

Effective Ads for Quitting Smoking

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure	Ads About Response Efficacy for Quitting Smoking n=247 Participants Participants will view ads designed to increase response efficacy for quitting cigarettes. Intervention ads: The ads will be on topics to encourage quitting smoking, formatted as multi-color text with graphic elements. Trial investigators developed the ads and optimized them to be readable when delivered in an SMS text message.	Ads About Self-efficacy for Quitting Smoking n=242 Participants Participants will view ads designed to increase self-efficacy to quit smoking. Intervention ads: The ads will be on topics to encourage quitting smoking, formatted as multi-color text with graphic elements. Trial investigators developed the ads and optimized them to be readable when delivered in an SMS text message.	Ads About Motivation to Quit Smoking n=251 Participants Participants will view ads designed to increase motivation to quit smoking. Intervention ads: The ads will be on topics to encourage quitting smoking, formatted as multi-color text with graphic elements. Trial investigators developed the ads and optimized them to be readable when delivered in an SMS text message.	Ads About Reading n=249 Participants Participants will view non-smoking related ads on the benefits of reading. Control ads: The ads will be on topics unrelated to quitting smoking, formatted as black text on a white field. Trial investigators developed the ads and optimized them to be readable when delivered in an SMS text message.	Ads About Passwords n=247 Participants Participants will view non-smoking related ads on passwords. Control ads: The ads will be on topics unrelated to quitting smoking, formatted as black text on a white field. Trial investigators developed the ads and optimized them to be readable when delivered in an SMS text message.	Total n=1236 Participants Total of all reporting groups
Age, Customized 21-29 years	30 Participants n=3 Participants	22 Participants n=15 Participants	23 Participants n=18 Participants	30 Participants n=4 Participants	28 Participants n=7 Participants	133 Participants n=8 Participants
Age, Customized 30-39 years	73 Participants n=3 Participants	71 Participants n=15 Participants	73 Participants n=18 Participants	66 Participants n=4 Participants	73 Participants n=7 Participants	356 Participants n=8 Participants
Age, Customized 40-49 years	48 Participants n=3 Participants	53 Participants n=15 Participants	55 Participants n=18 Participants	65 Participants n=4 Participants	54 Participants n=7 Participants	275 Participants n=8 Participants
Age, Customized 50-59 years	38 Participants n=3 Participants	38 Participants n=15 Participants	40 Participants n=18 Participants	40 Participants n=4 Participants	39 Participants n=7 Participants	195 Participants n=8 Participants
Age, Customized 60+ years	58 Participants n=3 Participants	58 Participants n=15 Participants	60 Participants n=18 Participants	48 Participants n=4 Participants	53 Participants n=7 Participants	277 Participants n=8 Participants
Sex: Female, Male Female	149 Participants n=3 Participants	162 Participants n=15 Participants	156 Participants n=18 Participants	160 Participants n=4 Participants	150 Participants n=7 Participants	777 Participants n=8 Participants
Sex: Female, Male Male	98 Participants n=3 Participants	80 Participants n=15 Participants	95 Participants n=18 Participants	89 Participants n=4 Participants	97 Participants n=7 Participants	459 Participants n=8 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized Another race / ethnicity	14 Participants n=3 Participants	17 Participants n=15 Participants	12 Participants n=18 Participants	11 Participants n=4 Participants	16 Participants n=7 Participants	70 Participants n=8 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized Non-Hispanic White	133 Participants n=3 Participants	124 Participants n=15 Participants	128 Participants n=18 Participants	136 Participants n=4 Participants	121 Participants n=7 Participants	642 Participants n=8 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized Non-Hispanic Black	59 Participants n=3 Participants	66 Participants n=15 Participants	69 Participants n=18 Participants	54 Participants n=4 Participants	63 Participants n=7 Participants	311 Participants n=8 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized Hispanic	26 Participants n=3 Participants	27 Participants n=15 Participants	35 Participants n=18 Participants	41 Participants n=4 Participants	37 Participants n=7 Participants	166 Participants n=8 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized Multiracial	15 Participants n=3 Participants	8 Participants n=15 Participants	7 Participants n=18 Participants	7 Participants n=4 Participants	10 Participants n=7 Participants	47 Participants n=8 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: During exposure to the ads, assessed during one-time online 15-minute survey.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Ads About Motivation to Quit Smoking n=251 Participants Participants will view ads designed to increase motivation to quit smoking. Intervention ads: The ads will be on topics to encourage quitting smoking, formatted as multi-color text with graphic elements. Trial investigators developed the ads and optimized them to be readable when delivered in an SMS text message.	Ads About Reading n=249 Participants Participants will view non-smoking related ads on the benefits of reading. Control ads: The ads will be on topics unrelated to quitting smoking, formatted as black text on a white field. Trial investigators developed the ads and optimized them to be readable when delivered in an SMS text message.	Ads About Passwords n=247 Participants Participants will view non-smoking related ads on passwords. Control ads: The ads will be on topics unrelated to quitting smoking, formatted as black text on a white field. Trial investigators developed the ads and optimized them to be readable when delivered in an SMS text message.	Ads About Response Efficacy for Quitting Smoking n=247 Participants Participants will view ads designed to increase response efficacy for quitting cigarettes. Intervention ads: The ads will be on topics to encourage quitting smoking, formatted as multi-color text with graphic elements. Trial investigators developed the ads and optimized them to be readable when delivered in an SMS text message.	Ads About Self-efficacy for Quitting Smoking n=242 Participants Participants will view ads designed to increase self-efficacy to quit smoking. Intervention ads: The ads will be on topics to encourage quitting smoking, formatted as multi-color text with graphic elements. Trial investigators developed the ads and optimized them to be readable when delivered in an SMS text message.
Perceived Message Effectiveness for Motivation	2.49 score on a scale Standard Deviation 1.02	1.49 score on a scale Standard Deviation 0.87	1.41 score on a scale Standard Deviation 0.88	3.18 score on a scale Standard Deviation 1.05	2.40 score on a scale Standard Deviation 0.99

