Bonding, Self-effıcacy and Vital Signs in Infants Undergoing Cardiovascular Surgery
NCT ID: NCT06158373
Last Updated: 2023-12-06
Study Results
Results pending
The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.
Basic Information
Get a concise snapshot of the trial, including recruitment status, study phase, enrollment targets, and key timeline milestones.
Recruitment Status
ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING
Clinical Phase
NA
Total Enrollment
36 participants
Study Classification
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Start Date
2020-12-01
Study Completion Date
2024-03-01
Brief Summary
Review the sponsor-provided synopsis that highlights what the study is about and why it is being conducted.
Congenital heart diseases, the most common type of congenital anomalies, which affect approximately 3% of all live births and are the second most common cause of death in infants, are associated with 7% of all neonatal deaths. Among the interventions that can be applied with family-centered care of newborns followed in the intensive care unit, infant massage and safe wrapping are suggested interventions for mother-infant bonding and parental self-efficacy through the infant's sense of touch.
Objective: The aim of this study was to increase mother-infant attachment, increase the self-efficacy of the mother by taking an active role in baby care, reduce the baby's pain and stabilize vital signs, and increase the adaptation of the baby and the mother to the process and reduce the hospitalization day.
In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the effects of maternal massage and safe swaddling on attachment, self-efficacy, and vital signs of the infant in infants undergoing cardiovascular surgery (CVC).
The sample of the study, which was conducted in an experimental design with a pre-test-post-test control group, consisted of 36 infants and their mothers who had CVC between December 2020 and January 2022 and were hospitalized in the intensive care unit. Infant massage (n:12), safe swaddling (n:12) and control group (n:12) mothers were determined by computerized randomization. After the mother-infant pre-assessment questionnaire, Parental Self-Efficacy Scale (PSES) Scale, and Maternal Attachment Inventory (MAI) pre-tests were applied to the mothers, infant massage and safe swaddling instruction were given to the mothers. The hemodynamic findings of the infant were recorded before, during and after the practices. Post-tests were applied before hospital discharge.
Objective: The aim of this study was to increase mother-infant attachment, increase the self-efficacy of the mother by taking an active role in baby care, reduce the baby's pain and stabilize vital signs, and increase the adaptation of the baby and the mother to the process and reduce the hospitalization day.
In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the effects of maternal massage and safe swaddling on attachment, self-efficacy, and vital signs of the infant in infants undergoing cardiovascular surgery (CVC).
The sample of the study, which was conducted in an experimental design with a pre-test-post-test control group, consisted of 36 infants and their mothers who had CVC between December 2020 and January 2022 and were hospitalized in the intensive care unit. Infant massage (n:12), safe swaddling (n:12) and control group (n:12) mothers were determined by computerized randomization. After the mother-infant pre-assessment questionnaire, Parental Self-Efficacy Scale (PSES) Scale, and Maternal Attachment Inventory (MAI) pre-tests were applied to the mothers, infant massage and safe swaddling instruction were given to the mothers. The hemodynamic findings of the infant were recorded before, during and after the practices. Post-tests were applied before hospital discharge.
Detailed Description
Dive into the extended narrative that explains the scientific background, objectives, and procedures in greater depth.
Of the 130 million children born in the world each year, four million die in the neonatal stage. Congenital heart disease (CHD) is a serious congenital anomaly that can be seen at a rate of 5-8 per 1000 live births and is associated with 7% of all neonatal deaths (Aykan et al., 2022; Ertürk, 2016). Although pediatric cardiology and pediatric cardiovascular surgery have advanced, current data show that 21% of infants with congenital heart disease still die in the first month and 40% die due to congenital malformations (Beider et al., 2010). Early diagnosis of CHD, which is difficult to diagnose due to hemodynamic difference, and planning the treatment are important in terms of reducing morbidity and mortality in children (Bulut et al., 2012). While most of the babies with severe heart disease die in the first weeks of their lives, 25% of them need surgical intervention in the first week of their life (Özkan et al., 2010).
Preterm and term newborns, who have to spend the first week of their lives in neonatal intensive care units, are exposed to many invasive procedures (2-3 or 8-10 times a day) and experience pain and stress for different reasons. The pain experienced by the baby can prevent his behavior, family-baby interaction, and the baby's adaptation to the outside world, as well as cause changes in the development of the brain and senses, and growth is negatively affected (Derebent, 2006). By maintaining the balance between medical interventions and good primary care, babies' stress, pain and anxiety symptoms should be reduced. Easy-to-apply, low-cost non-pharmacological methods can be effective alone in pain caused by small invasive interventions; It has been reported that when used together with pharmacological methods, they increase the effectiveness of drugs (Şaduman, 2011).
The mother, whose baby is in the intensive care unit, has difficulties in establishing a close relationship with her child, and the mother's anxiety makes the attachment process more difficult. Effective nursing interventions to meet the needs of parents; helping parents to understand the infant's reactions, expressing their fears and expectations, actively listening to them, answering questions honestly, informing the parent about the treatment plan and program. It is also a nurse's responsibility to ensure mother-child interaction by enabling the mother to participate more in the care of the child (Özyazıcıoğlu, 2009). Increasing maternal experiences is important in mother-infant interaction. The most important component of these interventions is that intensive care nurses help the mother to be a good observer in evaluating her behavior in order to increase the mother's self-confidence in taking care of the baby and to strengthen her better relationship with her baby. The goal is primarily to ensure that the mother perceives her baby positively. Then, it is to give the mother the opportunity to touch, hold, care and observe her baby and to support her to give sensitive and positive reactions to her reactions to environmental stimuli. Thus, the mother's self-confidence, her ability to read the baby's reactions and her ability to meet the baby's needs are increased (Aras et al., 2013). The most commonly used non-pharmacological techniques in the care of these babies are various techniques and therapies such as reducing environmental stimuli, individualized developmental care and evaluation program of the newborn, music therapy, breastfeeding, supporting non-nutritive sucking, giving sweet solution, skin-to-skin contact, changing position, hugging, kangaroo care, massage therapy and wrapping. These techniques and therapies have an improving effect on cardiovascular and skeletal muscle functions (Beider et al., 2010; Yıldız, 2017).
The sense of touch is very important in the child's perception of his environment, especially in the newborn and infancy period. The baby communicates and recognizes his environment through the sense of touch. Appropriate stimulation of the sense of touch supports psychosocial development. Baby massage is a simple, inexpensive and effective technique that is beneficial for baby development. Baby massage is a new practice in our country, which many families are interested in, both for this reason and because it allows parents to freely apply it to their babies. Touch is proof of love. The creation of mother-father-infant interaction and the development of healthy attachment affect the development of the baby and his whole life. The family's loving attachment to the baby is the most important factor that accelerates its healthy growth and development. Massage; It is the mechanical and nervous stimulation of the skin, subcutaneous adipose tissue, muscles, internal organs, metabolism, circulation and lymph system for therapeutic and/or protective purposes. Many positive effects such as providing relaxation, reducing painful muscle tensions, relieving sleep problems and pain, improving self-esteem in individuals with physical disorders and terminal illness, and managing mental health problems can be achieved with massage application (Gürol, 2010). In addition, baby massage is between mother and baby.
Preterm and term newborns, who have to spend the first week of their lives in neonatal intensive care units, are exposed to many invasive procedures (2-3 or 8-10 times a day) and experience pain and stress for different reasons. The pain experienced by the baby can prevent his behavior, family-baby interaction, and the baby's adaptation to the outside world, as well as cause changes in the development of the brain and senses, and growth is negatively affected (Derebent, 2006). By maintaining the balance between medical interventions and good primary care, babies' stress, pain and anxiety symptoms should be reduced. Easy-to-apply, low-cost non-pharmacological methods can be effective alone in pain caused by small invasive interventions; It has been reported that when used together with pharmacological methods, they increase the effectiveness of drugs (Şaduman, 2011).
