Young Adult Tobacco/Nicotine and Cannabis Co-use

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

RECRUITING

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

350 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2024-05-13

Study Completion Date

2028-01-03

Brief Summary

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The goal of this project is to better understand the relationship between tobacco/nicotine and cannabis using behavioral economics during a tobacco/nicotine quit attempt. All participants will receive tobacco/nicotine cessation treatment (smoking and/or vaping treatment) for 12 weeks. To qualify, participants must be between the ages of 18-25 and use tobacco products (smoke cigarettes and/or vape nicotine) and use cannabis (in any form). Participants do not need to be interested in quitting cannabis/marijuana to qualify. This study is being conducted by the Medical University of South Carolina. All procedures are conducted remotely and there is no in-person visits are needed.

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Detailed Description

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The co-use of nicotine/tobacco products and cannabis among young adults is prevalent and varies widely in terms of patterns and products of use. Nicotine-cannabis co-use among this age group may adversely affect treatment and other clinical outcomes, yet little is known regarding the underlying relationship between nicotine and cannabis and the resulting treatment implications, particularly during an attempt to quit or reduce use of one or both substances. Prior literature on the treatment implications of co-use, including results from our group, suggest that cannabis serves as an obstacle to nicotine cessation for a sub-set who use both products, though the literature is mixed. Past studies also suffer from important limitations, resulting in critical gaps in our understanding, with only 2 secondary analyses published from youth tobacco trials on the impact of co-use. To date, there are no prospective studies that have examined the treatment implications of nicotine-cannabis co-use or the underlying relationship between substances among young adults when engaged in a quit attempt.

Therefore, the overall goal of this project is to characterize and evaluate the underlying relationship between nicotine/tobacco and cannabis and its impact on nicotine cessation through a behavioral economics framework. This study will determine how impactful cannabis co-use may be on nicotine cessation and which individuals who co-use experience greater difficulty achieving cessation. To accomplish this goal, the investigators propose a completely remote, prospective, 12-week nicotine cessation trial among young adults (ages 18-25; N=350) from across the United States who use nicotine (vaping, cigarettes or both) and cannabis products regularly. Nicotine treatment includes remote contingency management (CM), text-based resources and counseling, while cannabis use will not be addressed. Biochemical verification (through oral fluid samples) and self-reports (mobile daily diaries) of substance use will be collected. The aims of this proposed study are to: 1) evaluate the impact of behavioral economically derived measures of substance substitutability on end of treatment nicotine abstinence (Aim 1); 2) determine if treatment-induced nicotine abstinence, reduction, and/or withdrawal (a) is associated with co-occurring changes in cannabis demand and use and (b) if substance substitutability modifies this relationship (Aim 2); and 3) assess the reciprocal prospective relationship between patterns of nicotine and cannabis use during nicotine treatment (Aim 3).

Evaluating nicotine-cannabis co-use as part of a prospective treatment study through a behavioral economics framework has never been conducted and will be important to informing the literature regarding individual co-use pattern differences, compensatory cannabis use, and treatment success. Nicotine cessation treatment in young adults is a growing body of work and the role of cannabis co-use, and results from the proposed study, will inform clinical care and guide tailored treatment recommendations to promote successful and sustained abstinence.

Conditions

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Tobacco Use Disorder Nicotine Dependence

Study Design

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Allocation Method

NA

Intervention Model

SINGLE_GROUP

Primary Study Purpose

TREATMENT

Blinding Strategy

NONE

Study Groups

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Nicotine treatment

All participants recieve active nicotine treatment for 12 weeks.

Group Type OTHER

Counseling

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Research staff will provide skills-based counseling at remote weekly visits, starting at Day 0. Counseling sessions will be brief (\~5-10 minutes) and will focus on strategies for preparing for the quit attempt, dealing with triggers, refusal skills, and enhancing motivation.

Contingency management

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Contingency management (CM): CM will be provided to all study participants to promote abstinence from all nicotine products. Incentives for abstinence (based on submission of a negative cotinine sample) will be provided on an escalating schedule during treatment (Days 8-84).

Text-based support

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

All participants will be provided with evidence-based nicotine cessation resources. For those who are vaping nicotine, participants will be provided information for This is Quitting (SMS text-based program). For those who are primarily smoking cigarettes, NCI's QuitSTART (mobile app, web content), as well SmokefreeTXT (SMS-text based program), will be recommended, potentially in addition to This is Quitting for those using multiple products. These resources provide real time monitoring of nicotine use, mood, triggers and lapses.

Interventions

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Counseling

Research staff will provide skills-based counseling at remote weekly visits, starting at Day 0. Counseling sessions will be brief (\~5-10 minutes) and will focus on strategies for preparing for the quit attempt, dealing with triggers, refusal skills, and enhancing motivation.

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Contingency management

Contingency management (CM): CM will be provided to all study participants to promote abstinence from all nicotine products. Incentives for abstinence (based on submission of a negative cotinine sample) will be provided on an escalating schedule during treatment (Days 8-84).

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Text-based support

All participants will be provided with evidence-based nicotine cessation resources. For those who are vaping nicotine, participants will be provided information for This is Quitting (SMS text-based program). For those who are primarily smoking cigarettes, NCI's QuitSTART (mobile app, web content), as well SmokefreeTXT (SMS-text based program), will be recommended, potentially in addition to This is Quitting for those using multiple products. These resources provide real time monitoring of nicotine use, mood, triggers and lapses.

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* Between the ages of 18 and 25 years old
* Must use at least one nicotine or tobacco product (nicotine vaping and/or cigarettes) on at least 20 out of the past 30 days for at least the past 3 months
* Must express interest in nicotine cessation (all products)
* Must submit a positive instant-read, oral fluid cotinine sample prior to enrollment
* Must report use of cannabis on at least 10 out of the past 30 days
* Must submit a positive instant-read cannabinoid test prior to enrollment
* Must be able to provide informed consent

Exclusion Criteria

* Any significant or acutely unstable medical, psychiatric, or substance use problem that would contraindicate research, interfere with safety, compromise data integrity, or preclude consistent study participation
* Pregnant (self-report) or trying to become pregnant
* Self-reported use of medications with smoking cessation efficacy
* Immediate interest in cannabis cessation or treatment

Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

25 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes