Trial Outcomes & Findings for Pilot Guaranteed Income Study, Philadelphia, April 2023 (NCT NCT05838027)
NCT ID: NCT05838027
Last Updated: 2025-03-19
Results Overview
Change from baseline in food security in the last 30 days as measured by the US Department of Agriculture food security scale. Outcome is 3 ordered categories: high or marginal food security, low food security, very low food security.
Recruitment status
COMPLETED
Study phase
NA
Target enrollment
100 participants
Primary outcome timeframe
Assessed at 1-hour appointment at baseline and 3 months
Results posted on
2025-03-19
Participant Flow
1,132 individuals were contacted via the electronic health portal. 242 completed the interest form, and of those 142 were excluded due to ineligibility, not interested, unable to contact or unable to schedule. 100 were enrolled and randomized.
Participant milestones
| Measure |
Control
No intervention
|
Cash Transfer
Participants will receive $125 every 2 weeks for 8 payments via ClinCard, for a total of $1000.
Cash Transfer: Participants will receive $125 every 2 weeks for 8 payments via ClinCard, for a total of $1000.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Overall Study
STARTED
|
50
|
50
|
|
Overall Study
COMPLETED
|
44
|
49
|
|
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
|
6
|
1
|
Reasons for withdrawal
| Measure |
Control
No intervention
|
Cash Transfer
Participants will receive $125 every 2 weeks for 8 payments via ClinCard, for a total of $1000.
Cash Transfer: Participants will receive $125 every 2 weeks for 8 payments via ClinCard, for a total of $1000.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Overall Study
Lost to Follow-up
|
5
|
1
|
|
Overall Study
Withdrawal by Subject
|
1
|
0
|
Baseline Characteristics
For those who reported source of income as "a job" (n=52)
Baseline characteristics by cohort
| Measure |
Control
n=50 Participants
No intervention
|
Cash Transfer
n=50 Participants
Participants will receive $125 every 2 weeks for 8 payments via ClinCard, for a total of $1000.
Cash Transfer: Participants will receive $125 every 2 weeks for 8 payments via ClinCard, for a total of $1000.
|
Total
n=100 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
|
|---|---|---|---|
|
Age, Continuous
|
45.2 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 9.9 • n=50 Participants
|
48.5 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 11.5 • n=50 Participants
|
46.9 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 10.7 • n=100 Participants
|
|
Sex: Female, Male
Female
|
37 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
41 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
78 Participants
n=100 Participants
|
|
Sex: Female, Male
Male
|
13 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
9 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
22 Participants
n=100 Participants
|
|
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Hispanic or Latino
|
0 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
3 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
3 Participants
n=100 Participants
|
|
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Not Hispanic or Latino
|
50 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
47 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
97 Participants
n=100 Participants
|
|
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
|
0 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=100 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
American Indian or Alaska Native
|
0 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=100 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
Asian
|
0 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=100 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
|
0 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=100 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
Black or African American
|
45 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
45 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
90 Participants
n=100 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
White
|
2 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
2 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
4 Participants
n=100 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
More than one race
|
3 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
1 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
4 Participants
n=100 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
|
0 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
2 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
2 Participants
n=100 Participants
|
|
Region of Enrollment
United States
|
50 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
50 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
100 Participants
n=100 Participants
|
|
Sexual Orientation
Straight/Heterosexual
|
42 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
47 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
89 Participants
n=100 Participants
|
|
Sexual Orientation
LGBTQ+
|
7 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
2 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
9 Participants
n=100 Participants
|
|
Sexual Orientation
Prefer not to say
|
1 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
1 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
2 Participants
n=100 Participants
|
|
BMI
Obesity
|
44 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
39 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
83 Participants
n=100 Participants
|
|
BMI
Overweight
|
5 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
10 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
15 Participants
n=100 Participants
|
|
BMI
Healthy
|
1 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
