Trial Outcomes & Findings for Online MBCT Program for University Students (NCT NCT05804877)
NCT ID: NCT05804877
Last Updated: 2025-12-10
Results Overview
The Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II) is a 21-item self-report questionnaire designed to measure the level of severity of disorders of depression. Items are scored from 0 to 3; higher scores indicate greater symptom severity. In the BDI-II values below 13 points are regarded as no or minimal depressive symptoms. Values between 14 and 19 points indicate a mild expression of depressive symptoms, values between 20 and 28 points a moderate severity. Scores between 29 and 63 are regarded as evidence of severe depressive disorder.
COMPLETED
NA
69 participants
BDI-II score at pre-test (1week before intervention)
2025-12-10
Participant Flow
dates of the recruitment period：2022/02/14\~2022/03/14 recruitment location: School website or Online platform
Participants who (1) have a psychiatric diagnosis, (2) are currently receiving counseling, (3)are not from the medical university in Taiwan, and (4) are unwilling to participate in the study will be excluded.
Participant milestones
| Measure |
online mindfulness-based cognitive therapy program
The online mindfulness-based cognitive program was delivered on the platform of LINE to the experimental group 3 times a week for 8 weeks mindfulness-based cognitive therapy, which were detailed mindfulness-based skills training with pictures or short videos, techniques application in different scenarios, and concepts consolidation through a web-based assignment.
|
mental health education
The mental health education was delivered on the platform of LINE to the control group 3 times a week for 8 weeks.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Overall Study
STARTED
|
26
|
26
|
|
Overall Study
COMPLETED
|
23
|
23
|
|
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
|
3
|
3
|
Reasons for withdrawal
| Measure |
online mindfulness-based cognitive therapy program
The online mindfulness-based cognitive program was delivered on the platform of LINE to the experimental group 3 times a week for 8 weeks mindfulness-based cognitive therapy, which were detailed mindfulness-based skills training with pictures or short videos, techniques application in different scenarios, and concepts consolidation through a web-based assignment.
|
mental health education
The mental health education was delivered on the platform of LINE to the control group 3 times a week for 8 weeks.
|
|---|---|---|
|
Overall Study
Lost to Follow-up
|
1
|
3
|
|
Overall Study
Withdrawal by Subject
|
1
|
0
|
Baseline Characteristics
Race and Ethnicity were not collected from any participant.
Baseline characteristics by cohort
| Measure |
Online Mindfulness-based Cognitive Therapy Program
n=26 Participants
The online mindfulness-based cognitive program was delivered on the platform of LINE to the experimental group 3 times a week for 8 weeks, which were detailed mindfulness-based skills training with pictures or short videos, techniques application in different scenarios, and concepts consolidation through a web-based assignment.
|
Mental Health Education
n=26 Participants
The mental health education was delivered on the platform of LINE to the control group 3 times a week for 8 weeks.
|
Total
n=52 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
|
|---|---|---|---|
|
Age, Continuous
|
20.88 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.56 • n=26 Participants
|
21.92 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.02 • n=26 Participants
|
21.40 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.19 • n=52 Participants
|
|
Sex: Female, Male
Female
|
17 Participants
n=26 Participants
|
22 Participants
n=26 Participants
|
39 Participants
n=52 Participants
|
|
Sex: Female, Male
Male
|
9 Participants
n=26 Participants
|
4 Participants
n=26 Participants
|
13 Participants
n=52 Participants
|
|
Race and Ethnicity Not Collected
|
—
|
—
|
0 Participants
Race and Ethnicity were not collected from any participant.
