Genetic Carbohydrate Maldigestion as a Model to Study Food Hypersensitivity
NCT ID: NCT05795049
Last Updated: 2025-12-19
Study Results
The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.
Basic Information
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ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING
2000 participants
OBSERVATIONAL
2024-07-23
2026-03-31
Brief Summary
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Many patients find that certain foods (particularly carbohydrates) trigger their symptoms, and avoiding such foods has been shown effective in IBS, like in the low-FODMAP (fermentable oligo-, di-, mono-saccharides and polyols) exclusion diet.
This has suggested that the food-symptom relation may involve malabsorption of carbohydrates due to inefficient digestion. However only a percentage of patients respond to this diet. Recently it has been reported that a subset of IBS carries hypomorphic (defective) gene variant of the sucrase isomaltase (SI), the enzyme that normally digests carbohydrates, sucrose and starch. This carbohydrate maldigestion (the breakdown of complex carbohydrates by a person's small bowel enzymes) is characterized by diarrhoea, abdominal pain and bloating, which are also features of IBS. This possibly occurs via accumulation of undigested carbohydrates in the large bowel, where they cause symptoms due to gas production following bacterial fermentation. Similar mechanisms may be acting at the level of other enzymes involved in the digestion, breakdown and absorption of carbohydrates (carb digestion genes -CDGs). Aim of the study is to study the prevalence of this genetic alteration in a large number of IBS patients as compared to asymptomatic controls.
Detailed Description
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Conditions
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Keywords
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Study Design
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CASE_CONTROL
PROSPECTIVE
Study Groups
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IBS Patient
IBS patient with diarrhoea or alternating bowel habit
Stool and saliva sample collection
Stool and saliva samples collection
Questionnaire completion
Questionnaire on;
* demographic, ethnicity, IBS subtype, post-infection onset, previous surgeries
* IBS severity score for adults
* Hospital Anxiety and Depression scores for adults
* Somatization score for adults
* Total glucose and fructose and excess fructose, lactose, sorbitol, mannitol, oligosaccharides (Fructans and GOS) as measured by CNAQ questionnaire for adults and children
* Quality of Life as measured by the PedsQL™ GI Symptoms Module
* GI symptoms as measured by the PedsQL™ GI Symptoms Module
* Anxiety, Depression as measured by the Pediatric PROMIS®
Healthy subject
Participants without IBS
Stool and saliva sample collection
Stool and saliva samples collection
Questionnaire completion
Questionnaire on;
* demographic, ethnicity, IBS subtype, post-infection onset, previous surgeries
* IBS severity score for adults
* Hospital Anxiety and Depression scores for adults
* Somatization score for adults
* Total glucose and fructose and excess fructose, lactose, sorbitol, mannitol, oligosaccharides (Fructans and GOS) as measured by CNAQ questionnaire for adults and children
* Quality of Life as measured by the PedsQL™ GI Symptoms Module
* GI symptoms as measured by the PedsQL™ GI Symptoms Module
* Anxiety, Depression as measured by the Pediatric PROMIS®
Interventions
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Stool and saliva sample collection
Stool and saliva samples collection
Questionnaire completion
Questionnaire on;
* demographic, ethnicity, IBS subtype, post-infection onset, previous surgeries
* IBS severity score for adults
* Hospital Anxiety and Depression scores for adults
* Somatization score for adults
* Total glucose and fructose and excess fructose, lactose, sorbitol, mannitol, oligosaccharides (Fructans and GOS) as measured by CNAQ questionnaire for adults and children
* Quality of Life as measured by the PedsQL™ GI Symptoms Module
* GI symptoms as measured by the PedsQL™ GI Symptoms Module
* Anxiety, Depression as measured by the Pediatric PROMIS®
Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria
* Patients with IBS-D or IBS-M as defined by the Rome III criteria.