1 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
2 Participants
n=100 Participants
|
|
Household Income
Less than $10,000
|
14 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
10 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
24 Participants
n=100 Participants
|
|
Household Income
$10,000 to $14,999
|
11 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
7 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
18 Participants
n=100 Participants
|
|
Household Income
$15,000 to $24,999
|
9 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
9 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
18 Participants
n=100 Participants
|
|
Household Income
$25,000 to $34,999
|
6 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
11 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
17 Participants
n=100 Participants
|
|
Household Income
$35,000 to $49,999
|
5 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
9 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
14 Participants
n=100 Participants
|
|
Household Income
$50,000 to $74,999
|
3 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
3 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
6 Participants
n=100 Participants
|
|
Household Income
$75,000 to $99,999
|
2 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
1 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
3 Participants
n=100 Participants
|
|
Income at the Federal Poverty Level
<50% of federal poverty level
|
16 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
9 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
25 Participants
n=100 Participants
|
|
Income at the Federal Poverty Level
50-75% of federal poverty level
|
9 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
7 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
16 Participants
n=100 Participants
|
|
Income at the Federal Poverty Level
75-100% of federal poverty level
|
8 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
11 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
19 Participants
n=100 Participants
|
|
Income at the Federal Poverty Level
100-133% of federal poverty level
|
5 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
9 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
14 Participants
n=100 Participants
|
|
Income at the Federal Poverty Level
133%+ of federal poverty level
|
12 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
14 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
26 Participants
n=100 Participants
|
|
On government assistance
Yes
|
36 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
35 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
71 Participants
n=100 Participants
|
|
On government assistance
No
|
14 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
15 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
29 Participants
n=100 Participants
|
|
Work and School
No School or Work
|
27 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
23 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
50 Participants
n=100 Participants
|
|
Work and School
Work
|
22 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
24 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
46 Participants
n=100 Participants
|
|
Work and School
School and Work
|
1 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
3 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
4 Participants
n=100 Participants
|
|
Main income source
A Job
|
23 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
27 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
50 Participants
n=100 Participants
|
|
Main income source
Disability or Social Security
|
8 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
14 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
22 Participants
n=100 Participants
|
|
Main income source
Family or friends
|
9 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
2 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
11 Participants
n=100 Participants
|
|
Main income source
SNAP (Food Stamps)
|
6 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
4 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
10 Participants
n=100 Participants
|
|
Main income source
Unemployment
|
0 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
2 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
2 Participants
n=100 Participants
|
|
Main income source
TANF (Cash Assistance/Welfare)
|
2 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
2 Participants
n=100 Participants
|
|
Main income source
Veteran Benefits
|
1 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
1 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
2 Participants
n=100 Participants
|
|
Main income source
Hustling (e.g., petty theft)
|
1 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
1 Participants
n=100 Participants
|
|
For those with ANY income from a job over the past 3 months (n=52), number of hours worked
|
30.8 Hours
STANDARD_DEVIATION 17.8 • n=25 Participants • For those who reported source of income as "a job" (n=52)
|
37.3 Hours
STANDARD_DEVIATION 13.3 • n=27 Participants • For those who reported source of income as "a job" (n=52)
|
34.1 Hours
STANDARD_DEVIATION 15.6 • n=52 Participants • For those who reported source of income as "a job" (n=52)
|
|
Type of job
For Profit Org/Company
|
11 Participants
n=25 Participants • For those who selected "a job" for source of income (n=52)
|
13 Participants
n=27 Participants • For those who selected "a job" for source of income (n=52)
|
24 Participants
n=52 Participants • For those who selected "a job" for source of income (n=52)
|
|
Type of job
Other
|
7 Participants
n=25 Participants • For those who selected "a job" for source of income (n=52)
|
8 Participants
n=27 Participants • For those who selected "a job" for source of income (n=52)
|