|
|
Departments
Department of Occupational Therapy
|
11 Participants
n=26 Participants
|
7 Participants
n=26 Participants
|
18 Participants
n=52 Participants
|
|
Departments
Department of Speech Language Pathology and Audiology
|
5 Participants
n=26 Participants
|
7 Participants
n=26 Participants
|
12 Participants
n=52 Participants
|
|
Departments
Department of Nursing
|
2 Participants
n=26 Participants
|
1 Participants
n=26 Participants
|
3 Participants
n=52 Participants
|
|
Departments
Department of Nutrition
|
1 Participants
n=26 Participants
|
3 Participants
n=26 Participants
|
4 Participants
n=52 Participants
|
|
Departments
Department of Public Health
|
1 Participants
n=26 Participants
|
2 Participants
n=26 Participants
|
3 Participants
n=52 Participants
|
|
Departments
School of Medicine
|
0 Participants
n=26 Participants
|
2 Participants
n=26 Participants
|
2 Participants
n=52 Participants
|
|
Departments
Department of Physical Therapy
|
1 Participants
n=26 Participants
|
1 Participants
n=26 Participants
|
2 Participants
n=52 Participants
|
|
Departments
Department of Medical Sociology and Social Work
|
0 Participants
n=26 Participants
|
1 Participants
n=26 Participants
|
1 Participants
n=52 Participants
|
|
Departments
Department of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology
|
1 Participants
n=26 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=26 Participants
|
1 Participants
n=52 Participants
|
|
Departments
Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences
|
1 Participants
n=26 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=26 Participants
|
1 Participants
n=52 Participants
|
|
Departments
Department of Health Industry Technology Management
|
1 Participants
n=26 Participants
|
1 Participants
n=26 Participants
|
2 Participants
n=52 Participants
|
|
Departments
Department of Medical Informatics
|
1 Participants
n=26 Participants
|
1 Participants
n=26 Participants
|
2 Participants
n=52 Participants
|
|
Departments
Department of Applied Foreign Languages
|
1 Participants
n=26 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=26 Participants
|
1 Participants
n=52 Participants
|
|
Grades
freshman
|
3 Participants
n=26 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=26 Participants
|
3 Participants
n=52 Participants
|
|
Grades
sophomore
|
5 Participants
n=26 Participants
|
4 Participants
n=26 Participants
|
9 Participants
n=52 Participants
|
|
Grades
junior
|
9 Participants
n=26 Participants
|
8 Participants
n=26 Participants
|
17 Participants
n=52 Participants
|
|
Grades
senior
|
9 Participants
n=26 Participants
|
12 Participants
n=26 Participants
|
21 Participants
n=52 Participants
|
|
Grades
sixth year of undergraduate school
|
0 Participants
n=26 Participants
|
2 Participants
n=26 Participants
|
2 Participants
n=52 Participants
|
|
Course units
|
17.12 units
STANDARD_DEVIATION 5.59 • n=26 Participants
|
15.34 units
STANDARD_DEVIATION 4.94 • n=26 Participants
|
16.23 units
STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.74 • n=52 Participants
|
|
Clubs
Yes
|
6 Participants
n=26 Participants
|
6 Participants
n=26 Participants
|
12 Participants
n=52 Participants
|
|
Clubs
No
|
20 Participants
n=26 Participants
|
20 Participants
n=26 Participants
|
40 Participants
n=52 Participants
|
|
Part-time jobs
Yes
|
10 Participants
n=26 Participants
|
10 Participants
n=26 Participants
|
20 Participants
n=52 Participants
|
|
Part-time jobs
No
|
16 Participants
n=26 Participants
|
16 Participants
n=26 Participants
|
32 Participants
n=52 Participants
|
|
Livings status
Living with classmates/friends
|
9 Participants
n=26 Participants
|
11 Participants
n=26 Participants
|
20 Participants
n=52 Participants
|
|
Livings status
Living alone
|
10 Participants
n=26 Participants
|
6 Participants
n=26 Participants
|
16 Participants
n=52 Participants
|
|
Livings status
Living with family/relatives
|
5 Participants
n=26 Participants
|
8 Participants
n=26 Participants
|
13 Participants
n=52 Participants
|
|
Livings status
other
|
2 Participants
n=26 Participants
|
1 Participants
n=26 Participants
|
3 Participants
n=52 Participants
|
|
Economic status
Family allowance
|
23 Participants
n=26 Participants
|
23 Participants
n=26 Participants
|
46 Participants
n=52 Participants
|
|
Economic status
Self-sufficient
|
1 Participants
n=26 Participants
|
1 Participants
n=26 Participants
|
2 Participants
n=52 Participants
|
|
Economic status
Family allowance + Self-sufficiency
|
2 Participants
n=26 Participants
|
2 Participants
n=26 Participants
|
4 Participants
n=52 Participants
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: BDI-II score at pre-test (1week before intervention)The Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II) is a 21-item self-report questionnaire designed to measure the level of severity of disorders of depression. Items are scored from 0 to 3; higher scores indicate greater symptom severity. In the BDI-II values below 13 points are regarded as no or minimal depressive symptoms. Values between 14 and 19 points indicate a mild expression of depressive symptoms, values between 20 and 28 points a moderate severity. Scores between 29 and 63 are regarded as evidence of severe depressive disorder.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
online mindfulness-based cognitive therapy program
n=23 Participants
The online mindfulness-based cognitive program was delivered on the platform of LINE to the experimental group 3 times a week for 8 weeks, which were detailed mindfulness-based skills training with pictures or short videos, techniques application in different scenarios, and concepts consolidation through a web-based assignment.
