Orofacial Myofunctional Disorder Among Asthmatic Children
NCT ID: NCT05941416
Last Updated: 2023-12-01
Study Results
The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.
Basic Information
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NOT_YET_RECRUITING
195 participants
OBSERVATIONAL
2024-02-29
2024-12-31
Brief Summary
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Detailed Description
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Bronchial Asthma is a growing prevalent health problem among pediatric patients. The prevalence of Bronchial Asthma among children and adolescence in Cairo, Egypt was 9.4%. It is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects the lungs characterized by bronchial hyperactivity causing reversible airway obstruction and inflammation, and increased airway receptivity to stimuli. Bronchial Asthma classification, historically, depended on the severity of symptoms, but recently Bronchial Asthma was classified according to levels of control: controlled, partly controlled, or uncontrolled. That recent classification considers not only the disease's severity but also the responsiveness to medications.
As a result of inflammatory response and airway obstruction, difficulty in breathing may cause discomfort to the patients. So oral breathing become an alternative to nasal breathing. This change in the way of breathing can affect craniofacial growth which in sequence affects facial muscles.
The most characteristic features of mouth breathing are a long face, flat nose with narrow nostrils, hypotonic orofacial muscles, and open or semi-open mouth. Early diagnosis of mouth breathing can prevent the development of these features.
The stomatognathic system is a functional complex with a highly adaptable complex of bones, muscles, joints, teeth, lips, tongue, cheeks, glands, arteries, veins, and nerves that act harmoniously. So, any change in this harmony causes imbalance and alteration in the function which is called Orofacial Myofunctional Disorders.
Orofacial Myofunctional Disorders are multifactorial conditions common in many genetic and congenital disorders. As well it can be acquired as a result of mouth breathing, deviate swallowing, TMD, trauma, tongue thrusting, sucking, or chewing habits past the age of 3. Orofacial Myofunctional can be severely disabling as it affects chewing, swallowing, speech, facial expression, appearance and in conclusion affects oral health-related quality of life in children (OHRQoL).
Symptoms of Orofacial Myofunctional Disorders may include facial asymmetry, mouth breathing, tongue thrusting, impaired speech, malocclusion, improper jaw growth, facial pain, drooling, dry mouth and sleeping disorder.
Nordic Orofacial Test- screening (NOT-S) is a comprehensive screening instrument for the assessment of orofacial dysfunction. Nordic Orofacial Test- screening was first reported at the Second Nordic Conference on Orofacial Therapy in Gothenburg in 2002. Nordic Orofacial Test- screening has good reliability and gives a rough discrimination between normal orofacial function and various degrees of orofacial disability.
Oral Health-Related Quality of Life in children (OHRQoL) is determined by social interactions, including speech, emotional communication, facial expression, and appearance. It can be measured by Child Perceptions Questionnaire (CPQ8-10).
This study aims to evaluate orofacial myofunctional disorders among a group of children with Bronchial Asthms
Review of Literature:
Bronchial Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease that targets millions of children and adolescence on an international scale. In 2006 was reported that the prevalence of Bronchial Asthma was 9.4% among school children and adolescence in Cairo, Egypt. According to the World Health Organization WHO, in 2005, the cost of asthma medication exceeded the cost of AIDS. In 2022, The recent Global Asthma Study (GAN) phase reported that worldwide prevalence of asthma among children reached 11% at age 6-7 years and 9.1 at age 13-14 years.
Bronchial asthma is a lower respiratory tract infection that causes narrowing in bronchial tubes and airway obstruction. It was founded that as a result to airway obstruction, asthmatic patients choose oral breathing as an alternative to nasal breathing.
An association was found between asthma onset and Orofacial Myofunctional Disorders observed in adults. In this study the authors reported that Orofacial Myofunctional Disorders are often observed in asthmatic patients that got affected by the disease before the age of 14. It was also reported that Orofacial Myofunctional Disorders and Malocclusion were found more among asthmatic children and adolescence when compared to healthy children. These children showed inadequate positioning of the jaw and during swallowing of water, tension in the facial muscles was reported Then it was verified that Orofacial Myofunctional Disorders were statistically higher in the asthma group. The highest facial disfunctions had been found were chewing and swallowing food with certain consistency and long mealtime more than 30 minutes. These results affected the Oral Health Quality of Life for the asthmatic patients.
Conditions
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Keywords
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Study Design
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ECOLOGIC_OR_COMMUNITY
CROSS_SECTIONAL
Interventions
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Nordic Orofacial test- screening arabic modified version
Nordic Orofacial Test- screening is an instrument that can be used for the identification of orofacial myofunctional disorders in children aged three years or older, in youths and in adults. It is divided into two sections, interview and examination. The screening can be directed by dental or health care professional personnel.
Other Intervention Names
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria
* Asthmatic children were selected from the Asthma and Allergy Outpatients Clinic of Abu El-Reesh Japanese Hospital for kids
Exclusion Criteria
* Children with Cognitive problems
* Children with neurological diseases
* Children undergoing orthodontic treatment
* Children who underwent speech therapy
* Children who underwent otorhinolaryngology surgery
* Children with a history of oral habits such as thumb sucking, pacifier use, bottle, and nail-biting, over the age of three years
8 Years
10 Years
ALL
No
Sponsors
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Cairo University
OTHER
Responsible Party
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yara mamdouh khalifa ahmed
Dentist
Principal Investigators
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Manal A Elsayed, Professor
Role: STUDY_DIRECTOR
Cairo University
Central Contacts
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References
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Al-Blaihed D, El-Housseiny AA, Farsi NJ, Farsi NM. Validity and reliability of the Arabic version of the child perceptions questionnaire for 8-10-year-old children. Qual Life Res. 2020 Nov;29(11):3131-3141. doi: 10.1007/s11136-020-02545-y. Epub 2020 Jun 10.