The mother, whose baby is in the intensive care unit, has difficulties in establishing a close relationship with her child, and the mother's anxiety makes the attachment process more difficult. Effective nursing interventions to meet the needs of parents; helping parents to understand the infant's reactions, expressing their fears and expectations, actively listening to them, answering questions honestly, informing the parent about the treatment plan and program. It is also a nurse's responsibility to ensure mother-child interaction by enabling the mother to participate more in the care of the child (Özyazıcıoğlu, 2009). Increasing maternal experiences is important in mother-infant interaction. The most important component of these interventions is that intensive care nurses help the mother to be a good observer in evaluating her behavior in order to increase the mother's self-confidence in taking care of the baby and to strengthen her better relationship with her baby. The goal is primarily to ensure that the mother perceives her baby positively. Then, it is to give the mother the opportunity to touch, hold, care and observe her baby and to support her to give sensitive and positive reactions to her reactions to environmental stimuli. Thus, the mother's self-confidence, her ability to read the baby's reactions and her ability to meet the baby's needs are increased (Aras et al., 2013). The most commonly used non-pharmacological techniques in the care of these babies are various techniques and therapies such as reducing environmental stimuli, individualized developmental care and evaluation program of the newborn, music therapy, breastfeeding, supporting non-nutritive sucking, giving sweet solution, skin-to-skin contact, changing position, hugging, kangaroo care, massage therapy and wrapping. These techniques and therapies have an improving effect on cardiovascular and skeletal muscle functions (Beider et al., 2010; Yıldız, 2017).
The sense of touch is very important in the child's perception of his environment, especially in the newborn and infancy period. The baby communicates and recognizes his environment through the sense of touch. Appropriate stimulation of the sense of touch supports psychosocial development. Baby massage is a simple, inexpensive and effective technique that is beneficial for baby development. Baby massage is a new practice in our country, which many families are interested in, both for this reason and because it allows parents to freely apply it to their babies. Touch is proof of love. The creation of mother-father-infant interaction and the development of healthy attachment affect the development of the baby and his whole life. The family's loving attachment to the baby is the most important factor that accelerates its healthy growth and development. Massage; It is the mechanical and nervous stimulation of the skin, subcutaneous adipose tissue, muscles, internal organs, metabolism, circulation and lymph system for therapeutic and/or protective purposes. Many positive effects such as providing relaxation, reducing painful muscle tensions, relieving sleep problems and pain, improving self-esteem in individuals with physical disorders and terminal illness, and managing mental health problems can be achieved with massage application (Gürol, 2010). In addition, baby massage is between mother and baby.
Conditions
See the medical conditions and disease areas that this research is targeting or investigating.
Mother-Infant Interaction
Keywords
Explore important study keywords that can help with search, categorization, and topic discovery.
maternal
infant massage
safe swaddling
touching
congenital heart disease
Study Design
Understand how the trial is structured, including allocation methods, masking strategies, primary purpose, and other design elements.
Allocation Method
RANDOMIZED
Intervention Model
PARALLEL
Randomized controlled experimental design with pretest posttest control group
Primary Study Purpose
HEALTH_SERVICES_RESEARCH
Blinding Strategy
NONE
Study Groups
Review each arm or cohort in the study, along with the interventions and objectives associated with them.
Infant Massage Group
infant massage
Group Type
EXPERIMENTAL
infant massage practice
Intervention Type
OTHER
infant massage practice
Safe Swaddling Group
safe swaddling
Group Type
EXPERIMENTAL
Safe Swaddling
Intervention Type
OTHER
Safe Swaddling
Control Group
control group
Group Type
SHAM_COMPARATOR
Control
Intervention Type
OTHER
Control
Interventions
Learn about the drugs, procedures, or behavioral strategies being tested and how they are applied within this trial.
infant massage practice
infant massage practice
Intervention Type
OTHER
Safe Swaddling
Safe Swaddling
Intervention Type
OTHER
Control
Control
Intervention Type
OTHER
Eligibility Criteria
Check the participation requirements, including inclusion and exclusion rules, age limits, and whether healthy volunteers are accepted.
Inclusion Criteria
* Born term,
* Those who have undergone CVS surgery and sternatomy
* Pediatric CVD intensive care unit patients
* Extubated
* Watched accompanied by his mother
* Can be breastfed by his mother
* Can be fed enterally
* No arrhythmia
* Clotting factors are within normal limits
* Baby and mother with 'Not at Risk' or PCR result 'Negative'
* Babies whose mothers accept the training and practice within the scope of the research.
* Those who have undergone CVS surgery and sternatomy
* Pediatric CVD intensive care unit patients
* Extubated
* Watched accompanied by his mother
* Can be breastfed by his mother
* Can be fed enterally
* No arrhythmia
* Clotting factors are within normal limits
* Baby and mother with 'Not at Risk' or PCR result 'Negative'
* Babies whose mothers accept the training and practice within the scope of the research.