15 Participants
n=52 Participants • For those who selected "a job" for source of income (n=52)
|
|
Type of job
Government (Local, State, Federal)
|
3 Participants
n=25 Participants • For those who selected "a job" for source of income (n=52)
|
4 Participants
n=27 Participants • For those who selected "a job" for source of income (n=52)
|
7 Participants
n=52 Participants • For those who selected "a job" for source of income (n=52)
|
|
Type of job
Non-Profit Org
|
3 Participants
n=25 Participants • For those who selected "a job" for source of income (n=52)
|
2 Participants
n=27 Participants • For those who selected "a job" for source of income (n=52)
|
5 Participants
n=52 Participants • For those who selected "a job" for source of income (n=52)
|
|
Type of job
Owner non-incorporated business
|
1 Participants
n=25 Participants • For those who selected "a job" for source of income (n=52)
|
0 Participants
n=27 Participants • For those who selected "a job" for source of income (n=52)
|
1 Participants
n=52 Participants • For those who selected "a job" for source of income (n=52)
|
|
Education
Less than HS
|
4 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
2 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
6 Participants
n=100 Participants
|
|
Education
Completed HS/GED
|
21 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
15 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
36 Participants
n=100 Participants
|
|
Education
Some College
|
11 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
15 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
26 Participants
n=100 Participants
|
|
Education
Associates/Bachelors+
|
14 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
18 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
32 Participants
n=100 Participants
|
|
Marital status
Single
|
29 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
29 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
58 Participants
n=100 Participants
|
|
Marital status
Married/Partnered
|
13 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
10 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
23 Participants
n=100 Participants
|
|
Marital status
Widow/Divorced/Separated
|
8 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
11 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
19 Participants
n=100 Participants
|
|
Number of people in household
|
2.8 Number of people in household
STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.7 • n=50 Participants
|
3.1 Number of people in household
STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.3 • n=50 Participants
|
3.0 Number of people in household
STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.0 • n=100 Participants
|
|
Kids in household
Yes
|
27 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
24 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
51 Participants
n=100 Participants
|
|
Kids in household
No
|
23 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
26 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
49 Participants
n=100 Participants
|
|
Living situation
Rent
|
32 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
24 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
56 Participants
n=100 Participants
|
|
Living situation
Own
|
8 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
15 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
23 Participants
n=100 Participants
|
|
Living situation
Elsewhere
|
10 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
11 Participants
n=50 Participants
|
21 Participants
n=100 Participants
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: Assessed at 1-hour appointment at baseline and 3 monthsPopulation: 100 enrolled participants at baseline and 93 participants at 3-month follow-up.
Change from baseline in food security in the last 30 days as measured by the US Department of Agriculture food security scale. Outcome is 3 ordered categories: high or marginal food security, low food security, very low food security.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Cash Transfer Baseline
n=50 Participants
Participants will receive $125 every 2 weeks for 8 payments via ClinCard, for a total of $1000.
Cash Transfer: Participants will receive $125 every 2 weeks for 8 payments via ClinCard, for a total of $1000.
|
Cash Transfer Follow-up
n=49 Participants
Participants will receive $125 every 2 weeks for 8 payments via ClinCard, for a total of $1000.
Cash Transfer: Participants will receive $125 every 2 weeks for 8 payments via ClinCard, for a total of $1000.
|
Control Baseline
n=50 Participants
No intervention
|
Control Follow-up
n=44 Participants
No intervention
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Change in Food Security Category
High or marginal
|
27 Participants
|
19 Participants
|
16 Participants
|
23 Participants
|
|
Change in Food Security Category
Low
|
6 Participants
|
15 Participants
|
18 Participants
|
7 Participants
|
|
Change in Food Security Category
Very low
|
17 Participants
|
14 Participants
|
14 Participants
|
13 Participants
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: Assessed at 1-hour appointment at baseline and 3 monthsChange from baseline in utility security in the last 3 months as measured by the Home Energy Insecurity scale. Outcome is 5 ordered categories: thriving, capable, stable, vulnerable, in-crisis.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Cash Transfer Baseline
n=50 Participants
Participants will receive $125 every 2 weeks for 8 payments via ClinCard, for a total of $1000.
Cash Transfer: Participants will receive $125 every 2 weeks for 8 payments via ClinCard, for a total of $1000.
|
Cash Transfer Follow-up
n=48 Participants
Participants will receive $125 every 2 weeks for 8 payments via ClinCard, for a total of $1000.
