The Effect of Endorphin Massage Applied to Postpartum Women on Anxiety and Fatigue Levels

NCT ID: NCT06421233

Last Updated: 2024-05-20

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: COMPLETED
• Clinical Phase: NA
• Total Enrollment: 50 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2023-09-04
• Study Completion Date: 2023-11-30

Brief Summary

The postpartum period, especially in the first few weeks, can be a difficult period for mothers to adapt to the new situation of having a baby. During this process, physiological, psychological and social changes occur in the mother's body. While many mothers adapt to these changes easily, some mothers may experience psychological disorders at different levels.Among these, anxiety and depression are the most common diseases. Anxiety can negatively affect mothers, especially during birth and the postpartum period.During the postpartum period, nurses have the opportunity to improve maternal and infant health by recognizing and treating anxiety.Physical symptoms associated with postpartum anxiety include fatigue, irritability, difficulty concentrating, and sleep disturbances. However, during the vaginal birth process, mothers may feel tired in the early postpartum period, as the pregnant woman spends a lot of energy by staying hungry for a long time. When the literature was examined, it was determined that endorphin massage reduces back pain in pregnant women, reduces anxiety level in pregnant women, accelerates the involution process in the postpartum period, and has positive effects on postpartum depression.Similar to endorphin massage, it has been determined that back massage reduces back pain in the postpartum period and provides the mother with both physiological and psychological relief. In addition, no study has been found examining the effect of endorphin massage applied to postpartum women on anxiety levels and fatigue in the postpartum period. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effect of endorphin massage applied to postpartum women who gave birth vaginally on postpartum anxiety and fatigue levels.

Detailed Description

Birth is a very important experience in a woman's life. The postpartum period is a period of 6-8 weeks after birth. During this process, physiological, psychological and social changes occur in the puerperal woman's body. While many postpartum women easily adapt to these changes, some postpartum women may experience psychological disorders at different levels. Anxiety can negatively affect postpartum women, especially during birth and the postpartum period. Although it is generally desirable to experience anxiety at a normal and mild level, excessive anxiety can tire the individual emotionally.In addition, postpartum women may feel tired in the early postpartum period due to the pregnant woman fasting for a long time and spending too much energy during the vaginal birth process.This situation can be caused by many physical, psychological and situational factors. Postpartum fatigue can lead to deterioration in the general health of the mother and her baby, as well as other serious problems.Postpartum fatigue negatively affects women's physical and mental functions, wound healing, self-care skills and behaviors, energy, motivation and cognitive status, adaptation to motherhood, baby care behaviors, relationships with marriage and family members, including sexuality, work performance and quality of life. is a symptom.In this process, applications applied to postpartum women increase the quality of life by reducing fatigue.Endorphin massage is among the practices performed to improve the quality of life of women during the postpartum period. Endorphin is a natural painkiller known as the happiness hormone, which is similar to opioids secreted by the body, reduces pain, provides relaxation, protects the body against infections, accelerates metabolism. It is known that massage increases endorphin levels by having a relaxing effect on the muscles. Endorphin massage increases the release of endorphins, allowing the individual to relax, relaxing the muscles and reducing pain. Endorphin massage is a light massage technique that can increase the release of oxytocin and endorphin hormones and provide a feeling of calmness and comfort. When the literature was examined, it was determined that endorphin massage reduces back pain in pregnant women, reduces anxiety level in pregnant women, accelerates the involution process in the postpartum period, and has positive effects on postpartum depression.Similar to endorphin massage, it has been determined that back massage reduces back pain in the postpartum period and provides the mother with both physiological and psychological relief. In addition, no study has been found examining the effect of endorphin massage applied to postpartum women on anxiety levels and fatigue in the postpartum period. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effect of endorphin massage applied to postpartum women who gave birth vaginally on postpartum anxiety and fatigue levels.

Conditions

Birth; Anxiety; Fatigue

Study Design

• Allocation Method: RANDOMIZED
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Primary Study Purpose: SUPPORTIVE_CARE
• Blinding Strategy: DOUBLE

Study Groups

Intervention group

• Personal introduction form, state and trait anxiety scale and visual similarity scale for fatigue were applied.
• Endorphin massage was applied twice by the researcher for 15 minutes every two hours.
• After the endorphin massage applied for the second time, the visual similarity scale and the state and trait anxiety scale were applied again for fatigue.

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

massage

Intervention Type: OTHER

Endorphin massage will be given for 15 minutes every 2 hours.

Control gruop

• A personal introduction form, state and trait anxiety scale, and visual similarity scale for fatigue were applied.
• Two hours after the first evaluation, the visual similarity scale and the state and trait anxiety scale were applied again for fatigue.

Group Type: NO_INTERVENTION

No interventions assigned to this group

Interventions

massage

Endorphin massage will be given for 15 minutes every 2 hours.

Intervention Type: OTHER

Other Intervention Names

endorphin massage

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• Giving birth vaginally at term,
• Postpartum within 24 hours,
• Primiparous,
• Those who are healthy and have given birth to a single baby,
• Postpartum women who volunteered to participate in the study were included.

Exclusion Criteria

• Those with psychiatric illness (Bipolar Disorder, Depression, Obsessive Compulsive Disorder),
• People with chronic diseases (Heart disease, Thyroid problems, Diabetes mellitus, Hypertension, asthma, COPD,
• Those who have been diagnosed with a risky pregnancy (Pre-eclampsia, Arthritis, Pregnancy-related hypertension, Gestational diabetes),
• Whose baby was admitted to neonatal intensive care,
• Postpartum women with postpartum bleeding were not included in the study.

• Minimum Eligible Age: 19 Years
• Maximum Eligible Age: 40 Years
• Eligible Sex: FEMALE
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Sponsors

TC Erciyes University

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Nurseli Soylu Erener

Research Assistant

Responsibility Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

Nurseli SOYLU ERENER

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

TC Erciyes University

Locations

Kayseri City Hospital

Kocasinan, Kayseri, Turkey (Türkiye)

Countries

Turkey (Türkiye)

Related Links

http://doi.org/10.1136/BMJOPEN-2021-051136

Qian, J., Sun, S., Liu, L., \& Yu, X. (2021). Protocol: Effectiveness of non-pharmacological interventions for reducing postpartum fatigue: a systematic review protocol. BMJ Open, 11(10), 51136

Other Identifiers

2023/516

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id