Araujo BCL, Lima TRCM, de Gois-Santos VT, Nascimento GKBO, Martins-Filho PR, Simoes SM. Association between nasal patency and orofacial myofunctional changes in patients with asthma and rhinitis. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2021 Jul;278(7):2371-2377. doi: 10.1007/s00405-020-06518-2. Epub 2021 Jan 2.
Bakke M, Bergendal B, McAllister A, Sjogreen L, Asten P. Development and evaluation of a comprehensive screening for orofacial dysfunction. Swed Dent J. 2007;31(2):75-84.
Brozek JL, Bousquet J, Agache I, Agarwal A, Bachert C, Bosnic-Anticevich S, Brignardello-Petersen R, Canonica GW, Casale T, Chavannes NH, Correia de Sousa J, Cruz AA, Cuello-Garcia CA, Demoly P, Dykewicz M, Etxeandia-Ikobaltzeta I, Florez ID, Fokkens W, Fonseca J, Hellings PW, Klimek L, Kowalski S, Kuna P, Laisaar KT, Larenas-Linnemann DE, Lodrup Carlsen KC, Manning PJ, Meltzer E, Mullol J, Muraro A, O'Hehir R, Ohta K, Panzner P, Papadopoulos N, Park HS, Passalacqua G, Pawankar R, Price D, Riva JJ, Roldan Y, Ryan D, Sadeghirad B, Samolinski B, Schmid-Grendelmeier P, Sheikh A, Togias A, Valero A, Valiulis A, Valovirta E, Ventresca M, Wallace D, Waserman S, Wickman M, Wiercioch W, Yepes-Nunez JJ, Zhang L, Zhang Y, Zidarn M, Zuberbier T, Schunemann HJ. Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) guidelines-2016 revision. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2017 Oct;140(4):950-958. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2017.03.050. Epub 2017 Jun 8.
Castro MS, Toro AA, Sakano E, Ribeiro JD. Evaluation of oral functions of the stomatognathic system according to the levels of asthma severity. J Soc Bras Fonoaudiol. 2012;24(2):119-24. doi: 10.1590/s2179-64912012000200005. English, Portuguese.
D'Onofrio L. Oral dysfunction as a cause of malocclusion. Orthod Craniofac Res. 2019 May;22 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):43-48. doi: 10.1111/ocr.12277.
De Menezes VA, Leal RB, Pessoa RS, Pontes RM. Prevalence and factors related to mouth breathing in school children at the Santo Amaro project-Recife, 2005. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol. 2006 May-Jun;72(3):394-9. doi: 10.1016/s1808-8694(15)30975-7.
Carvalho-Oliveira M, Salles C, Terse R, D'Oliveira A Junior. Association between severe asthma and changes in the stomatognathic system. J Bras Pneumol. 2016 Nov-Dec;42(6):423-428. doi: 10.1590/S1806-37562015000600006.
Garcia-Marcos L, Asher MI, Pearce N, Ellwood E, Bissell K, Chiang CY, El Sony A, Ellwood P, Marks GB, Mortimer K, Martinez-Torres AE, Morales E, Perez-Fernandez V, Robertson S, Rutter CE, Silverwood RJ, Strachan DP; Global Asthma Network Phase I Study Group. The burden of asthma, hay fever and eczema in children in 25 countries: GAN Phase I study. Eur Respir J. 2022 Sep 15;60(3):2102866. doi: 10.1183/13993003.02866-2021. Print 2022 Sep.
Georgy V, Fahim HI, El-Gaafary M, Walters S. Prevalence and socioeconomic associations of asthma and allergic rhinitis in northern [corrected] Africa. Eur Respir J. 2006 Oct;28(4):756-62. doi: 10.1183/09031936.06.00089005. Epub 2006 May 31.
Koshak EA. Classification of asthma according to revised 2006 GINA: evolution from severity to control. Ann Thorac Med. 2007 Apr;2(2):45-6. doi: 10.4103/1817-1737.32228. No abstract available.
de Felicio CM, Melchior Mde O, Ferreira CL, Da Silva MA. Otologic symptoms of temporomandibular disorder and effect of orofacial myofunctional therapy. Cranio. 2008 Apr;26(2):118-25. doi: 10.1179/crn.2008.016.
Milanesi JM, Berwig LC, Marquezan M, Schuch LH, Moraes AB, Silva AMTD, Correa ECR. Variables associated with mouth breathing diagnosis in children based on a multidisciplinary assessment. Codas. 2018 Mar 19;30(4):e20170071. doi: 10.1590/2317-1782/20182017071.
Ukena D, Fishman L, Niebling WB. Bronchial asthma: diagnosis and long-term treatment in adults. Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2008 May;105(21):385-94. doi: 10.3238/arztebl.2008.0385. Epub 2008 May 23.
YILMAZ BC, Alaçam A. Evaluation of orofacial dysfunctions and oral health-related quality of life in children with asthma. Acta Odontologica Turcica. 2023 Jan 1;40(1):22-8.
Leme MS, Barbosa TD, Gavião MB. Assessment of orofacial functions in Brazilian children using the Nordic Orofacial Test-Screening (NOT-S). Revista Odonto Ciência. 2012;27:108-14.
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Other Identifiers
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OMD in Asthmatic
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id