Exclusion Criteria
* Those with 'Risky' or PCR result 'Positive' baby and mother during follow-up
* Sudden weight loss or acute gastrointestinal system problems
* Babies who are at risk of bleeding and cannot feed (with chylothorax etc.)
* Extubated babies with risk of reintubation and respiratory distress
* Babies whose mothers leave them for various reasons.
* Sudden weight loss or acute gastrointestinal system problems
* Babies who are at risk of bleeding and cannot feed (with chylothorax etc.)
* Extubated babies with risk of reintubation and respiratory distress
* Babies whose mothers leave them for various reasons.
Minimum Eligible Age
3 Months
Maximum Eligible Age
120 Days
Eligible Sex
ALL
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
No
Sponsors
Meet the organizations funding or collaborating on the study and learn about their roles.
Istanbul University - Cerrahpasa
OTHER
Sponsor Role
lead
Responsible Party
Identify the individual or organization who holds primary responsibility for the study information submitted to regulators.
Sirin Celik
Supervisor : Assoc. Prof. Dr.
Responsibility Role
PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
Principal Investigators
Learn about the lead researchers overseeing the trial and their institutional affiliations.
İlkay Gungor Satilmis, Doc.Dr.
Role: STUDY_DIRECTOR
İstanbul University-Cerrahpaşa
Locations
Explore where the study is taking place and check the recruitment status at each participating site.
Sirin Celik
Maltepe, Istanbul, Turkey (Türkiye)
Site Status
Countries
Review the countries where the study has at least one active or historical site.
Turkey (Türkiye)
References
Explore related publications, articles, or registry entries linked to this study.
Afand N, Keshavarz M, Fatemi NS, Montazeri A. Effects of infant massage on state anxiety in mothers of preterm infants prior to hospital discharge. J Clin Nurs. 2017 Jul;26(13-14):1887-1892. doi: 10.1111/jocn.13498. Epub 2017 Mar 24.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Beider S, Boulanger KT, Joshi M, Pan YP, Chang RK. Measuring the effects of massage on exercise performance and cardiopulmonary response in children with and without heart disease: a pilot study. Int J Ther Massage Bodywork. 2010 Sep 28;3(3):12-6. doi: 10.3822/ijtmb.v3i3.86.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Field T, Gonzalez G, Diego M, Mindell J. Mothers massaging their newborns with lotion versus no lotion enhances mothers' and newborns' sleep. Infant Behav Dev. 2016 Nov;45(Pt A):31-37. doi: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2016.08.004. Epub 2016 Sep 3.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Vicente S, Verissimo M, Diniz E. Infant massage improves attitudes toward childbearing, maternal satisfaction and pleasure in parenting. Infant Behav Dev. 2017 Nov;49:114-119. doi: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2017.08.006. Epub 2017 Sep 1.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Ferentzi H, Rippe RCA, Latour JM, Schubert S, Girch A, Jonebratt Stocker M, Pfitzer C, Photiadis J, Sandica E, Berger F, Schmitt KRL. Family-Centered Care at Pediatric Cardiac Intensive Care Units in Germany and the Relationship With Parent and Infant Well-Being: A Study Protocol. Front Pediatr. 2021 Aug 12;9:666904. doi: 10.3389/fped.2021.666904. eCollection 2021.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Re JM, Dean S, Mullaert J, Guedeney A, Menahem S. Maternal Distress and Infant Social Withdrawal (ADBB) Following Infant Cardiac Surgery for Congenital Heart Disease. World J Pediatr Congenit Heart Surg. 2018 Nov;9(6):624-637. doi: 10.1177/2150135118788788.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Kasparian NA, Kan JM, Sood E, Wray J, Pincus HA, Newburger JW. Mental health care for parents of babies with congenital heart disease during intensive care unit admission: Systematic review and statement of best practice. Early Hum Dev. 2019 Dec;139:104837. doi: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2019.104837. Epub 2019 Aug 24.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Gaskin K, Kennedy F. Care of infants, children and adults with congenital heart disease. Nurs Stand. 2019 Jul 26;34(8):37-42. doi: 10.7748/ns.2019.e11405.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Bowlby J. Attachment and loss: retrospect and prospect. Am J Orthopsychiatry. 