Cash Transfer: Participants will receive $125 every 2 weeks for 8 payments via ClinCard, for a total of $1000.
|
Control Baseline
n=50 Participants
No intervention
|
Control Follow-up
n=43 Participants
No intervention
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Change in Utility Security Category
In-crisis
|
19 Participants
|
15 Participants
|
17 Participants
|
14 Participants
|
|
Change in Utility Security Category
Vulnerable
|
11 Participants
|
11 Participants
|
10 Participants
|
7 Participants
|
|
Change in Utility Security Category
Stable
|
9 Participants
|
9 Participants
|
11 Participants
|
7 Participants
|
|
Change in Utility Security Category
Capable
|
8 Participants
|
5 Participants
|
8 Participants
|
5 Participants
|
|
Change in Utility Security Category
Thriving
|
3 Participants
|
8 Participants
|
4 Participants
|
10 Participants
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: Assessed at 1-hour appointment at baseline and 3 monthsChange from baseline in current financial well-being as measured by the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau Financial Well-Being 0-100 scale (higher scores are correlated to more well-being).
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Cash Transfer Baseline
n=50 Participants
Participants will receive $125 every 2 weeks for 8 payments via ClinCard, for a total of $1000.
Cash Transfer: Participants will receive $125 every 2 weeks for 8 payments via ClinCard, for a total of $1000.
|
Cash Transfer Follow-up
n=49 Participants
Participants will receive $125 every 2 weeks for 8 payments via ClinCard, for a total of $1000.
Cash Transfer: Participants will receive $125 every 2 weeks for 8 payments via ClinCard, for a total of $1000.
|
Control Baseline
n=50 Participants
No intervention
|
Control Follow-up
n=44 Participants
No intervention
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Change in Financial Well-being Scale
|
44 scores on a scale
Standard Deviation 12
|
44 scores on a scale
Standard Deviation 10
|
47 scores on a scale
Standard Deviation 11
|
46 scores on a scale
Standard Deviation 13
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: Assessed at 1-hour appointment at baseline and 3 monthsChange from baseline in perceived stress in the last 30 days as measured by the Perceived Stress Scale (short form; 0-16, higher scores are correlated to more stress).
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Cash Transfer Baseline
n=50 Participants
Participants will receive $125 every 2 weeks for 8 payments via ClinCard, for a total of $1000.
Cash Transfer: Participants will receive $125 every 2 weeks for 8 payments via ClinCard, for a total of $1000.
|
Cash Transfer Follow-up
n=49 Participants
Participants will receive $125 every 2 weeks for 8 payments via ClinCard, for a total of $1000.
Cash Transfer: Participants will receive $125 every 2 weeks for 8 payments via ClinCard, for a total of $1000.
|
Control Baseline
n=50 Participants
No intervention
|
Control Follow-up
n=44 Participants
No intervention
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Change in Perceived Stress Scale
|
7.2 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 3.2
|
7.1 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 3.1
|
7.4 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 3.3
|
7.0 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 3.4
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: Assessed at 1-hour appointment at baseline and 3 monthsChange from baseline in current anxiety as measured by the State Trait Anxiety Inventory subscale. The range is from 20-80 with lower scores meaning less anxiety.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Cash Transfer Baseline
n=50 Participants
Participants will receive $125 every 2 weeks for 8 payments via ClinCard, for a total of $1000.
Cash Transfer: Participants will receive $125 every 2 weeks for 8 payments via ClinCard, for a total of $1000.
|
Cash Transfer Follow-up
n=49 Participants
Participants will receive $125 every 2 weeks for 8 payments via ClinCard, for a total of $1000.
Cash Transfer: Participants will receive $125 every 2 weeks for 8 payments via ClinCard, for a total of $1000.
|
Control Baseline
n=50 Participants
No intervention
|
Control Follow-up
n=44 Participants
No intervention
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Change in State Anxiety Scale
|
38 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 14
|
35 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 12
|
40 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 13
|
41 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 13
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: Assessed at 1-hour appointment at baseline and 3 monthsChange from baseline in number of lapses in the Psychomotor Vigilance Task (more lapses indicate less mental bandwidth).
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Cash Transfer Baseline
n=50 Participants
Participants will receive $125 every 2 weeks for 8 payments via ClinCard, for a total of $1000.
