Trial Outcomes & Findings for NewGait: A Low-Cost Rehabilitation System to Improve Post-Stroke Gait (Biomechanical Adaptations) (NCT NCT06269367)

NCT ID: NCT06269367

Last Updated: 2025-12-23

Results Overview

Changes in gait speed (from baseline) as measured using the 10 Meter Walk Test between the experimental (NewGait) and control conditions. Participants were timed during the 10 Meter Walk Test to determine their self-selected gait speed while walking overground in a hallway. In this test, participants walked down a 14 meter walkway, and a stopwatch was used to time how long it took participants to cross the intermediate 10 meter distance. The baseline measure for the first device was taken immediately prior to the intervention. Participants then wore the first device, and the during-training measure was taken immediately. After this, participants received training with the device for about 15 minutes, following which, the device was removed and the post-intervention measure was taken immediately for the first device. Participants then rested for 20-30 minutes. This entire process was repeated with the second device. All measures were obtained on the same day.

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

NA

Target enrollment

20 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

Up to 2 hours

Results posted on

2025-12-23

Participant Flow

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
NewGait/Control
Participants will put on the NewGait device and walk on the treadmill and overground. Participants may receive biofeedback of their gait patterns to engage them in the training. NewGait: wearable limb orthotic device Following this, participants will put on the Control device and walk on the treadmill and overground. Participants may receive biofeedback of their gait patterns to engage them in the training. Control wearable limb orthotic device: wearable limb orthotic device
Control/NewGait
Participants will put on the Control device and walk on the treadmill and overground. Participants may receive biofeedback of their gait patterns to engage them in the training. Control wearable limb orthotic device: wearable limb orthotic device Following this, participants will put on the NewGait device and walk on the treadmill and overground. Participants may receive biofeedback of their gait patterns to engage them in the training. NewGait: wearable limb orthotic device
Phase I
STARTED
10
10
Phase I
COMPLETED
9
9
Phase I
NOT COMPLETED
1
1
Phase II
STARTED
9
9
Phase II
COMPLETED
9
9
Phase II
NOT COMPLETED
0
0

Reasons for withdrawal

Reasons for withdrawal
Measure
NewGait/Control
Participants will put on the NewGait device and walk on the treadmill and overground. Participants may receive biofeedback of their gait patterns to engage them in the training. NewGait: wearable limb orthotic device Following this, participants will put on the Control device and walk on the treadmill and overground. Participants may receive biofeedback of their gait patterns to engage them in the training. Control wearable limb orthotic device: wearable limb orthotic device
Control/NewGait
Participants will put on the Control device and walk on the treadmill and overground. Participants may receive biofeedback of their gait patterns to engage them in the training. Control wearable limb orthotic device: wearable limb orthotic device Following this, participants will put on the NewGait device and walk on the treadmill and overground. Participants may receive biofeedback of their gait patterns to engage them in the training. NewGait: wearable limb orthotic device
Phase I
Unable to perform study procedures
0
1
Phase I
Could not continue study for personal reasons.
1
0

Baseline Characteristics

NewGait: A Low-Cost Rehabilitation System to Improve Post-Stroke Gait (Biomechanical Adaptations)