1982 Oct;52(4):664-678. doi: 10.1111/j.1939-0025.1982.tb01456.x. No abstract available.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Wittkowski A, Garrett C, Calam R, Weisberg D. Self-Report Measures of Parental Self-Efficacy: A Systematic Review of the Current Literature. J Child Fam Stud. 2017;26(11):2960-2978. doi: 10.1007/s10826-017-0830-5. Epub 2017 Jul 6.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Pados BF, McGlothen-Bell K. Benefits of Infant Massage for Infants and Parents in the NICU. Nurs Womens Health. 2019 Jun;23(3):265-271. doi: 10.1016/j.nwh.2019.03.004. Epub 2019 May 3.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Serrano MS, Doren FM, Wilson L. Teaching Chilean mothers to massage their full-term infants: effects on maternal breast-feeding and infant weight gain at age 2 and 4 months. J Perinat Neonatal Nurs. 2010 Apr-Jun;24(2):172-81. doi: 10.1097/JPN.0b013e3181db5377.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Field T. Massage therapy research review. Complement Ther Clin Pract. 2014 Nov;20(4):224-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2014.07.002. Epub 2014 Aug 1.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Pease AS, Fleming PJ, Hauck FR, Moon RY, Horne RS, L'Hoir MP, Ponsonby AL, Blair PS. Swaddling and the Risk of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome: A Meta-analysis. Pediatrics. 2016 Jun;137(6):e20153275. doi: 10.1542/peds.2015-3275. Epub 2016 May 9.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Barry ES. Co-sleeping as a proximal context for infant development: The importance of physical touch. Infant Behav Dev. 2019 Nov;57:101385. doi: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2019.101385. Epub 2019 Oct 23.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Dixley A, Ball HL. The effect of swaddling on infant sleep and arousal: A systematic review and narrative synthesis. Front Pediatr. 2022 Nov 30;10:1000180. doi: 10.3389/fped.2022.1000180. eCollection 2022.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Heo YJ, Oh WO. The effectiveness of a parent participation improvement program for parents on partnership, attachment infant growth in a neonatal intensive care unit: A randomized controlled trial. Int J Nurs Stud. 2019 Jul;95:19-27. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2019.03.018. Epub 2019 Apr 2.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Golfenshtein N, Hanlon AL, Deatrick JA, Medoff-Cooper B. Parenting stress trajectories during infancy in infants with congenital heart disease: Comparison of single-ventricle and biventricular heart physiology. Congenit Heart Dis. 2019 Nov;14(6):1113-1122. doi: 10.1111/chd.12858. Epub 2019 Oct 27.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
McClung N, Glidewell J, Farr SL. Financial burdens and mental health needs in families of children with congenital heart disease. Congenit Heart Dis. 2018 Jul;13(4):554-562. doi: 10.1111/chd.12605. Epub 2018 Apr 6.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Elgersma KM, McKechnie AC, Schorr EN, Shah KM, Trebilcock AL, Ramel SE, Ambrose MB, Swanson NM, Sommerness SA, Spatz DL. The Impact of Human Milk on Outcomes for Infants with Congenital Heart Disease: A Systematic Review. Breastfeed Med. 2022 May;17(5):393-411. doi: 10.1089/bfm.2021.0334. Epub 2022 Feb 15.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Jin X, Ni W, Wang G, Wu Q, Zhang J, Li G, Jiao N, Chen W, Liu Q, Gao L, Xing Q. Incidence and risk factors of congenital heart disease in Qingdao: a prospective cohort study. BMC Public Health. 2021 Jun 2;21(1):1044. doi: 10.1186/s12889-021-11034-x.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Mosiman W, Pile D. Emerging therapies in pediatric pain management. J Infus Nurs. 2013 Mar-Apr;36(2):98-106. doi: 10.1097/NAN.0b013e318282a8a5.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Fratellone PM, Steinfeld L, Coplan NL. Exercise and congenital heart disease. Am Heart J. 1994 Jun;127(6):1676-80. doi: 10.1016/0002-8703(94)90425-1. No abstract available.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Peterson JK. Supporting Optimal Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Infants and Children With Congenital Heart Disease. Crit Care Nurse. 2018 Jun;38(3):68-74. doi: 10.4037/ccn2018514.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Kelly BA, Irigoyen MM, Pomerantz SC, Mondesir M, Isaza-Brando N. Swaddling and Infant Sleeping Practices. J Community Health. 2017 Feb;42(1):10-14. doi: 10.1007/s10900-016-0219-1.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
