Discovery of New Cancer in the 1-year Follow-up After Ischemic Stroke in Patients at Risk: The INVISIBLE-1 Study

NCT ID: NCT06100718

Last Updated: 2024-12-13

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

RECRUITING

Total Enrollment

370 participants

Study Classification

OBSERVATIONAL

Study Start Date

2022-01-01

Study Completion Date

2025-12-31

Brief Summary

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INVISIBLE-1 aims to prospectively follow patients up to one year after ischemic stroke to:

1. Determine the cumulative incidence of occult cancer in patients with embolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS) and elevated D-dimer
2. Describe occult cancer characteristics and spontaneous course of occult cancer

Methodology

The investigators will include 370 stroke patients with elevated D-dimer (≥ 820 μg/L) at the time of stroke, suspicion of ESUS after initial workup and without known cancer. The investigators will perform a follow-up telephone interview at one year to assess the occurrence of a new cancer and characterize the course of the disease.

Significance

Determining the real incidence of occult cancer in high-risk patients will help support the implementation of screening trials in the future. Faster detection and treatment of occult cancers would significantly impact patient' outcomes by offering faster cancer treatment and optimal secondary stroke prevention.

Detailed Description

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INVISIBLE-1 is the first prospective study conducting a 1-year post-stroke follow-up telephone interview in preselected stroke patients at high-risk for occult cancer.

INVISIBLE-1 aims to:

1. Prospectively determine the cumulative incidence of occult cancer in patients with elevated D-dimer and ESUS within 1 year after the ischemic stroke
2. Describe occult cancer characteristics and spontaneous course of occult cancer

Hypothesis

Elevated D-dimer and suspicion of ESUS at admission may predict an underlying unknown cancer at the time of index stroke. The investigators hypothesize that the cumulative incidence of newly diagnosed cancer within 1 year after stroke reaches 15% in patients presenting these characteristics. This percentage is higher than the 10% currently known according to available retrospective studies.

Project design

To ensure the recruitment of the majority of potential occult cancer patients, the investigators set the D-dimer cut-off for inclusion of ≥ 820 μg/L at admission, based on our intern retrospective analyses of 1001 patients (OCCULT-5 score). In patients with ESUS, this cut-off was associated with a sensitivity of 91% and a specificity of 56% for the presence of an occult cancer diagnosed within 1 year after the index-stroke.

As suggested by the current evidence, the investigators decided to set the limit for diagnosis of new cancer at 1 year after the index stroke. Beyond this period, the causality is questionable in our opinion.

Conditions

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Cancer-related Stroke Paraneoplastic Coagulopathy Occult Cancer Ischemic Stroke Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source D-dimer

Keywords

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Cancer-related stroke D-dimer ESUS Occult cancer Ischemic stroke

Study Design

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Observational Model Type

COHORT

Study Time Perspective

PROSPECTIVE

Study Groups

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Study group

Acute ischemic stroke patients at high-risk for underlying occult cancer (elevated D-dimer and suspicion of ESUS at admission)

No interventions assigned to this group

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* Informed consent as documented by signature from patient or next of kin
* Age ≥ 18 years old
* Acute ischemic stroke with symptom onset within 48 h before admission
* Acute ischemic stroke with:

* persistent signs and symptoms of stroke lasting for ≥ 24 hours OR
* acute brain infarction documented by computer tomography (CT) or MRI
* D-dimer ≥ 820 μg/L measured after symptom-onset and within 24h after admission
* Embolic stroke of unknown source (ESUS)\* after initial work-up (acute cerebral imaging, 12-lead electrocardiogram, cardiac monitoring for at least 24h and echocardiography)

Exclusion Criteria

* Active cancer\*\* known at time of index-stroke
* Intravenous Thrombolysis administrated prior to D-dimer measurement: Use of external laboratory value possible if available
* New diagnosis of central nervous system cancer
* Patient or next of kin (in case of lacking capacity) unlikely to be compliant or available for study follow-up interview

ESUS\*: According to the definition from the NAVIGATE ESUS randomized trial: Non-lacunar ischemic stroke occurring in a patient in whom investigations did not show another specifically treatable underlying stroke etiology, primarily \>50% stenosis in a proximal extracranial or intracranial artery, atrial fibrillation, other major-risk cardioembolic sources, or other determined etiology.

Active Cancer\*\*: According to the definition from the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis: Cancer diagnosed within the previous six months, recurrent, regionally advanced or metastatic cancer, cancer for which treatment had been administered within six months, or hematological malignancy that is not in complete remission for more than 5 years.

► Patients with history of cancer not meeting these criteria anymore can be included in the study.
Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sponsors

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Insel Gruppe AG, University Hospital Bern

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Responsibility Role SPONSOR

Principal Investigators

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Simon Jung, MD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Inselspital, University of Bern

Locations

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Dept. of Neurology, Centre Hospital Universitaire Vaudois

Lausanne, Canton of Vaud, Switzerland

Site Status RECRUITING

Dept. of Neurology, Universitätsspital Basel

Basel, , Switzerland

Site Status RECRUITING

Dept, of Neurology, Inselspital, University of Bern

Bern, , Switzerland

Site Status RECRUITING

Countries

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Switzerland

Central Contacts

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Simon Jung, MD

Role: CONTACT

Phone: +41 31 63 2 43 27

Email: [email protected]

Morin Beyeler, MD

Role: CONTACT

Phone: +41 31 66 4 12 26

Email: [email protected]

Facility Contacts

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Michel Patrik

Role: primary

Davide Strambo

Role: backup

Mira Katan, MD

Role: primary

Johannes Frenger

Role: backup

Simon Jung, MD

Role: primary

Morin Beyeler, MD

Role: backup

Other Identifiers

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2021-01797

Identifier Type: OTHER

Identifier Source: secondary_id

2021-01797

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id