Palonosetron vs Ondansetron In PONV Prophylaxis Among Idiopathic Scoliosis Patients
NCT ID: NCT05956899
Last Updated: 2024-12-10
Study Results
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Basic Information
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COMPLETED
PHASE4
92 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
2023-06-01
2024-05-02
Brief Summary
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The main questions the study aims to answer are:
* How effective is palonosetron compared to ondansetron, both combined with dexamethasone, in preventing PONV after scoliosis surgery?
* Are there any differences in the need for rescue antiemetics, occurrence of adverse effects related to the study drugs, and patient satisfaction between the two treatment groups?
Participants in the study will be randomly assigned to receive either palonosetron or ondansetron in addition to dexamethasone as part of their anesthesia and antiemetic regimen. The incidence and/ or severity of nausea, vomiting and retching will be assessed at 1 hour, 4 hours, 12 hours, 24 hours and 48 hours after surgery.
Detailed Description
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Posterior spinal fusion surgery for idiopathic scoliosis is a complex and painful procedure, increasing the risk of PONV. Various strategies can be employed to mitigate these risks, such as adequate hydration, the use of intravenous antiemetics, avoiding volatile anesthetics, and adopting a multimodal analgesic approach. Dexamethasone and anti-serotonergic drugs like ondansetron are commonly used antiemetics due to their efficacy and safety profiles. Dexamethasone is particularly favored for its long duration of action and pain-reducing effects.
Palonosetron, a second-generation anti-serotonergic drug, has a unique pharmacokinetic profile with a prolonged duration of action. It may be more beneficial for patients on prolonged opioid-based analgesic regimens. However, its higher cost and inconsistent study findings limit its widespread use, especially in scoliosis patients undergoing spinal fusion surgery.
Total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) is recommended for high-risk PONV patients, as it reduces the emetogenic effect of volatile anesthetics. Propofol, used in TIVA, is itself an effective antiemetic. TIVA with propofol has been shown to be as effective as giving a single antiemetic and can further reduce the risk of PONV when combined with other prophylactic antiemetics.
The standard practice for managing PONV involves the administration of two antiemetics and considering TIVA for high-risk patients. This study aims to compare the effectiveness of palonosetron and ondansetron when administered alongside dexamethasone in scoliosis patients undergoing spinal fusion under TIVA. The study will also evaluate the number of rescue antiemetics needed, assess adverse effects, and measure patient satisfaction.
The study will be randomized and double-blinded, to be conducted in Universiti Malaya Medical Centre (UMMC). The sample size is calculated to be 92 participants, after taking into account a 20% dropout rate. Adult and adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients undergoing posterior spinal fusion surgery will be eligible for the study. Written informed consent will be obtained from participants or their guardians, and assent will be obtained from adolescent participants. Patients will be randomized to receive either palonosetron or ondansetron along with dexamethasone.
The study will follow standard anesthetic techniques, including TIVA with remifentanil and propofol. Intravenous injections of the study drugs or placebo will be given during surgery, and dexamethasone will be administered as a baseline antiemetic. Morphine will be administered before the end of surgery for pain management.
Conditions
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Keywords
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Study Design
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RANDOMIZED
PARALLEL
TREATMENT
DOUBLE
Study Groups
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Group A
Group A will receive a stat dose of IV palonosetron 1.5mcg/kg prior to commencement of general anaesthesia.
Palonosetron
IV palonosetron 1.5mcg/kg prior to commencement of general anaesthesia
Group B
Group B will receive a stat dose of IV ondansetron 0.15mg/kg at the start of wound closure.
Ondansetron
IV ondansetron 0.15mg/kg at the start of wound closure
Interventions
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Palonosetron
IV palonosetron 1.5mcg/kg prior to commencement of general anaesthesia
Ondansetron
IV ondansetron 0.15mg/kg at the start of wound closure
Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria
* American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) I-II Physical Status
Exclusion Criteria
* Obesity with a body mass index (BMI) of 34 and above
* Body weight of less than 30kg
* Active smoker
* History of gastroesophageal reflux disease/ other gastrointestinal diseases associated with vomiting
* History of motion sickness
* History of nausea or vomiting within 24 hours before the surgery
* Administration of antiemetics/ steroids/ psychoactive medications within 24 hours before the surgery
* Require mechanical ventilation postoperatively
* History of cardiac arrhythmias
* Prolonged QT (QTc is prolonged if \> 440ms in men or \> 460ms in women
10 Years
ALL
Yes
Sponsors
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University of Malaya
OTHER
Responsible Party
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Dr. Siti Nadzrah Yunus
Doctor
Principal Investigators
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Siti Nadzrah Binti Yunus, MAnaes, MBBS
Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
Universiti Malaya
Locations
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University Malaya
Pantai Valley, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Countries
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References
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Kumar A, Solanki SL, Gangakhedkar GR, Shylasree TS, Sharma KS. Comparison of palonosetron and dexamethasone with ondansetron and dexamethasone for postoperative nausea and vomiting in postchemotherapy ovarian cancer surgeries requiring opioid-based patient-controlled analgesia: A randomised, double-blind, active controlled study. Indian J Anaesth. 2018 Oct;62(10):773-779. doi: 10.4103/ija.IJA_437_18.