van Sleuwen BE, Engelberts AC, Boere-Boonekamp MM, Kuis W, Schulpen TW, L'Hoir MP. Swaddling: a systematic review. Pediatrics. 2007 Oct;120(4):e1097-106. doi: 10.1542/peds.2006-2083.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Fang Y, Boelens M, Windhorst DA, Raat H, van Grieken A. Factors associated with parenting self-efficacy: A systematic review. J Adv Nurs. 2021 Jun;77(6):2641-2661. doi: 10.1111/jan.14767. Epub 2021 Feb 15.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Vance AJ, Pan W, Malcolm WH, Brandon DH. Development of parenting self-efficacy in mothers of high-risk infants. Early Hum Dev. 2020 Feb;141:104946. doi: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2019.104946. Epub 2019 Dec 31.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Harrison TM, Brown R, Duffey T, Frey C, Bailey J, Nist MD, Renner L, Fitch J. Effects of Massage on Postoperative Pain in Infants With Complex Congenital Heart Disease. Nurs Res. 2020 Sep/Oct;69(5S Suppl 1):S36-S46. doi: 10.1097/NNR.0000000000000459.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Jordan B, Franich-Ray C, Albert N, Anderson V, Northam E, Cochrane A, Menahem S. Early mother-infant relationships after cardiac surgery in infancy. Arch Dis Child. 2014 Jul;99(7):641-5. doi: 10.1136/archdischild-2012-303488. Epub 2014 Mar 17.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Shoghi M, Sohrabi S, Rasouli M. The Effects of Massage by Mothers on Mother-Infant Attachment. Altern Ther Health Med. 2018 May;24(3):34-39.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Kohlhoff J, Barnett B. Parenting self-efficacy: links with maternal depression, infant behaviour and adult attachment. Early Hum Dev. 2013 Apr;89(4):249-56. doi: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2013.01.008. Epub 2013 Feb 8.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Bernard NK, Bogat GA, Kashy DA, Lonstein JS, Levendosky AA. Prenatal and postnatal intimate partner violence, depression, and infant-mother touch. Infant Behav Dev. 2022 May;67:101703. doi: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2022.101703. Epub 2022 Feb 25.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Crucianelli L, Wheatley L, Filippetti ML, Jenkinson PM, Kirk E, Fotopoulou AK. The mindedness of maternal touch: An investigation of maternal mind-mindedness and mother-infant touch interactions. Dev Cogn Neurosci. 2019 Feb;35:47-56. doi: 10.1016/j.dcn.2018.01.010. Epub 2018 Jan 31.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Nelson AM. Risks and Benefits of Swaddling Healthy Infants: An Integrative Review. MCN Am J Matern Child Nurs. 2017 Jul/Aug;42(4):216-225. doi: 10.1097/NMC.0000000000000344.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Rudnicki J, Boberski M, Butrymowicz E, Niedbalski P, Ogniewski P, Niedbalski M, Niedbalski Z, Podraza W, Podraza H. Recording of amplitude-integrated electroencephalography, oxygen saturation, pulse rate, and cerebral blood flow during massage of premature infants. Am J Perinatol. 2012 Aug;29(7):561-6. doi: 10.1055/s-0032-1310529. Epub 2012 Apr 11.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Rana D, Garde K, Elabiad MT, Pourcyrous M. Whole body massage for newborns: A report on non-invasive methodology for neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome. J Neonatal Perinatal Med. 2022;15(3):559-565. doi: 10.3233/NPM-220989.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Nyaga E, Esamai F, Kyololo O. Effect of massage therapy on preterm neonate's body temperature. Afr Health Sci. 2021 Sep;21(3):1334-1339. doi: 10.4314/ahs.v21i3.44.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Chanvorachote P, Jirachotdecho K, Suksumek N. A Randomized Controlled Trial of Evaluating the Efficacy of Alternative Swaddles for Body Temperature Control of Newborns. In Vivo. 2022 Jul-Aug;36(4):1966-1970. doi: 10.21873/invivo.12919.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Other Identifiers
Review additional registry numbers or institutional identifiers associated with this trial.
İlkay Güngör Satılmış
Identifier Type: REGISTRY
Identifier Source: secondary_id
SCelik
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id