Cash Transfer: Participants will receive $125 every 2 weeks for 8 payments via ClinCard, for a total of $1000.
|
Cash Transfer Follow-up
n=49 Participants
Participants will receive $125 every 2 weeks for 8 payments via ClinCard, for a total of $1000.
Cash Transfer: Participants will receive $125 every 2 weeks for 8 payments via ClinCard, for a total of $1000.
|
Control Baseline
n=50 Participants
No intervention
|
Control Follow-up
n=44 Participants
No intervention
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Change in Mental Bandwidth
|
9.0 Change in Lapses
Standard Deviation 12
|
8.8 Change in Lapses
Standard Deviation 13
|
11.1 Change in Lapses
Standard Deviation 16
|
12.0 Change in Lapses
Standard Deviation 13
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: Assessed at 1-hour appointment at baseline and 3 monthsChange from baseline in number of dollars spent out-of-pocket on medications in the past 30 days.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Cash Transfer Baseline
n=50 Participants
Participants will receive $125 every 2 weeks for 8 payments via ClinCard, for a total of $1000.
Cash Transfer: Participants will receive $125 every 2 weeks for 8 payments via ClinCard, for a total of $1000.
|
Cash Transfer Follow-up
n=49 Participants
Participants will receive $125 every 2 weeks for 8 payments via ClinCard, for a total of $1000.
Cash Transfer: Participants will receive $125 every 2 weeks for 8 payments via ClinCard, for a total of $1000.
|
Control Baseline
n=50 Participants
No intervention
|
Control Follow-up
n=44 Participants
No intervention
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Change in Health Care Expenditures on Medications
|
12 Dollars
Standard Deviation 21
|
23 Dollars
Standard Deviation 45
|
10 Dollars
Standard Deviation 15
|
18 Dollars
Standard Deviation 48
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: Assessed at 1-hour appointment at baseline and 3 monthsChange from baseline in current adherence to refilling medications as measured by that subscale of the Adherence to Refills and Medications Scale (ARMS; 4-16, higher scores indicate lower adherence).
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Cash Transfer Baseline
n=50 Participants
Participants will receive $125 every 2 weeks for 8 payments via ClinCard, for a total of $1000.
Cash Transfer: Participants will receive $125 every 2 weeks for 8 payments via ClinCard, for a total of $1000.
|
Cash Transfer Follow-up
n=49 Participants
Participants will receive $125 every 2 weeks for 8 payments via ClinCard, for a total of $1000.
Cash Transfer: Participants will receive $125 every 2 weeks for 8 payments via ClinCard, for a total of $1000.
|
Control Baseline
n=50 Participants
No intervention
|
Control Follow-up
n=44 Participants
No intervention
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Change in Adherence to Medication Refills Scale
|
6.9 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.4
|
6.6 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.1
|
6.5 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.1
|
6.9 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.3
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: Once all study appointments are completed, ED visit data will be collected through the Data Analytics Center for the 3-month period before baseline, and the 3-month period after baseline.We had initially hoped to descriptively summarize these outcomes as part of this pilot study, but the staff member leading our analyses departed during the course of this study and we no longer had someone with the skills and bandwidth to pull, merge, and analyze these data from the electronic health record. For that reason, the data were never collected in this sample and so we have not reported these outcomes
Outcome measures
Outcome data not reported
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: Once all study appointments are completed, number of health care visits(non-ED) data will be collected through the Data Analytics Center for the 3-month period before baseline, and the 3-month period after baseline.We had initially hoped to descriptively summarize these outcomes as part of this pilot study, but the staff member leading our analyses departed during the course of this study and we no longer had someone with the skills and bandwidth to pull, merge, and analyze these data from the electronic health record. For that reason, the data were never collected in this sample and so we have not reported these outcomes
Outcome measures
Outcome data not reported
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: Assessed at 1-hour appointment at baseline and 3 monthsChange from baseline in current cigarette dependence as measured by the Cigarette Dependence Scale (short version; 5-25, higher scores indicate more dependence).
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Cash Transfer Baseline
n=50 Participants
Participants will receive $125 every 2 weeks for 8 payments via ClinCard, for a total of $1000.