|
mental health education
n=23 Participants
The mental health education was delivered on the platform of LINE to the control group 3 times a week for 8 weeks.
|
|---|---|---|
|
BDI-II -Pretest
|
12.54 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 10.31
|
14.42 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 11.5
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: 1 week after the intervention, corresponding to Week 9The Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II) is a 21-item self-report questionnaire designed to measure the level of severity of disorders of depression. Items are scored from 0 to 3; higher scores indicate greater symptom severity. In the BDI-II values below 13 points are regarded as no or minimal depressive symptoms. Values between 14 and 19 points indicate a mild expression of depressive symptoms, values between 20 and 28 points a moderate severity. Scores between 29 and 63 are regarded as evidence of severe depressive disorder.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
online mindfulness-based cognitive therapy program
n=23 Participants
The online mindfulness-based cognitive program was delivered on the platform of LINE to the experimental group 3 times a week for 8 weeks, which were detailed mindfulness-based skills training with pictures or short videos, techniques application in different scenarios, and concepts consolidation through a web-based assignment.
|
mental health education
n=23 Participants
The mental health education was delivered on the platform of LINE to the control group 3 times a week for 8 weeks.
|
|---|---|---|
|
BDI-II -Posttest
|
7 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 7.83
|
9.87 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 10.1
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: WHOQOL-BREF-TW score at pre-test (1week before intervention)The World Health Organization Quality-of-Life Scale (WHOQOL-BREF) is a 28-item self-report questionnaire with a five point rating scale for each item (from 1 to 5). There are four domains in WHOQOL-BREF, including physical health, psychological health, social relationships, and environment. The Physical Health domain consists of 7 items, with a total score range of 7 to 35; the Psychological domain includes 6 items, ranging from 6 to 30; the Social Relationships domain comprises 4 items, with scores ranging from 4 to 20; and the Environment domain contains 9 items, with a range of 9 to 45. Two additional items are assessed separately: Question 1 evaluates an individual's overall perception of quality of life, while Question 2 assesses their overall perception of health. Each of these two items is scored on a scale from 1 to 5. Domain scores are scaled in a positive direction, meaning that higher scores indicate better quality of life in the corresponding domain.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
online mindfulness-based cognitive therapy program
n=23 Participants
The online mindfulness-based cognitive program was delivered on the platform of LINE to the experimental group 3 times a week for 8 weeks, which were detailed mindfulness-based skills training with pictures or short videos, techniques application in different scenarios, and concepts consolidation through a web-based assignment.
|
mental health education
n=23 Participants
The mental health education was delivered on the platform of LINE to the control group 3 times a week for 8 weeks.
|
|---|---|---|
|
WHOQOL-BREF-TW -Pretest
Overall quality of Life
|
3.38 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.75
|
3.15 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.73
|
|
WHOQOL-BREF-TW -Pretest
General Health facet
|
2.88 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.59
|
2.65 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.75
|
|
WHOQOL-BREF-TW -Pretest
Physical Health
|
26.31 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 3.96
|
23.85 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 4.4
|
|
WHOQOL-BREF-TW -Pretest
Psychological
|
18.38 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 4.73
|
17.81 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 4.11
|
|
WHOQOL-BREF-TW -Pretest
Social relationships
|
14.54 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.79
|
13.96 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.95
|
|
WHOQOL-BREF-TW -Pretest
Environment
|
33.81 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 4.54
|
32 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 4.72
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: 1 week after the intervention, corresponding to Week 9The World Health Organization Quality-of-Life Scale (WHOQOL-BREF) is a 28-item self-report questionnaire with a five point rating scale for each item (from 1 to 5). There are four domains in WHOQOL-BREF, including physical health, psychological health, social relationships, and environment. The Physical Health domain consists of 7 items, with a total score range of 7 to 35; the Psychological domain includes 6 items, ranging from 6 to 30; the Social Relationships domain comprises 4 items, with scores ranging from 4 to 20; and the Environment domain contains 9 items, with a range of 9 to 45. Two additional items are assessed separately: Question 1 evaluates an individual's overall perception of quality of life, while Question 2 assesses their overall perception of health. Each of these two items is scored on a scale from 1 to 5. Domain scores are scaled in a positive direction, meaning that higher scores indicate better quality of life in the corresponding domain.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
online mindfulness-based cognitive therapy program
n=23 Participants
The online mindfulness-based cognitive program was delivered on the platform of LINE to the experimental group 3 times a week for 8 weeks, which were detailed mindfulness-based skills training with pictures or short videos, techniques application in different scenarios, and concepts consolidation through a web-based assignment.
