Repurposing Empagliflozin and Dapagliflozin for Paediatric Heart Failure: Translational Approach and Dose Rationale

NCT ID: NCT06012266

Last Updated: 2024-02-07

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

NOT_YET_RECRUITING

Clinical Phase

PHASE2

Total Enrollment

12 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2024-08-31

Study Completion Date

2025-08-31

Brief Summary

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This study aims at exploring the use of Dapagliflozin and Empagliflozin in children and adolescents 6-18 years old with heart failure. These molecules are effective in reducing hospitalisations and mortality in adults with heart failure and are used in adolescents with type 2 diabetes mellitus, but little is known on children with heart failure. Particularly, the best dose to use in this population is currently unknown. This trial aims to:

1. define a dose rationale for this indication and age group (pharmacokinetic study),
2. assess and monitor safety,
3. assess ease-of-swallow,
4. explore middle-term (4-6 weeks) efficacy and efficacy markers.

Participants will be asked to attend 4 study visits over 4-6 weeks, and one end-study visit 2-12 weeks thereafter. Visits 1 and 3 will entail an 8h day-hospital stay, while Visits 2, 4 and the end-study visit will be outpatient clinics (approximately 2h). Participants will be asked to take the studied drug once daily during the 4-6 weeks of the study period.

All participants will take both Dapagliflozin and Empagliflozin: 6 will start with Dapagliflozin first (Visits 1-2) and then switch to Empagliflozin (Visits 3-4), while 6 will start with Empagliflozin first (Visits 1-2) and then switch to Dapagliflozin (Visits 3-4). No comparison group is foreseen for this study.

Detailed Description

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Paediatric heart failure is a relevant healthcare issue, with almost 15'000 yearly hospitalizations just in the USA. Sadly, current heart failure therapy in Paediatrics is still unsatisfactory, with high in-hospital (7-26%), and 5-year mortality (30%-50%).

Among the recent improvements in adult heart failure management, impressive is the discovery that Dapagliflozin and Empagliflozin are able to reduce cardiovascular death or worsening heart failure by 25% on top of optimal medical therapy. Indeed, since 2021, they have been recommended as part of standard heart failure therapy.

In the past, paediatric heart failure trials often failed, mainly because of suboptimal dose or inappropriate formulations and endpoints.

This phase II.a, cross-over, open-label trial is designed to characterize pharmacokinetics (primary outcome), palatability, safety and explore potential efficacy markers (secondary outcomes) of Dapagliflozin and Empagliflozin in 12 heart failure children, so to inform the design and performance of subsequent, state-of-the-art, high-quality efficacy trials.

Participants will first receive Drug A (either Dapagliflozin, n=6, or Empagliflozin, n=6) during 3-5 weeks, followed by the other molecule (Drug B) for 2 weeks. They will have 4 visits, one end-study visit and 11-15 pharmacokinetic samples (depending on their weight). The timing of these samples will be optimized exploiting contemporary modeling and simulation techniques.

Safety evaluation will occur throughout the study, while palatability will be evaluated at Visits 1 (Drug A) and 3 (Dug B), and efficacy markers at Visits 1, 3 and 4.

Pharmacokinetic modeling will characterize primary and secondary pharmacokinetic parameters and allow to define the optimal paediatric dose, informing both current compassionate-care use and the design of future efficacy trials.

Conditions

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Heart Failure

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

CROSSOVER

Order of drug intake will be balanced and randomized, with 6 patients starting with Dapagliflozin (Visits 1-2) and subsequently switching to Empagliflozin (Visits 3-4), and 6 patients starting with Empagliflozin (Visits 1-2) and subsequently switching to Dapagliflozin (Visits 3-4).
Primary Study Purpose

TREATMENT

Blinding Strategy

NONE

Study Groups

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Group A: Dapagliflozin first, Empagliflozin second

Patients randomized to Group A will start with Dapagliflozin on Visit 1 and take Dapagliflozin once daily up to the day before Visit 3.

On the day of Visit 3, they will switch to Empagliflozin once daily, to be continued up to the day preceding Visit 4.

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Dapagliflozin tablet

Intervention Type DRUG

Patients randomized to Group A will start with Dapagliflozin on Visit 1 and take Dapagliflozin once daily up to the day before Visit 3.