Cash Transfer: Participants will receive $125 every 2 weeks for 8 payments via ClinCard, for a total of $1000.
|
Cash Transfer Follow-up
n=49 Participants
Participants will receive $125 every 2 weeks for 8 payments via ClinCard, for a total of $1000.
Cash Transfer: Participants will receive $125 every 2 weeks for 8 payments via ClinCard, for a total of $1000.
|
Control Baseline
n=50 Participants
No intervention
|
Control Follow-up
n=44 Participants
No intervention
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Change in Cigarette Dependence Scale
|
14 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 4
|
15 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 4
|
14 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 4
|
14 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 4
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: Assessed at 1-hour appointment at baseline and 3 monthsChange from baseline in current alcohol use as measured by the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (0-12, higher scores indicate more use).
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Cash Transfer Baseline
n=50 Participants
Participants will receive $125 every 2 weeks for 8 payments via ClinCard, for a total of $1000.
Cash Transfer: Participants will receive $125 every 2 weeks for 8 payments via ClinCard, for a total of $1000.
|
Cash Transfer Follow-up
n=49 Participants
Participants will receive $125 every 2 weeks for 8 payments via ClinCard, for a total of $1000.
Cash Transfer: Participants will receive $125 every 2 weeks for 8 payments via ClinCard, for a total of $1000.
|
Control Baseline
n=50 Participants
No intervention
|
Control Follow-up
n=44 Participants
No intervention
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Change in Alcohol Use Scale
|
1.5 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.6
|
1.6 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.5
|
1.5 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.8
|
1.5 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.7
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: Assessed at 1-hour appointment at baseline and 3 monthsChange from baseline in sum of dollars spent out-of-pocket on medications, office visits, and emergency room visits in the past 30 days.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Cash Transfer Baseline
n=50 Participants
Participants will receive $125 every 2 weeks for 8 payments via ClinCard, for a total of $1000.
Cash Transfer: Participants will receive $125 every 2 weeks for 8 payments via ClinCard, for a total of $1000.
|
Cash Transfer Follow-up
n=49 Participants
Participants will receive $125 every 2 weeks for 8 payments via ClinCard, for a total of $1000.
Cash Transfer: Participants will receive $125 every 2 weeks for 8 payments via ClinCard, for a total of $1000.
|
Control Baseline
n=50 Participants
No intervention
|
Control Follow-up
n=44 Participants
No intervention
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Change in All Health Care Expenditures
|
19 dollars
Standard Deviation 31
|
35 dollars
Standard Deviation 73
|
12 dollars
Standard Deviation 17
|
35 dollars
Standard Deviation 87
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: Assessed at 1-hour appointment at baseline and 3 monthsChange from baseline on current patience which is a single item in the Preference Survey Module (0 "completely unwilling" to 10 "completely willing" to give up present benefits for future benefits, higher scores indicate future preference).
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Cash Transfer Baseline
n=50 Participants
Participants will receive $125 every 2 weeks for 8 payments via ClinCard, for a total of $1000.
Cash Transfer: Participants will receive $125 every 2 weeks for 8 payments via ClinCard, for a total of $1000.
|
Cash Transfer Follow-up
n=49 Participants
Participants will receive $125 every 2 weeks for 8 payments via ClinCard, for a total of $1000.
Cash Transfer: Participants will receive $125 every 2 weeks for 8 payments via ClinCard, for a total of $1000.
|
Control Baseline
n=50 Participants
No intervention
|
Control Follow-up
n=44 Participants
No intervention
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Change in Time Preference (Patience)
|
6.8 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 3.5
|
8 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.7
|
6.5 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 3.5
|
6.7 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 3.2
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: Assessed at 1-hour appointment at baseline and 3 monthsChange from baseline on current snack choice (binary: chose a more or a less healthy snack, choosing a healthy snack indicates future preference).
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Cash Transfer Baseline
n=50 Participants
Participants will receive $125 every 2 weeks for 8 payments via ClinCard, for a total of $1000.
Cash Transfer: Participants will receive $125 every 2 weeks for 8 payments via ClinCard, for a total of $1000.
|
Cash Transfer Follow-up
n=49 Participants
Participants will receive $125 every 2 weeks for 8 payments via ClinCard, for a total of $1000.