|
mental health education
n=23 Participants
The mental health education was delivered on the platform of LINE to the control group 3 times a week for 8 weeks.
|
|---|---|---|
|
WHOQOL-BREF-TW -Posttest
Overall quality of Life
|
3.87 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.69
|
3.48 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.73
|
|
WHOQOL-BREF-TW -Posttest
General Health facet
|
3.04 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.02
|
3.13 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 0.92
|
|
WHOQOL-BREF-TW -Posttest
Physical Health
|
28.13 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 4.32
|
25.74 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 3.6
|
|
WHOQOL-BREF-TW -Posttest
Psychological
|
21.13 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 5.15
|
18.7 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 3.76
|
|
WHOQOL-BREF-TW -Posttest
Social relationships
|
15.52 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.5
|
14.7 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.18
|
|
WHOQOL-BREF-TW -Posttest
Environment
|
36.39 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 5.32
|
32.61 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 4.52
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: BAI score at pre-test (1week before intervention)The Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) is a 21-item self-report measure designed to reflect the severity of somatic and cognitive symptoms of anxiety over the previous week. Items are scored from 0 to 3; higher scores indicate greater symptom severity. The BAI scores are classified as minimal anxiety (0 to 7), mild anxiety (8 to 15), moderate anxiety (16 to 25), and severe anxiety (30 to 63).
Outcome measures
| Measure |
online mindfulness-based cognitive therapy program
n=26 Participants
The online mindfulness-based cognitive program was delivered on the platform of LINE to the experimental group 3 times a week for 8 weeks, which were detailed mindfulness-based skills training with pictures or short videos, techniques application in different scenarios, and concepts consolidation through a web-based assignment.
|
mental health education
n=26 Participants
The mental health education was delivered on the platform of LINE to the control group 3 times a week for 8 weeks.
|
|---|---|---|
|
BAI -Pretest
|
9.31 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 7.36
|
8.65 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 7.65
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: 1 week after the intervention, corresponding to Week 9The Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) is a 21-item self-report measure designed to reflect the severity of somatic and cognitive symptoms of anxiety over the previous week. Items are scored from 0 to 3; higher scores indicate greater symptom severity. The BAI scores are classified as minimal anxiety (0 to 7), mild anxiety (8 to 15), moderate anxiety (16 to 25), and severe anxiety (30 to 63).
Outcome measures
| Measure |
online mindfulness-based cognitive therapy program
n=23 Participants
The online mindfulness-based cognitive program was delivered on the platform of LINE to the experimental group 3 times a week for 8 weeks, which were detailed mindfulness-based skills training with pictures or short videos, techniques application in different scenarios, and concepts consolidation through a web-based assignment.
|
mental health education
n=23 Participants
The mental health education was delivered on the platform of LINE to the control group 3 times a week for 8 weeks.
|
|---|---|---|
|
BAI -Posttest
|
5.52 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 7.38
|
6.52 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 6.71
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: OSA score at pre-test (1week before intervention)The Occupational Self-Assessment (OSA) evaluates self-perceived occupational competence and environmental support. The questionnaire includes two sections: Self-Competence and Environment. The Self-Competence section has 21 items divided into three subscales-Skills/Performance (11 items), Habituation (5 items), and Volition (5 items)-and the Environment section has 8 items assessing perceived environmental support. Each item is rated on a 4-point scale, where 1 indicates the lowest and 4 the highest level of perceived competence or support. The possible score ranges are 11-44 for Skills/Performance, 5-20 for Habituation, 5-20 for Volition, and 8-32 for Environment. Higher scores represent greater self-perceived occupational competence and stronger environmental support.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
online mindfulness-based cognitive therapy program
n=26 Participants
The online mindfulness-based cognitive program was delivered on the platform of LINE to the experimental group 3 times a week for 8 weeks, which were detailed mindfulness-based skills training with pictures or short videos, techniques application in different scenarios, and concepts consolidation through a web-based assignment.