* Previous negative endoscopy with biopsies excluding IBD or microscopic colitis in patients above 50 years old
* Negative relevant additional screening or consultation whenever appropriate
* Ability to conform to the study protocol
* Between 5 and 70 years of age
* Absence of Rome III IBS criteria
Exclusion Criteria
* Patients with any condition which, in the opinion of the investigator, makes the patient unsuitable for participation in the study.
* Patients on opioids
* Patients with concurrent organic gastrointestinal disease (inflammatory bowel disease, celiac disease, cancer), or a major disease such as diabetes, uncontrolled thyroid disease
* Patients with a history of bowel surgery (not appendectomy or cholecystectomy)
* Concurrent major confounding condition, e.g. alcohol or substance abuse in the last 2 years (clinician's judgement).
* Blood relatives of the participating IBS patient are not allowed to participate.
* Person with any condition which, in the opinion of the investigator, makes them unsuitable for participation in the study.
* Person presenting with a functional or organic GI disorder.
* Person presenting with underlying disease that may involve the GI tract (e.g. Parkinson's disease) or be associated with GI symptoms (e.g. anorexia nervosa, major depression).
5 Years
70 Years
ALL
Yes
Sponsors
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CICbioGUNE
UNKNOWN
Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel
UNKNOWN
University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover
UNKNOWN
Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust
OTHER
Responsible Party
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Locations
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Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust
Nottingham, , United Kingdom
Countries
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References
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Ford AC, Lacy BE, Talley NJ. Irritable Bowel Syndrome. N Engl J Med. 2017 Jun 29;376(26):2566-2578. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra1607547. No abstract available.
Shepherd SJ, Lomer MC, Gibson PR. Short-chain carbohydrates and functional gastrointestinal disorders. Am J Gastroenterol. 2013 May;108(5):707-17. doi: 10.1038/ajg.2013.96. Epub 2013 Apr 16.
Eswaran SL, Chey WD, Han-Markey T, Ball S, Jackson K. A Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing the Low FODMAP Diet vs. Modified NICE Guidelines in US Adults with IBS-D. Am J Gastroenterol. 2016 Dec;111(12):1824-1832. doi: 10.1038/ajg.2016.434. Epub 2016 Oct 11.
Ament ME, Perera DR, Esther LJ. Sucrase-isomaltase deficiency-a frequently misdiagnosed disease. J Pediatr. 1973 Nov;83(5):721-7. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3476(73)80362-2. No abstract available.
Chumpitazi BP, Lewis J, Cooper D, D'Amato M, Lim J, Gupta S, Miranda A, Terry N, Mehta D, Scheimann A, O'Gorman M, Tipnis N, Davies Y, Friedlander J, Smith H, Punati J, Khlevner J, Setty M, Di Lorenzo C. Hypomorphic SI genetic variants are associated with childhood chronic loose stools. PLoS One. 2020 May 20;15(5):e0231891. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0231891. eCollection 2020.
Henstrom M, Diekmann L, Bonfiglio F, Hadizadeh F, Kuech EM, von Kockritz-Blickwede M, Thingholm LB, Zheng T, Assadi G, Dierks C, Heine M, Philipp U, Distl O, Money ME, Belheouane M, Heinsen FA, Rafter J, Nardone G, Cuomo R, Usai-Satta P, Galeazzi F, Neri M, Walter S, Simren M, Karling P, Ohlsson B, Schmidt PT, Lindberg G, Dlugosz A, Agreus L, Andreasson A, Mayer E, Baines JF, Engstrand L, Portincasa P, Bellini M, Stanghellini V, Barbara G, Chang L, Camilleri M, Franke A, Naim HY, D'Amato M. Functional variants in the sucrase-isomaltase gene associate with increased risk of irritable bowel syndrome. Gut. 2018 Feb;67(2):263-270. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2016-312456. Epub 2016 Nov 21.