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
NewGait/Control
n=10 Participants
Participants will put on the NewGait device and walk on the treadmill and overground. Participants may receive biofeedback of their gait patterns to engage them in the training. NewGait: wearable limb orthotic device Following this, participants will put on the Control device and walk on the treadmill and overground. Participants may receive biofeedback of their gait patterns to engage them in the training. Control wearable limb orthotic device: wearable limb orthotic device
Control/NewGait
n=10 Participants
Participants will put on the Control device and walk on the treadmill and overground. Participants may receive biofeedback of their gait patterns to engage them in the training. Control wearable limb orthotic device: wearable limb orthotic device Following this, participants will put on the NewGait device and walk on the treadmill and overground. Participants may receive biofeedback of their gait patterns to engage them in the training. NewGait: wearable limb orthotic device
Total
n=20 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
Age, Continuous
63.5 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 7.8 • n=68 Participants
64.6 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 7.2 • n=4 Participants
64.1 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 7.3 • n=219 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
6 Participants
n=68 Participants
2 Participants
n=4 Participants
8 Participants
n=219 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
4 Participants
n=68 Participants
8 Participants
n=4 Participants
12 Participants
n=219 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Hispanic or Latino
0 Participants
n=68 Participants
0 Participants
n=4 Participants
0 Participants
n=219 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Not Hispanic or Latino
10 Participants
n=68 Participants
10 Participants
n=4 Participants
20 Participants
n=219 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
0 Participants
n=68 Participants
0 Participants
n=4 Participants
0 Participants
n=219 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
American Indian or Alaska Native
0 Participants
n=68 Participants
0 Participants
n=4 Participants
0 Participants
n=219 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Asian
0 Participants
n=68 Participants
0 Participants
n=4 Participants
0 Participants
n=219 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
0 Participants
n=68 Participants
0 Participants
n=4 Participants
0 Participants
n=219 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Black or African American
1 Participants
n=68 Participants
4 Participants
n=4 Participants
5 Participants
n=219 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
White
9 Participants
n=68 Participants
6 Participants
n=4 Participants
15 Participants
n=219 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
More than one race
0 Participants
n=68 Participants
0 Participants
n=4 Participants
0 Participants
n=219 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
0 Participants
n=68 Participants
0 Participants
n=4 Participants
0 Participants
n=219 Participants
Mini-mental state examination score
28.9 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.9 • n=68 Participants
28.0 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.9 • n=4 Participants
28.5 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.9 • n=219 Participants
Time since stroke
102.3 months
STANDARD_DEVIATION 47.8 • n=68 Participants
136.2 months
STANDARD_DEVIATION 94.9 • n=4 Participants
119.3 months
STANDARD_DEVIATION 75.2 • n=219 Participants
Lower extremity Fugl-Meyer score
21.8 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 3.4 • n=68 Participants
22.3 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 4.3 • n=4 Participants
22.1 units on a scale
STANDARD_DEVIATION 3.8 • n=219 Participants
Gait speed
0.9 meters per second
STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.4 • n=68 Participants
0.9 meters per second
STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.3 • n=4 Participants
0.9 meters per second
STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.4 • n=219 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Up to 2 hours

Population: Data was only analyzed on participants who completed the study.

Changes in gait speed (from baseline) as measured using the 10 Meter Walk Test between the experimental (NewGait) and control conditions. Participants were timed during the 10 Meter Walk Test to determine their self-selected gait speed while walking overground in a hallway. In this test, participants walked down a 14 meter walkway, and a stopwatch was used to time how long it took participants to cross the intermediate 10 meter distance. The baseline measure for the first device was taken immediately prior to the intervention. Participants then wore the first device, and the during-training measure was taken immediately. After this, participants received training with the device for about 15 minutes, following which, the device was removed and the post-intervention measure was taken immediately for the first device. Participants then rested for 20-30 minutes. This entire process was repeated with the second device. All measures were obtained on the same day.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Control
n=18 Participants
Participants will put on the Control device and walk on the treadmill and over ground. Participants may receive biofeedback of their gait patterns to engage them in the training. Control wearable limb orthotic device: wearable limb orthotic device
NewGait
n=18 Participants
Participants will put on the NewGait device and walk on the treadmill and overground. Participants may receive biofeedback of their gait patterns to engage them in the training. NewGait: wearable limb orthotic device
Gait Speed
Baseline
0.92 meters per second
Standard Error 0.08
0.90 meters per second
Standard Error 0.09
Gait Speed
During training
0.87 meters per second
Standard Error 0.08
0.88 meters per second
Standard Error 0.08
Gait Speed
Post-intervention
0.92 meters per second
Standard Error 0.09
0.91 meters per second
Standard Error 0.09

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Up to 2 hours

Population: Data was only analyzed on participants who completed the study.

Changes in ankle muscle activation of the leg muscles as measured using surface electromyography between the experimental (NewGait) and control conditions. Muscle activation ranges from 0 to no upper limit, and higher activation meant that the muscle was being used more. The baseline measure for the first device was taken immediately prior to the intervention. Participants then wore the first device, and the during-training measure was taken immediately. After this, participants received training with the device for about 15 minutes, following which, the device was removed, and the post-intervention measure was taken immediately for the first device. Participants then rested for 20-30 minutes. This entire process was repeated with the second device. All measures were obtained on the same day.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Control
n=18 Participants
Participants will put on the Control device and walk on the treadmill and over ground. Participants may receive biofeedback of their gait patterns to engage them in the training. Control wearable limb orthotic device: wearable limb orthotic device
NewGait
n=18 Participants
Participants will put on the NewGait device and walk on the treadmill and overground. Participants may receive biofeedback of their gait patterns to engage them in the training. NewGait: wearable limb orthotic device
Ankle Muscle Activation
Medial Gastrocnemius, Baseline
72.98 percentage of maximum muscle activation
Standard Error 15.68
75.29 percentage of maximum muscle activation
Standard Error 15.68
Ankle Muscle Activation
Medial Gastrocnemius, During training
66.77 percentage of maximum muscle activation
Standard Error 15.05
62.41 percentage of maximum muscle activation
Standard Error 14.61
Ankle Muscle Activation
Medial Gastrocnemius, Post-intervention
75.46 percentage of maximum muscle activation
Standard Error 15.12
67.77 percentage of maximum muscle activation
Standard Error 15.26
Ankle Muscle Activation
Lateral Soleus, Baseline
68.43 percentage of maximum muscle activation
Standard Error 14.41
68.61 percentage of maximum muscle activation
Standard Error 14.78
Ankle Muscle Activation
Lateral Soleus, During training
72.24 percentage of maximum muscle activation
Standard Error 13.49
72.72 percentage of maximum muscle activation
Standard Error 14.22
Ankle Muscle Activation
Lateral Soleus, Post-intervention
64.05 percentage of maximum muscle activation
Standard Error 15.99
68.66 percentage of maximum muscle activation
Standard Error 15.99
Ankle Muscle Activation
Tibialis Anterior, Baseline
30.08 percentage of maximum muscle activation
Standard Error 3.83
30.87 percentage of maximum muscle activation
Standard Error 2.93
Ankle Muscle Activation
Tibialis Anterior, During training
21.55 percentage of maximum muscle activation
Standard Error 3.87
28.04 percentage of maximum muscle activation
Standard Error 3.87
Ankle Muscle Activation
Tibialis Anterior, Post-intervention
30.02 percentage of maximum muscle activation
Standard Error 3.02
25.71 percentage of maximum muscle activation
Standard Error 4.04