Cash Transfer: Participants will receive $125 every 2 weeks for 8 payments via ClinCard, for a total of $1000.
|
Control Baseline
n=50 Participants
No intervention
|
Control Follow-up
n=44 Participants
No intervention
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Change in Time Preference (Behavioral Task)
Selected Fruit
|
40 Participants
|
27 Participants
|
33 Participants
|
20 Participants
|
|
Change in Time Preference (Behavioral Task)
Selected Snack
|
7 Participants
|
15 Participants
|
12 Participants
|
21 Participants
|
|
Change in Time Preference (Behavioral Task)
No Selection
|
3 Participants
|
7 Participants
|
5 Participants
|
3 Participants
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: Assessed at 1-hour appointment at baseline and 3 monthsChange from baseline in psychological distress in the past 30 days as measured by the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K6+, 6-30, higher scores indicate more distress).
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Cash Transfer Baseline
n=50 Participants
Participants will receive $125 every 2 weeks for 8 payments via ClinCard, for a total of $1000.
Cash Transfer: Participants will receive $125 every 2 weeks for 8 payments via ClinCard, for a total of $1000.
|
Cash Transfer Follow-up
n=49 Participants
Participants will receive $125 every 2 weeks for 8 payments via ClinCard, for a total of $1000.
Cash Transfer: Participants will receive $125 every 2 weeks for 8 payments via ClinCard, for a total of $1000.
|
Control Baseline
n=50 Participants
No intervention
|
Control Follow-up
n=44 Participants
No intervention
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Change in Psychological Distress Scale
|
13 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 6
|
12 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 5
|
13 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 6
|
14 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 5
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: Assessed at 1-hour appointment at baseline and 3 monthsChange from baseline in self-reported number of healthy days in the past 30 as measured by the CDC Health-Related Quality of Life Scale (0-30 days).
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Cash Transfer Baseline
n=50 Participants
Participants will receive $125 every 2 weeks for 8 payments via ClinCard, for a total of $1000.
Cash Transfer: Participants will receive $125 every 2 weeks for 8 payments via ClinCard, for a total of $1000.
|
Cash Transfer Follow-up
n=49 Participants
Participants will receive $125 every 2 weeks for 8 payments via ClinCard, for a total of $1000.
Cash Transfer: Participants will receive $125 every 2 weeks for 8 payments via ClinCard, for a total of $1000.
|
Control Baseline
n=50 Participants
No intervention
|
Control Follow-up
n=44 Participants
No intervention
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Change in Number of Healthy Days
|
12 days
Standard Deviation 11
|
15 days
Standard Deviation 11
|
14 days
Standard Deviation 11
|
15 days
Standard Deviation 11
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: Assessed at 1-hour appointment at baseline and 3 monthsChange from baseline in current adherence to taking medications as measured by that subscale of the Adherence to Refills and Medications Scale (ARMS; 8-32, higher scores indicate lower adherence).
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Cash Transfer Baseline
n=50 Participants
Participants will receive $125 every 2 weeks for 8 payments via ClinCard, for a total of $1000.
Cash Transfer: Participants will receive $125 every 2 weeks for 8 payments via ClinCard, for a total of $1000.
|
Cash Transfer Follow-up
n=49 Participants
Participants will receive $125 every 2 weeks for 8 payments via ClinCard, for a total of $1000.
Cash Transfer: Participants will receive $125 every 2 weeks for 8 payments via ClinCard, for a total of $1000.
|
Control Baseline
n=50 Participants
No intervention
|
Control Follow-up
n=44 Participants
No intervention
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Change in Adherence to Taking Medications Scale
|
11 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 3
|
10 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 2
|
11 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 3
|
11 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 3
|
Adverse Events
Cash Transfer Baseline
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
Cash Transfer Follow-up
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
Control Baseline
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
Control Follow-up
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
Serious adverse events
Adverse event data not reported
Other adverse events
Adverse event data not reported
Additional Information
Results disclosure agreements
- Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
- Publication restrictions are in place