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: During exposure to the ads, assessed during one-time online 15-minute survey.

Perceived effectiveness of the ads at communicating the benefits of quitting smoking, measured by 1 survey item for each ad (6 items total). Range 1 to 5, with higher values indicating higher perceived message effectiveness.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Ads About Motivation to Quit Smoking n=251 Participants Participants will view ads designed to increase motivation to quit smoking. Intervention ads: The ads will be on topics to encourage quitting smoking, formatted as multi-color text with graphic elements. Trial investigators developed the ads and optimized them to be readable when delivered in an SMS text message.	Ads About Reading n=249 Participants Participants will view non-smoking related ads on the benefits of reading. Control ads: The ads will be on topics unrelated to quitting smoking, formatted as black text on a white field. Trial investigators developed the ads and optimized them to be readable when delivered in an SMS text message.	Ads About Passwords n=247 Participants Participants will view non-smoking related ads on passwords. Control ads: The ads will be on topics unrelated to quitting smoking, formatted as black text on a white field. Trial investigators developed the ads and optimized them to be readable when delivered in an SMS text message.	Ads About Response Efficacy for Quitting Smoking n=247 Participants Participants will view ads designed to increase response efficacy for quitting cigarettes. Intervention ads: The ads will be on topics to encourage quitting smoking, formatted as multi-color text with graphic elements. Trial investigators developed the ads and optimized them to be readable when delivered in an SMS text message.	Ads About Self-efficacy for Quitting Smoking n=242 Participants Participants will view ads designed to increase self-efficacy to quit smoking. Intervention ads: The ads will be on topics to encourage quitting smoking, formatted as multi-color text with graphic elements. Trial investigators developed the ads and optimized them to be readable when delivered in an SMS text message.
Perceived Message Effectiveness for Response Efficacy	2.33 score on a scale Standard Deviation 1.04	1.48 score on a scale Standard Deviation 0.86	1.44 score on a scale Standard Deviation 0.91	3.32 score on a scale Standard Deviation 1.01	2.23 score on a scale Standard Deviation 1.02

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: During exposure to the ads, assessed during one-time online 15-minute survey.

Perceived effectiveness of the ads at creating confidence that one can quit smoking, measured by 1 survey item for each ad (6 items total). Range 1 to 5, with higher values indicating higher perceived message effectiveness.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Ads About Motivation to Quit Smoking n=251 Participants Participants will view ads designed to increase motivation to quit smoking. Intervention ads: The ads will be on topics to encourage quitting smoking, formatted as multi-color text with graphic elements. Trial investigators developed the ads and optimized them to be readable when delivered in an SMS text message.	Ads About Reading n=249 Participants Participants will view non-smoking related ads on the benefits of reading. Control ads: The ads will be on topics unrelated to quitting smoking, formatted as black text on a white field. Trial investigators developed the ads and optimized them to be readable when delivered in an SMS text message.	Ads About Passwords n=247 Participants Participants will view non-smoking related ads on passwords. Control ads: The ads will be on topics unrelated to quitting smoking, formatted as black text on a white field. Trial investigators developed the ads and optimized them to be readable when delivered in an SMS text message.	Ads About Response Efficacy for Quitting Smoking n=247 Participants Participants will view ads designed to increase response efficacy for quitting cigarettes. Intervention ads: The ads will be on topics to encourage quitting smoking, formatted as multi-color text with graphic elements. Trial investigators developed the ads and optimized them to be readable when delivered in an SMS text message.	Ads About Self-efficacy for Quitting Smoking n=242 Participants Participants will view ads designed to increase self-efficacy to quit smoking. Intervention ads: The ads will be on topics to encourage quitting smoking, formatted as multi-color text with graphic elements. Trial investigators developed the ads and optimized them to be readable when delivered in an SMS text message.
Perceived Message Effectiveness for Self-efficacy	2.45 score on a scale Standard Deviation 1.04	1.48 score on a scale Standard Deviation 0.85	1.43 score on a scale Standard Deviation 0.89	2.94 score on a scale Standard Deviation 1.14	2.49 score on a scale Standard Deviation 0.96