Garcia-Etxebarria K, Zheng T, Bonfiglio F, Bujanda L, Dlugosz A, Lindberg G, Schmidt PT, Karling P, Ohlsson B, Simren M, Walter S, Nardone G, Cuomo R, Usai-Satta P, Galeazzi F, Neri M, Portincasa P, Bellini M, Barbara G, Jonkers D, Eswaran S, Chey WD, Kashyap P, Chang L, Mayer EA, Wouters MM, Boeckxstaens G, Camilleri M, Franke A, D'Amato M. Increased Prevalence of Rare Sucrase-isomaltase Pathogenic Variants in Irritable Bowel Syndrome Patients. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2018 Oct;16(10):1673-1676. doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2018.01.047. Epub 2018 Feb 21.
Thingholm L, Ruhlemann M, Wang J, Hubenthal M, Lieb W, Laudes M, Franke A, D'Amato M. Sucrase-isomaltase 15Phe IBS risk variant in relation to dietary carbohydrates and faecal microbiota composition. Gut. 2019 Jan;68(1):177-178. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2017-315841. Epub 2018 Jan 13. No abstract available.
Husein DM, Naim HY. Impaired cell surface expression and digestive function of sucrase-isomaltase gene variants are associated with reduced efficacy of low FODMAPs diet in patients with IBS-D. Gut. 2020 Aug;69(8):1538-1539. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2019-319411. Epub 2019 Jul 22. No abstract available.
Zheng T, Eswaran S, Photenhauer AL, Merchant JL, Chey WD, D'Amato M. Reduced efficacy of low FODMAPs diet in patients with IBS-D carrying sucrase-isomaltase (SI) hypomorphic variants. Gut. 2020 Feb;69(2):397-398. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2018-318036. Epub 2019 Jan 18. No abstract available.
Spiller RC, Thompson WG. Bowel disorders. Am J Gastroenterol. 2010 Apr;105(4):775-85. doi: 10.1038/ajg.2010.69. No abstract available.
Rasquin A, Di Lorenzo C, Forbes D, Guiraldes E, Hyams JS, Staiano A, Walker LS. Childhood functional gastrointestinal disorders: child/adolescent. Gastroenterology. 2006 Apr;130(5):1527-37. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2005.08.063.
Francis CY, Morris J, Whorwell PJ. The irritable bowel severity scoring system: a simple method of monitoring irritable bowel syndrome and its progress. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 1997 Apr;11(2):395-402. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2036.1997.142318000.x.
Snaith RP. The Hospital Anxiety And Depression Scale. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2003 Aug 1;1:29. doi: 10.1186/1477-7525-1-29.
Spiller RC, Humes DJ, Campbell E, Hastings M, Neal KR, Dukes GE, Whorwell PJ. The Patient Health Questionnaire 12 Somatic Symptom scale as a predictor of symptom severity and consulting behaviour in patients with irritable bowel syndrome and symptomatic diverticular disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2010 Sep;32(6):811-20. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2010.04402.x.
Varni JW, Bendo CB, Denham J, Shulman RJ, Self MM, Neigut DA, Nurko S, Patel AS, Franciosi JP, Saps M, Verga B, Smith A, Yeckes A, Heinz N, Langseder A, Saeed S, Zacur GM, Pohl JF. PedsQL gastrointestinal symptoms module: feasibility, reliability, and validity. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2014 Sep;59(3):347-55. doi: 10.1097/MPG.0000000000000414.
Irwin DE, Stucky B, Langer MM, Thissen D, Dewitt EM, Lai JS, Varni JW, Yeatts K, DeWalt DA. An item response analysis of the pediatric PROMIS anxiety and depressive symptoms scales. Qual Life Res. 2010 May;19(4):595-607. doi: 10.1007/s11136-010-9619-3. Epub 2010 Mar 7.
Related Links
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Sponsor website page
Other Identifiers
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288003
Identifier Type: OTHER
Identifier Source: secondary_id
20GA093
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id