Kotiniemi LH, Ryhanen PT, Valanne J, Jokela R, Mustonen A, Poukkula E. Postoperative symptoms at home following day-case surgery in children: a multicentre survey of 551 children. Anaesthesia. 1997 Oct;52(10):963-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2044.1997.203-az0338.x.
Villeret I, Laffon M, Duchalais A, Blond MH, Lecuyer AI, Mercier C. Incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting in paediatric ambulatory surgery. Paediatr Anaesth. 2002 Oct;12(8):712-7. doi: 10.1046/j.1460-9592.2002.00952.x.
Patel RI, Hannallah RS. Anesthetic complications following pediatric ambulatory surgery: a 3-yr study. Anesthesiology. 1988 Dec;69(6):1009-12. doi: 10.1097/00000542-198812000-00044. No abstract available.
Rowley MP, Brown TC. Postoperative vomiting in children. Anaesth Intensive Care. 1982 Nov;10(4):309-13. doi: 10.1177/0310057X8201000402.
Awad IT, Moore M, Rushe C, Elburki A, O'Brien K, Warde D. Unplanned hospital admission in children undergoing day-case surgery. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2004 May;21(5):379-83. doi: 10.1017/s0265021504005058.
Kovac AL. Update on the management of postoperative nausea and vomiting. Drugs. 2013 Sep;73(14):1525-47. doi: 10.1007/s40265-013-0110-7.
Dolin SJ, Cashman JN, Bland JM. Effectiveness of acute postoperative pain management: I. Evidence from published data. Br J Anaesth. 2002 Sep;89(3):409-23.
Golembiewski J, Chernin E, Chopra T. Prevention and treatment of postoperative nausea and vomiting. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2005 Jun 15;62(12):1247-60; quiz 1261-2. doi: 10.1093/ajhp/62.12.1247.
Kovac AL. Prevention and treatment of postoperative nausea and vomiting. Drugs. 2000 Feb;59(2):213-43. doi: 10.2165/00003495-200059020-00005.
Apfel CC, Laara E, Koivuranta M, Greim CA, Roewer N. A simplified risk score for predicting postoperative nausea and vomiting: conclusions from cross-validations between two centers. Anesthesiology. 1999 Sep;91(3):693-700. doi: 10.1097/00000542-199909000-00022.
Apfel CC, Kranke P, Eberhart LH, Roos A, Roewer N. Comparison of predictive models for postoperative nausea and vomiting. Br J Anaesth. 2002 Feb;88(2):234-40. doi: 10.1093/bja/88.2.234.
Gan TJ, Belani KG, Bergese S, Chung F, Diemunsch P, Habib AS, Jin Z, Kovac AL, Meyer TA, Urman RD, Apfel CC, Ayad S, Beagley L, Candiotti K, Englesakis M, Hedrick TL, Kranke P, Lee S, Lipman D, Minkowitz HS, Morton J, Philip BK. Fourth Consensus Guidelines for the Management of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting. Anesth Analg. 2020 Aug;131(2):411-448. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000004833.
Eberhart LHJ, Geldner G, Kranke P, Morin AM, Schauffelen A, Treiber H, Wulf H. The development and validation of a risk score to predict the probability of postoperative vomiting in pediatric patients. Anesth Analg. 2004 Dec;99(6):1630-1637. doi: 10.1213/01.ANE.0000135639.57715.6C.
Palmer GM, Pirakalathanan P, Skinner AV. A multi-centre multi-national survey of anaesthetists regarding the range of anaesthetic and surgical practices for paediatric scoliosis surgery. Anaesth Intensive Care. 2010 Nov;38(6):1077-84. doi: 10.1177/0310057X1003800619.
Ho CM, Wu HL, Ho ST, Wang JJ. Dexamethasone prevents postoperative nausea and vomiting: benefit versus risk. Acta Anaesthesiol Taiwan. 2011 Sep;49(3):100-4. doi: 10.1016/j.aat.2011.06.002.
Wakamiya R, Seki H, Ideno S, Ihara N, Minoshima R, Watanabe K, Sato Y, Morisaki H. Effects of prophylactic dexamethasone on postoperative nausea and vomiting in scoliosis correction surgery: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Sci Rep. 2019 Feb 14;9(1):2119. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-38764-8.
Kloth DD. New pharmacologic findings for the treatment of PONV and PDNV. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2009 Jan 1;66(1 Suppl 1):S11-8. doi: 10.2146/ashp080462.
Other Identifiers
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20221016-11624
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id