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: After exposure to the ads, assessed during one-time online 15-minute survey.

Motivation to quit smoking, measured by 1 survey item. Range 1 to 5, with higher values indicating higher intentions to quit smoking.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Ads About Motivation to Quit Smoking n=251 Participants Participants will view ads designed to increase motivation to quit smoking. Intervention ads: The ads will be on topics to encourage quitting smoking, formatted as multi-color text with graphic elements. Trial investigators developed the ads and optimized them to be readable when delivered in an SMS text message.	Ads About Reading n=249 Participants Participants will view non-smoking related ads on the benefits of reading. Control ads: The ads will be on topics unrelated to quitting smoking, formatted as black text on a white field. Trial investigators developed the ads and optimized them to be readable when delivered in an SMS text message.	Ads About Passwords n=247 Participants Participants will view non-smoking related ads on passwords. Control ads: The ads will be on topics unrelated to quitting smoking, formatted as black text on a white field. Trial investigators developed the ads and optimized them to be readable when delivered in an SMS text message.	Ads About Response Efficacy for Quitting Smoking n=247 Participants Participants will view ads designed to increase response efficacy for quitting cigarettes. Intervention ads: The ads will be on topics to encourage quitting smoking, formatted as multi-color text with graphic elements. Trial investigators developed the ads and optimized them to be readable when delivered in an SMS text message.	Ads About Self-efficacy for Quitting Smoking n=242 Participants Participants will view ads designed to increase self-efficacy to quit smoking. Intervention ads: The ads will be on topics to encourage quitting smoking, formatted as multi-color text with graphic elements. Trial investigators developed the ads and optimized them to be readable when delivered in an SMS text message.
Intentions to Quit Smoking	2.99 score on a scale Standard Deviation 1.29	2.94 score on a scale Standard Deviation 1.34	2.82 score on a scale Standard Deviation 1.35	3.14 score on a scale Standard Deviation 1.21	2.90 score on a scale Standard Deviation 1.31

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: After exposure to the ads, assessed during one-time online 15-minute survey.

Belief that quitting smoking improves health, measured by 1 survey item. Range 1 to 5, with higher values indicating higher response efficacy.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Ads About Motivation to Quit Smoking n=251 Participants Participants will view ads designed to increase motivation to quit smoking. Intervention ads: The ads will be on topics to encourage quitting smoking, formatted as multi-color text with graphic elements. Trial investigators developed the ads and optimized them to be readable when delivered in an SMS text message.	Ads About Reading n=249 Participants Participants will view non-smoking related ads on the benefits of reading. Control ads: The ads will be on topics unrelated to quitting smoking, formatted as black text on a white field. Trial investigators developed the ads and optimized them to be readable when delivered in an SMS text message.	Ads About Passwords n=247 Participants Participants will view non-smoking related ads on passwords. Control ads: The ads will be on topics unrelated to quitting smoking, formatted as black text on a white field. Trial investigators developed the ads and optimized them to be readable when delivered in an SMS text message.	Ads About Response Efficacy for Quitting Smoking n=247 Participants Participants will view ads designed to increase response efficacy for quitting cigarettes. Intervention ads: The ads will be on topics to encourage quitting smoking, formatted as multi-color text with graphic elements. Trial investigators developed the ads and optimized them to be readable when delivered in an SMS text message.	Ads About Self-efficacy for Quitting Smoking n=242 Participants Participants will view ads designed to increase self-efficacy to quit smoking. Intervention ads: The ads will be on topics to encourage quitting smoking, formatted as multi-color text with graphic elements. Trial investigators developed the ads and optimized them to be readable when delivered in an SMS text message.
Response Efficacy	3.96 score on a scale Standard Deviation 1.12	4.00 score on a scale Standard Deviation 1.23	3.91 score on a scale Standard Deviation 1.25	3.50 score on a scale Standard Deviation 0.79	3.93 score on a scale Standard Deviation 1.18

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: After exposure to the ads, assessed during one-time online 15-minute survey.

Confidence that one can quit smoking, measured by 1 survey item. Range 1 to 5, with higher values indicating higher self-efficacy.