The Effect of Increasing Physical Activity or Reducing Mobile Phone Use on Mental Health in Young People in Austria

NCT ID: NCT06153524

Last Updated: 2023-12-01

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

Get a concise snapshot of the trial, including recruitment status, study phase, enrollment targets, and key timeline milestones.

Recruitment Status

RECRUITING

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

144 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2023-10-09

Study Completion Date

2025-04-30

Brief Summary

Review the sponsor-provided synopsis that highlights what the study is about and why it is being conducted.

Introduction: Data show adolescent mental health has declined in recent years, possibly due to increased uncertainty and loss of opportunities. The SPARKY study aims to test an at-home intervention which aims to promote autonomous healthy levels of physical activity and smartphone use, in turn reducing clinical mental illness symptoms and increasing wellbeing.

Methods and analysis: Adolescents (14-19 years) in Austria and Germany will be recruited and randomised into one of three groups (physical activity, smartphone, control). The physical activity (PA) and smartphone time (ST) groups will be guided over 12-weeks to increase PA or decrease ST respectively. All groups will objectively measure PA using wrist-worn trackers and ST using an app and will regularly self-report on standardised mental health scales. Analyses will be run to assess the pre-post changes in mental health in the intervention groups compared to the control.

Ethics and dissemination: The conduct of the trial was approved by the institutional research ethics board and written informed consent will be obtained from participants and the parents of those under 18. Data will be stored open access. Findings will be disseminated through conferences, media interviews and publications to peer-reviewed journals.

Overall, mental health interventions are sorely needed in adolescents to counteract the effects of the pandemic and other uncertainties. The at-home nature of the intervention will promote autonomous healthy habit formation in youth.

Detailed Description

Dive into the extended narrative that explains the scientific background, objectives, and procedures in greater depth.

Design: A three-arm randomised controlled trial with a physical activity group, a smartphone-use group and a control group. Outcome assessments are to be conducted at baseline, biweekly during the intervention, at three months (post-intervention), and at one month, six months and one year post-intervention (follow-ups). The study is not blinded.

Hypotheses:

The predictions can be divided into two categories: 1. improvements in mental health and 2. assessing behaviour change. All hypotheses are directional.

1. Mental health:

* The primary hypothesis is that the intervention groups will show a greater improvement in their mental health than the control group from pre- to post-intervention.
* Secondly, it is predicted that these improvements in mental health will be sustained at the follow-up stage.
* Thirdly, those individuals who meet the goals will have better mental health than those who do not.
2. Behaviour change:

* As a measure of the success of the intervention, it is predicted that those in the intervention groups will be more likely to meet the physical activity and screen time goals at post-intervention and follow-up than the control group.
* Finally, it can be predicted that merely tracking daily activity and screen time is enough to promote some behaviour change and therefore it is predicted that the control group will be more likely to meet the goals at post-intervention than pre-intervention.

Conditions

See the medical conditions and disease areas that this research is targeting or investigating.

Mental Health Issue

Keywords

Explore important study keywords that can help with search, categorization, and topic discovery.

intervention adolescent exercise Fitbit smartphone depression well-being

Study Design

Understand how the trial is structured, including allocation methods, masking strategies, primary purpose, and other design elements.

Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

A three-arm randomised controlled trial
Primary Study Purpose

PREVENTION

Blinding Strategy

NONE

Due to the nature of the interventions, no blinding can be involved

Study Groups

Review each arm or cohort in the study, along with the interventions and objectives associated with them.

Physical Activity

The PA group will be guided by sports scientists to progressively build up to 60-minutes of daily moderate-vigorous exercise. The goals will be tailored to existing activity levels so as not to increase physical activity too quickly and will be set out in an action plan to be handed out at the beginning of the intervention. For the autonomous PA plan, participants from the PA group will be given Fitbits and a comprehensive manual of instructions to help them build their own weekly plan, and they will participate in weekly online meetings. The manual is structured with four main sections: 1. General information on training, 2. Moderate activity, 3. Vigorous activity, 4. Training agenda. The latter is for the participants to fill in after every training session. This information is then cross-checked by the PA specialists with the comments gathered during the weekly meetings.

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Physical activity

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

12x weekly advice sessions and autonomous physical activity to gradually build up moderate-vigorous exercise.

Smartphone

The ST group will be guided by psychologists/psychotherapists to reduce their average daily phone use by 50% over the first two months of the intervention and to maintain this for the final month, and this will be measured using a screen time recording application. This intervention group will receive a list of nudge strategies (adapted from Olson et al., 2022) to add small barriers which guide them into reducing their phone use (e.g. disabling notifications, not using phone in bed). Participants will select three strategies (minimum) to try in the first month, then an additional two (minimum) for the second month. They will also receive a list of potential replacement activities to do instead of using their phone and are asked to choose which activities they want to try and/or list their own ideas. How easy/difficult each strategy is, how enjoyable the replacement activities are, and whether they want to change will be discussed in the meetings.

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Smartphone time

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

12x weekly advice sessions and autonomous use of replacement activities and strategies to gradually reduce daily smartphone use.

Control

The control group will receive basic written explanatory information on the study and will then simply record all their physical activity and screen time, without being set specific goals. This group will receive a list of mental health resources, all materials for increasing physical activity and reducing screen time and will be invited to a psychoeducation talk at the end of the study.

Group Type NO_INTERVENTION

No interventions assigned to this group

Interventions

Learn about the drugs, procedures, or behavioral strategies being tested and how they are applied within this trial.

Physical activity

12x weekly advice sessions and autonomous physical activity to gradually build up moderate-vigorous exercise.

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Smartphone time

12x weekly advice sessions and autonomous use of replacement activities and strategies to gradually reduce daily smartphone use.