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Up to 2 hours

Population: Data was only analyzed on participants who completed the study.

Changes in paretic leg propulsive force were measured using ground reaction forces obtained from force sensors during walking between the experimental (NewGait) and control conditions. Propulsive force had no upper or lower limit, with a higher number indicating greater propulsion from the paretic limb. The baseline measure for the first device was taken immediately prior to the intervention. Participants then wore the first device, and the during-training measure was taken immediately. After this, participants received training with the device for about 15 minutes, following which, the device was removed, and the post-intervention measure was taken immediately for the first device. Participants then rested for 20-30 minutes. This entire process was repeated with the second device. Results reflect Newton units in force generated divided by Newton units of body weight (N/N) times 100. All measures were obtained on the same day.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Control
n=18 Participants
Participants will put on the Control device and walk on the treadmill and over ground. Participants may receive biofeedback of their gait patterns to engage them in the training. Control wearable limb orthotic device: wearable limb orthotic device
NewGait
n=18 Participants
Participants will put on the NewGait device and walk on the treadmill and overground. Participants may receive biofeedback of their gait patterns to engage them in the training. NewGait: wearable limb orthotic device
Changes in Paretic Leg Propulsive Force
Baseline
8.03 percentage of body weight (N/N)
Standard Error 1.26
8.22 percentage of body weight (N/N)
Standard Error 1.26
Changes in Paretic Leg Propulsive Force
During training
11.36 percentage of body weight (N/N)
Standard Error 1.86
11.92 percentage of body weight (N/N)
Standard Error 1.86
Changes in Paretic Leg Propulsive Force
Post-intervention
9.00 percentage of body weight (N/N)
Standard Error 1.31
8.70 percentage of body weight (N/N)
Standard Error 1.31

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: Up to 2 hours

Changes in paretic leg loading were measured using vertical ground reaction forces obtained from force sensors during walking between the experimental (NewGait) and control conditions.

Outcome measures

Outcome data not reported

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: Up to 2 hours

Changes in lower extremity muscle activation as measured using surface electromyography between the experimental (NewGait) and control conditions.

Outcome measures

Outcome data not reported

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: Up to 2 hours

Changes in ankle muscle coordination of the leg muscles as measured using surface electromyography between the experimental (NewGait) and control conditions.

Outcome measures

Outcome data not reported

Adverse Events

NewGait

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 14 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Control

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 14 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Other adverse events

Other adverse events
Measure
NewGait
n=20 participants at risk
Participants will put on the NewGait device and walk on the treadmill and overground. Participants may receive biofeedback of their gait patterns to engage them in the training. NewGait: wearable limb orthotic device
Control
n=20 participants at risk
Participants will put on the Control device and walk on the treadmill and over ground. Participants may receive biofeedback of their gait patterns to engage them in the training. Control wearable limb orthotic device: wearable limb orthotic device
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
Skin Irritation
20.0%
4/20 • Up to 2 hours
20.0%
4/20 • Up to 2 hours
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Muscle/Joint Pain
20.0%
4/20 • Up to 2 hours
20.0%
4/20 • Up to 2 hours
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Fatigue
45.0%
9/20 • Up to 2 hours
45.0%
9/20 • Up to 2 hours

Additional Information

Chandramouli Krishnan

University of Michigan

Phone: (734) 936-4031

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
  • Publication restrictions are in place