A Relational Artificial Intelligence (AI) Chatbot for App-Based Physical Activity Promotion
NCT ID: NCT05794308
Last Updated: 2023-09-13
Study Results
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Basic Information
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UNKNOWN
NA
140 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
2023-04-05
2024-12-01
Brief Summary
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The aim of the study is to build and experimentally test relational capacities of AI chatbot in inducing positive human-AI relationship and leading to higher PA behavior change intention. During the 7-day intervention, the relational chatbot will educate participants on physical activity using 5 types of relational messages during a PA intervention including 1) social dialogue, 2) empathy, 3) self-disclosure, 4) meta-relational communication, and 5) humor. On the other hand, the non-relational chatbot will only deliver PA intervention messages, without relational cues. Relational chatbot condition will be compared to the non-relational chatbot condition to assess its effectiveness.
The objective of this study is to test the efficacy of the mobile app intervention leveraging chatbots in increasing participants' relationship perception and physical activity behavior change.
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Detailed Description
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By developing an AI chatbot that provides access to informational, motivational, and socio-emotional aspects of care will open new opportunities for delivering accessible interventions to improve sedentary population's PA behaviors. More broadly, the test of the AI Chatbot Behavior Change Model (Zhang et al., 2020) will provide the first empirical evidence on the model's utility and working mechanisms accounting for how relational AI chatbot can change health behaviors. If successful, the theoretical model and design of the relational chatbot will be able to generalize to related behavior change fields.
This field experiment will randomly assign participants to relational chatbot condition or non-relational (control) chatbot condition. Both conditions will involve an information component addressing physical activity education sessions.
The objective of this study is to test the efficacy of the mobile app intervention leveraging chatbots in increasing participants' relationship perception and physical activity behavior change.
Conditions
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Study Design
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RANDOMIZED
PARALLEL
PREVENTION
TRIPLE
Study Groups
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Non-Relational Chatbot Physical Activity Intervention
Participants are randomly assigned to a non-relational chatbot in a mobile app. The chatbot will provide physical activity education sessions. The chatbot will not engage in relational conversation behaviors.
Non-Relational Chatbot Physical Activity Intervention
Mobile app-based intervention. Participants will engage in a daily chat with a physical activity promotion chatbot. The chatbot does not, or only minimally, provide relational behavioral cues. Participants will view their progress of daily step counts.
Relational Chatbot Physical Activity Intervention
Participants are randomly assigned to a relational chatbot in a mobile app. The chatbot will provide physical activity education sessions. The chatbot will engage in relational conversation behaviors.
Relational Chatbot Physical Activity Intervention
Mobile app-based intervention. Participants will engage in a daily chat with a physical activity promotion chatbot. The chatbot provides relational behavioral cues. Participants will view their progress of daily step counts.
Interventions
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Non-Relational Chatbot Physical Activity Intervention
Mobile app-based intervention. Participants will engage in a daily chat with a physical activity promotion chatbot. The chatbot does not, or only minimally, provide relational behavioral cues. Participants will view their progress of daily step counts.
Relational Chatbot Physical Activity Intervention
Mobile app-based intervention. Participants will engage in a daily chat with a physical activity promotion chatbot. The chatbot provides relational behavioral cues. Participants will view their progress of daily step counts.
Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria
* Adults (18 years or older)
* Able to speak and read English
* Physically inactive at work and/or during leisure time
* Having internet access to use the chatbot
* Smartphone users
Exclusion Criteria
* Individuals who are not yet adults (infants, children, teenagers)
* Prisoners
* Pregnant women
* Physically active individuals who are meeting physical activity guidelines
* Individuals who have participated in a physical activity intervention in the past 12 months
18 Years
ALL
Yes
Sponsors
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University of California, Davis
OTHER
Responsible Party
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Locations
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University of California, Davis
Davis, California, United States
Countries
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References
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Oh YJ, Liang KH, Kim DD, Zhang X, Yu Z, Fukuoka Y, Zhang J. Enhancing physical activity through a relational artificial intelligence chatbot: A feasibility and usability study. Digit Health. 2025 Mar 3;11:20552076251324445. doi: 10.1177/20552076251324445. eCollection 2025 Jan-Dec.
Other Identifiers
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2033031
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id
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