|
mental health education
n=26 Participants
The mental health education was delivered on the platform of LINE to the control group 3 times a week for 8 weeks.
|
|---|---|---|
|
OSA -Pretest
Skills/Performance
|
33.62 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 4.73
|
30.73 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 4.62
|
|
OSA -Pretest
Habituation
|
14.42 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.76
|
12.96 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.81
|
|
OSA -Pretest
Volition
|
13.88 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.63
|
12.69 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.9
|
|
OSA -Pretest
Environment
|
27.42 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 3.7
|
26.65 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 3.82
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: 1 week after the intervention, corresponding to Week 9The Occupational Self-Assessment (OSA) evaluates self-perceived occupational competence and environmental support. The questionnaire includes two sections: Self-Competence and Environment. The Self-Competence section has 21 items divided into three subscales-Skills/Performance (11 items), Habituation (5 items), and Volition (5 items)-and the Environment section has 8 items assessing perceived environmental support. Each item is rated on a 4-point scale, where 1 indicates the lowest and 4 the highest level of perceived competence or support. The possible score ranges are 11-44 for Skills/Performance, 5-20 for Habituation, 5-20 for Volition, and 8-32 for Environment. Higher scores represent greater self-perceived occupational competence and stronger environmental support.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
online mindfulness-based cognitive therapy program
n=23 Participants
The online mindfulness-based cognitive program was delivered on the platform of LINE to the experimental group 3 times a week for 8 weeks, which were detailed mindfulness-based skills training with pictures or short videos, techniques application in different scenarios, and concepts consolidation through a web-based assignment.
|
mental health education
n=23 Participants
The mental health education was delivered on the platform of LINE to the control group 3 times a week for 8 weeks.
|
|---|---|---|
|
OSA -Posttest
Skills/Performance
|
35.3 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 4.99
|
32.65 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 4.46
|
|
OSA -Posttest
Habituation
|
16.35 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.74
|
13.83 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.37
|
|
OSA -Posttest
Volition
|
15.96 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.85
|
14.04 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 3.31
|
|
OSA -Posttest
Environment
|
28.7 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 3.78
|
26.96 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 4.37
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: COPM score at pre-test (1week before intervention)The Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM) is an individualized measure designed for use by occupational therapists to detect self-perceived change in occupational performance problems over time. The therapist calculates an average COPM performance score and satisfaction score. These typically range between 1 and 10, where 1 indicates poor performance and low satisfaction, respectively, while 10 indicates very good performance and high satisfaction.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
online mindfulness-based cognitive therapy program
n=26 Participants
The online mindfulness-based cognitive program was delivered on the platform of LINE to the experimental group 3 times a week for 8 weeks, which were detailed mindfulness-based skills training with pictures or short videos, techniques application in different scenarios, and concepts consolidation through a web-based assignment.
|
mental health education
n=26 Participants
The mental health education was delivered on the platform of LINE to the control group 3 times a week for 8 weeks.
|
|---|---|---|
|
COPM -Pretest
Performance
|
5.93 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.51
|
4.62 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.46
|
|
COPM -Pretest
Satisfaction
|
5.39 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.84
|
4.22 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.77
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: 1 week after the intervention, corresponding to Week 9The Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM) is an individualized measure designed for use by occupational therapists to detect self-perceived change in occupational performance problems over time. The therapist calculates an average COPM performance score and satisfaction score. These typically range between 1 and 10, where 1 indicates poor performance and low satisfaction, respectively, while 10 indicates very good performance and high satisfaction.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
online mindfulness-based cognitive therapy program
n=23 Participants
The online mindfulness-based cognitive program was delivered on the platform of LINE to the experimental group 3 times a week for 8 weeks, which were detailed mindfulness-based skills training with pictures or short videos, techniques application in different scenarios, and concepts consolidation through a web-based assignment.
|
mental health education
n=23 Participants
The mental health education was delivered on the platform of LINE to the control group 3 times a week for 8 weeks.
|
|---|---|---|
|
COPM -Posttest
Performance
|
7.03 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.65
|
6.01 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.37
|
|
COPM -Posttest
Satisfaction
|
6.85 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.85
|
6.06 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.66
|
Adverse Events
mental health education
online mindfulness-based cognitive therapy program
Serious adverse events
Adverse event data not reported
Other adverse events
Adverse event data not reported
Additional Information
Results disclosure agreements
- Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
- Publication restrictions are in place