Patients randomized to Group B will start Dapagliflozin once daily on the day of Visit 3, to be continued up to the day preceding Visit 4.

Dose:

* participants ≤12 year old: 5mg once daily p.o. (commercially available tablet)
* participants \>12 year old: 10mg once daily p.o. (commercially available tablet)

Empagliflozin Tablets

Intervention Type DRUG

Patients randomized to Group A will start with Empagliflozin on Visit 1 and take Empagliflozin once daily up to the day before Visit 3.

Patients randomized to Group B will start Empagliflozin once daily on the day of Visit 3, to be continued up to the day preceding Visit 4.

Dose: Empagliflozin 10mg once daily p.o. (commercially available tablet)

Group B: Empagliflozin first, Dapagliflozin second

Patients randomized to Group B will start with Empagliflozin on Visit 1 and take Empagliflozin once daily up to the day before Visit 3.

On the day of Visit 3, they will switch to Dapagliflozin once daily, to be continued up to the day preceding Visit 4.

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Dapagliflozin tablet

Intervention Type DRUG

Patients randomized to Group A will start with Dapagliflozin on Visit 1 and take Dapagliflozin once daily up to the day before Visit 3.

Patients randomized to Group B will start Dapagliflozin once daily on the day of Visit 3, to be continued up to the day preceding Visit 4.

Dose:

* participants ≤12 year old: 5mg once daily p.o. (commercially available tablet)
* participants \>12 year old: 10mg once daily p.o. (commercially available tablet)

Empagliflozin Tablets

Intervention Type DRUG

Patients randomized to Group A will start with Empagliflozin on Visit 1 and take Empagliflozin once daily up to the day before Visit 3.

Patients randomized to Group B will start Empagliflozin once daily on the day of Visit 3, to be continued up to the day preceding Visit 4.

Dose: Empagliflozin 10mg once daily p.o. (commercially available tablet)

Interventions

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Dapagliflozin tablet

Patients randomized to Group A will start with Dapagliflozin on Visit 1 and take Dapagliflozin once daily up to the day before Visit 3.

Patients randomized to Group B will start Dapagliflozin once daily on the day of Visit 3, to be continued up to the day preceding Visit 4.

Dose:

* participants ≤12 year old: 5mg once daily p.o. (commercially available tablet)
* participants \>12 year old: 10mg once daily p.o. (commercially available tablet)

Intervention Type DRUG

Empagliflozin Tablets

Patients randomized to Group A will start with Empagliflozin on Visit 1 and take Empagliflozin once daily up to the day before Visit 3.

Patients randomized to Group B will start Empagliflozin once daily on the day of Visit 3, to be continued up to the day preceding Visit 4.

Dose: Empagliflozin 10mg once daily p.o. (commercially available tablet)

Intervention Type DRUG

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* Children 6 to 18 years of age, followed either as in- or outpatients at the Heart failure unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London or at the Paediatric Cardiology Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland will be eligible for inclusion.
* Currently on heart failure medication (any drug or any combination).
* Patients should potentially benefit from adding a SGLT2i (as judged by the treating physician and the local PI or Co-PI).
* Patients need to be on stable medical treatment, defined as no new heart failure drug started over the preceding 2 weeks and no major drug dose modification (apart minor adaptations, like weight adaptations, rounding or formulation changes) during the 2 weeks prior to enrolment.
* Adolescents, respectively parents or caregivers of children, capable of giving informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria

* Inability to understand and go through the informed consent procedure.
* Inability to receive medications per os or through a nasogastric tube.
* Patients on either Insulin or Metformin will be excluded from participation. This implies the exclusion of patients with Diabetes mellitus (either type 1 or type 2 or other rare forms) necessitating either insulin or metformin.
* Type 1 Diabetes mellitus or any underlying metabolic disease associated with hypoglycaemias.
* Body weight \<13kg.
* Current smokers (defined as \>1 cigarette/week).
* Use of any other nicotine-delivering product (e.g. nicotine patches).
* Any known illicit drug abuse.
* Active chronic HBV, HCV or HIV.
* Any major surgery within 4 weeks of first dose administration.
* Blood transfusion recipient within 4 weeks of dose administration.
* eGFR =\<45mL/min/1.73m2 (simplified Schwartz formula).
* K+ \>6.5mmol/L.
* Blood glucose \<4mmol/L.
* Sustained or symptomatic arrhythmia insufficiently controlled with drug and/or device therapy.
* Cardio-surgical procedure within the 2 months prior to Visit 1, or interventional cardiac catheterization within 2 weeks prior to Visit 1, or the patient is planned to undergo cardiac surgery or an interventional cardiac catheterization during the study period (i.e. in the 6 weeks following Visit 1).
* Post-menarchal female patients of childbearing potential cannot be included.
* Known lactose intolerance, galactose intolerance, total lactase deficiency, or glucose-galactose malabsorption.
* Known allergies to excipients of either Dapagliflozin or Empagliflozin.
* Significant medical history of active severe medical disease.
* Significant liver disease, Child Pugh Class C, or significant laboratory abnormalities at enrolment.
* Significant gastroenterological or hepatic disease that could significantly impair absorption or metabolism of orally administered drugs.
* Any medical co-morbidity, which is deemed incompatible (or only with relevant risk) with study participation by the treating clinician and/or the study investigator.
* Active urinary tract infection (being treated with antibiotics at the moment of Visit 1) or other relevant bacterial infection, as judged by the treating clinician and/or the study investigator.
* The patient is currently participating in another interventional clinical trial or has participated in such a trial during the \<14 days before Visit 1 (or if enrolment in this study is incompatible with the protocol of that preceding trial).
Minimum Eligible Age

6 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

18 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sponsors

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Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust

OTHER

Sponsor Role collaborator

University College, London

OTHER

Sponsor Role collaborator

Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Sebastiano Lava

Principal Investigator, "Chef de clinique"

Responsibility Role PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

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Sebastiano A.G. Lava, MD MSc

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland

Locations

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Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV)

Lausanne, Canton of Vaud, Switzerland

Site Status

University College London

London, Greater London, United Kingdom

Site Status

Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust

London, Greater London, United Kingdom

Site Status

Countries

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Switzerland United Kingdom

Central Contacts

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Sebastiano A.G. Lava, MD MSc

Role: CONTACT

+41 21 314 3556

Craig Laurence, MD

Role: CONTACT

Facility Contacts

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Sebastiano A.G. Lava, MD MSC

Role: primary

+41 21 314 3556

Nicole Sekarski, MD

Role: backup

+41 21 314 3556

Sebastiano A.G. Lava, MD MSc

Role: primary

Oscar Della Pasqua, MD PhD

Role: backup

Craig Laurence, MD

Role: primary

Sebastiano A.G. Lava, MD MSc

Role: backup

References

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Ahmed H, VanderPluym C. Medical management of pediatric heart failure. Cardiovasc Diagn Ther. 2021 Feb;11(1):323-335. doi: 10.21037/cdt-20-358.

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Andrews RE, Fenton MJ, Dominguez T, Burch M; British Congenital Cardiac Association. Heart failure from heart muscle disease in childhood: a 5-10 year follow-up study in the UK and Ireland. ESC Heart Fail. 2016 Jun;3(2):107-114. doi: 10.1002/ehf2.12082. Epub 2016 Jan 24.

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Authors/Task Force Members:; McDonagh TA, Metra M, Adamo M, Gardner RS, Baumbach A, Bohm M, Burri H, Butler J, Celutkiene J, Chioncel O, Cleland JGF, Coats AJS, Crespo-Leiro MG, Farmakis D, Gilard M, Heymans S, Hoes AW, Jaarsma T, Jankowska EA, Lainscak M, Lam CSP, Lyon AR, McMurray JJV, Mebazaa A, Mindham R, Muneretto C, Francesco Piepoli M, Price S, Rosano GMC, Ruschitzka F, Kathrine Skibelund A; ESC Scientific Document Group. 2021 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure: Developed by the Task Force for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). With the special contribution of the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the ESC. Eur J Heart Fail. 2022 Jan;24(1):4-131. doi: 10.1002/ejhf.2333.

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Other Identifiers

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2023-000441-16

Identifier Type: EUDRACT_NUMBER

Identifier Source: secondary_id

22HL33

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

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