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Eligibility Criteria

Check the participation requirements, including inclusion and exclusion rules, age limits, and whether healthy volunteers are accepted.

Inclusion Criteria

* aged 14-19
* own a smartphone
* use their phones more than 4 hours per days
* do less than 60 minutes of vigorous sport on 3 days per week and/or less than 60 minutes of moderate activity on 5 days per week.
* conduct work/school in German
* hair at least 1cm long

Exclusion Criteria

* should not be in current medical care or have physical constraints which affect movement.
* should not have a diagnosis of schizophrenia/psychotic disorder, substance use disorder, symptoms of an eating disorder (≥2 positive answers on SCOFF questionnaire).
* should not have dyed hair. Participants will complete an online screening questionnaire to assess eligibility for inclusion.
Minimum Eligible Age

14 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

19 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Sponsors

Meet the organizations funding or collaborating on the study and learn about their roles.

University of Innsbruck

UNKNOWN

Sponsor Role collaborator

University of Vienna

OTHER

Sponsor Role collaborator

Danube University Krems

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

Identify the individual or organization who holds primary responsibility for the study information submitted to regulators.

Rachel Dale

Dr

Responsibility Role PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

Learn about the lead researchers overseeing the trial and their institutional affiliations.

Rachel Dale, PhD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

University for Continuing Education Krems

Locations

Explore where the study is taking place and check the recruitment status at each participating site.

University for Continuing Education Krems

Krems, Lower Austria, Austria

Site Status RECRUITING

Countries

Review the countries where the study has at least one active or historical site.

Austria

Central Contacts

Reach out to these primary contacts for questions about participation or study logistics.

Rachel Dale, PhD

Role: CONTACT

Phone: +4327328932531

Email: [email protected]

Teresa O'Rourke

Role: CONTACT

Email: [email protected]

Facility Contacts

Find local site contact details for specific facilities participating in the trial.

Rachel Dale, PhD

Role: primary

Teresa O'Rourke

Role: backup

References

Explore related publications, articles, or registry entries linked to this study.

Spitzer RL, Kroenke K, Williams JB. Validation and utility of a self-report version of PRIME-MD: the PHQ primary care study. Primary Care Evaluation of Mental Disorders. Patient Health Questionnaire. JAMA. 1999 Nov 10;282(18):1737-44. doi: 10.1001/jama.282.18.1737.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 10568646 (View on PubMed)

Lowe B, Kroenke K, Herzog W, Grafe K. Measuring depression outcome with a brief self-report instrument: sensitivity to change of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). J Affect Disord. 2004 Jul;81(1):61-6. doi: 10.1016/S0165-0327(03)00198-8.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 15183601 (View on PubMed)

Richardson LP, McCauley E, Grossman DC, McCarty CA, Richards J, Russo JE, Rockhill C, Katon W. Evaluation of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 Item for detecting major depression among adolescents. Pediatrics. 2010 Dec;126(6):1117-23. doi: 10.1542/peds.2010-0852. Epub 2010 Nov 1.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 21041282 (View on PubMed)

Spitzer RL, Kroenke K, Williams JB, Lowe B. A brief measure for assessing generalized anxiety disorder: the GAD-7. Arch Intern Med. 2006 May 22;166(10):1092-7. doi: 10.1001/archinte.166.10.1092.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 16717171 (View on PubMed)

Lowe B, Decker O, Muller S, Brahler E, Schellberg D, Herzog W, Herzberg PY. Validation and standardization of the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Screener (GAD-7) in the general population. Med Care. 2008 Mar;46(3):266-74. doi: 10.1097/MLR.0b013e318160d093.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 18388841 (View on PubMed)

Klein EM, Brahler E, Dreier M, Reinecke L, Muller KW, Schmutzer G, Wolfling K, Beutel ME. The German version of the Perceived Stress Scale - psychometric characteristics in a representative German community sample. BMC Psychiatry. 2016 May 23;16:159. doi: 10.1186/s12888-016-0875-9.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 27216151 (View on PubMed)

Haghayegh S, Khoshnevis S, Smolensky MH, Diller KR, Castriotta RJ. Accuracy of Wristband Fitbit Models in Assessing Sleep: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Med Internet Res. 2019 Nov 28;21(11):e16273. doi: 10.2196/16273.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 31778122 (View on PubMed)

Morin CM, Belleville G, Belanger L, Ivers H. The Insomnia Severity Index: psychometric indicators to detect insomnia cases and evaluate treatment response. Sleep. 2011 May 1;34(5):601-8. doi: 10.1093/sleep/34.5.601.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 21532953 (View on PubMed)

Kwon M, Kim DJ, Cho H, Yang S. The smartphone addiction scale: development and validation of a short version for adolescents. PLoS One. 2013 Dec 31;8(12):e83558. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0083558. eCollection 2013.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 24391787 (View on PubMed)

Schmidt J, Lamprecht F, Wittmann WW. [Satisfaction with inpatient management. Development of a questionnaire and initial validity studies]. Psychother Psychosom Med Psychol. 1989 Jul;39(7):248-55. German.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 2762479 (View on PubMed)

Dale R, Jesser A, Pieh C, O'Rourke T, Probst T, Humer E. Mental health burden of high school students, and suggestions for psychosocial support, 1.5 years into the COVID-19 pandemic in Austria. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2023 Jun;32(6):1015-1024. doi: 10.1007/s00787-022-02032-4. Epub 2022 Jul 28.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 35900473 (View on PubMed)

Related Links

Access external resources that provide additional context or updates about the study.

https://osf.io/m5wzv

Pre-registration of the study plan following open science principles

Other Identifiers

Review additional registry numbers or institutional identifiers associated with this trial.

3757

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id