Trial Outcomes & Findings for Assessing a Natural Product Plus Bioadhesive Nanoparticle (BNP) Sunscreen (NCT NCT05736224)

NCT ID: NCT05736224

Last Updated: 2024-11-27

Results Overview

Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure are indicative of direct DNA damage. DNA will be prepared and assayed by ELISA for quantification of CPDs. CPDs measured in samples obtained immediately after UVR exposure are indicative of direct DNA damage. DNA from skin biopsies was used to quantify the level of DNA damage, represented by CPD levels detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

PHASE1

Target enrollment

30 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

5 minutes after UVR exposure

Results posted on

2024-11-27

Participant Flow

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
Sunscreen and no Suncreen (All Participants)
All participants will have biopsies from a portion of skin with sunscreen applied and a portion of skin without sunscreen applied
Overall Study
STARTED
30
Overall Study
Formulation 1
8
Overall Study
Formulation 2
14
Overall Study
Formulation 3
8
Overall Study
COMPLETED
29
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
1

Reasons for withdrawal

Reasons for withdrawal
Measure
Sunscreen and no Suncreen (All Participants)
All participants will have biopsies from a portion of skin with sunscreen applied and a portion of skin without sunscreen applied
Overall Study
Excluded from analysis because processed biopsy sample was inadequate for analysis
1

Baseline Characteristics

Race and Ethnicity were not collected from any participant.

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
Sunscreen and no Suncreen (All Participants)
n=30 Participants
All participants will have biopsies from a portion of skin with sunscreen applied and a portion of skin without sunscreen applied
Age, Categorical
<=18 years
0 Participants
n=30 Participants
Age, Categorical
Between 18 and 65 years
30 Participants
n=30 Participants
Age, Categorical
>=65 years
0 Participants
n=30 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
18 Participants
n=30 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
12 Participants
n=30 Participants
Region of Enrollment
United States
30 participants
n=30 Participants
Skin Type (Fitzpatrick)
Fitzpatrick Type I
1 Participants
n=30 Participants
Skin Type (Fitzpatrick)
Fitzpatrick Type II
20 Participants
n=30 Participants
Skin Type (Fitzpatrick)
Fitzpatrick Type II/III
2 Participants
n=30 Participants
Skin Type (Fitzpatrick)
Fitzpatrick Type III
7 Participants
n=30 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 5 minutes after UVR exposure

Population: Test Sites were delineated on the subjects upper inner arm, then either No sunscreen was applied, or the Test Sunscreen was applied 1 time at the FDA prescribed level (2 mg/cm2) and dried for 15 minutes before UVR exposure. The test sites were biopsied 5 minutes and 4 hours after UVR exposure. Two biopsies (one with sunscreen and one without) were taken per participant.

Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure are indicative of direct DNA damage. DNA will be prepared and assayed by ELISA for quantification of CPDs. CPDs measured in samples obtained immediately after UVR exposure are indicative of direct DNA damage. DNA from skin biopsies was used to quantify the level of DNA damage, represented by CPD levels detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Sunscreen Formulation 1
n=16 biopsies
Two biopsies were taken per participant: one from portion of skin covered by sunscreen and one where no sunscreen was applied. Sunscreen: The sunscreen contains bioadhesive nanoparticles (BNP) encapsulating avobenzone and octocrylene plus the non-toxic natural products diosmin, ferulic acid, cytisine and trans-resveratrol. UV Light: UV light to the correct sites, and the Multiport 610 solar simulator used to deliver 1 MED UVR to the appropriate subsites.
Sunscreen Formulation 2
n=26 biopsies
Two biopsies were taken per participant: one from portion of skin covered by sunscreen and one where no sunscreen was applied. Sunscreen: The sunscreen contains bioadhesive nanoparticles (BNP) encapsulating avobenzone and octocrylene plus the non-toxic natural products diosmin, ferulic acid, cytisine and trans-resveratrol. UV Light: UV light to the correct sites, and the Multiport 610 solar simulator used to deliver 1 MED UVR to the appropriate subsites.
Sunscreen Formulation 3
n=16 biopsies
Two biopsies were taken per participant: one from portion of skin covered by sunscreen and one where no sunscreen was applied. Sunscreen: The sunscreen contains bioadhesive nanoparticles (BNP) encapsulating avobenzone and octocrylene plus the non-toxic natural products diosmin, ferulic acid, cytisine and trans-resveratrol. UV Light: UV light to the correct sites, and the Multiport 610 solar simulator used to deliver 1 MED UVR to the appropriate subsites.
DNA Damage Level by Cyclobutane Pyrimidine Dimer (CPD) Measurement
No sunscreen
2.48 Optical Density Units
Standard Error 0.15
2.18 Optical Density Units
Standard Error 0.14
2.64 Optical Density Units
Standard Error 0.09
DNA Damage Level by Cyclobutane Pyrimidine Dimer (CPD) Measurement
Sunscreen
1.14 Optical Density Units
Standard Error 0.26
0.33 Optical Density Units
Standard Error 0.07
1.24 Optical Density Units
Standard Error 0.19

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 4 hours after UVR exposure

Population: Test Sites were delineated on the subjects upper inner arm, then either No sunscreen was applied, or the Test Sunscreen was applied 1 time at the FDA prescribed level (2 mg/cm2) and dried for 15 minutes before UVR exposure. The test sites were biopsied 5 minutes and 4 hours after UVR exposure. Two biopsies (one with sunscreen and one without) were taken per participant.

Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure are indicative of direct DNA damage. DNA will be prepared and assayed by ELISA for quantification of CPDs. CPDs measured in samples obtained immediately after UVR exposure are indicative of direct DNA damage. DNA from skin biopsies was used to quantify the level of DNA damage, represented by CPD levels detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Sunscreen Formulation 1
n=16 biopsies
Two biopsies were taken per participant: one from portion of skin covered by sunscreen and one where no sunscreen was applied. Sunscreen: The sunscreen contains bioadhesive nanoparticles (BNP) encapsulating avobenzone and octocrylene plus the non-toxic natural products diosmin, ferulic acid, cytisine and trans-resveratrol. UV Light: UV light to the correct sites, and the Multiport 610 solar simulator used to deliver 1 MED UVR to the appropriate subsites.
Sunscreen Formulation 2
n=26 biopsies
Two biopsies were taken per participant: one from portion of skin covered by sunscreen and one where no sunscreen was applied. Sunscreen: The sunscreen contains bioadhesive nanoparticles (BNP) encapsulating avobenzone and octocrylene plus the non-toxic natural products diosmin, ferulic acid, cytisine and trans-resveratrol. UV Light: UV light to the correct sites, and the Multiport 610 solar simulator used to deliver 1 MED UVR to the appropriate subsites.
Sunscreen Formulation 3
n=16 biopsies
Two biopsies were taken per participant: one from portion of skin covered by sunscreen and one where no sunscreen was applied. Sunscreen: The sunscreen contains bioadhesive nanoparticles (BNP) encapsulating avobenzone and octocrylene plus the non-toxic natural products diosmin, ferulic acid, cytisine and trans-resveratrol. UV Light: UV light to the correct sites, and the Multiport 610 solar simulator used to deliver 1 MED UVR to the appropriate subsites.
DNA Damage Level by Cyclobutane Pyrimidine Dimer (CPD) Measurement
Sunscreen
1.03 Optical Density Units
Standard Error 0.26
0.24 Optical Density Units
Standard Error 0.05
0.92 Optical Density Units
Standard Error 0.23
DNA Damage Level by Cyclobutane Pyrimidine Dimer (CPD) Measurement
No sunscreen
2.41 Optical Density Units
Standard Error 0.21
2.07 Optical Density Units
Standard Error 0.14
2.42 Optical Density Units
Standard Error 0.08

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 5 minutes after UVR exposure

Population: Test Sites were delineated on the subjects upper inner arm, then either No sunscreen was applied, or the Test Sunscreen was applied 1 time at the FDA prescribed level (2 mg/cm2) and dried for 15 minutes before UVR exposure. The test sites were biopsied 5 minutes and 4 hours after UVR exposure. Two biopsies (one with sunscreen and one without) were taken per participant.

Formalin fixed paraffin embedded skin stained with anti-gH2AX to identify keratinocytes with DNA strand breaks. Indirect, oxidative DNA damage may result in DNA strand breaks that can be visualized by microscopic analysis after staining for gH2AX, which builds up within cells with DNA strand break.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Sunscreen Formulation 1
n=16 biopsies
Two biopsies were taken per participant: one from portion of skin covered by sunscreen and one where no sunscreen was applied. Sunscreen: The sunscreen contains bioadhesive nanoparticles (BNP) encapsulating avobenzone and octocrylene plus the non-toxic natural products diosmin, ferulic acid, cytisine and trans-resveratrol. UV Light: UV light to the correct sites, and the Multiport 610 solar simulator used to deliver 1 MED UVR to the appropriate subsites.
Sunscreen Formulation 2
n=26 biopsies
Two biopsies were taken per participant: one from portion of skin covered by sunscreen and one where no sunscreen was applied. Sunscreen: The sunscreen contains bioadhesive nanoparticles (BNP) encapsulating avobenzone and octocrylene plus the non-toxic natural products diosmin, ferulic acid, cytisine and trans-resveratrol. UV Light: UV light to the correct sites, and the Multiport 610 solar simulator used to deliver 1 MED UVR to the appropriate subsites.
Sunscreen Formulation 3
n=16 biopsies
Two biopsies were taken per participant: one from portion of skin covered by sunscreen and one where no sunscreen was applied. Sunscreen: The sunscreen contains bioadhesive nanoparticles (BNP) encapsulating avobenzone and octocrylene plus the non-toxic natural products diosmin, ferulic acid, cytisine and trans-resveratrol. UV Light: UV light to the correct sites, and the Multiport 610 solar simulator used to deliver 1 MED UVR to the appropriate subsites.
Detectable DNA Strand Breaks
No sunscreen (normalized)
0 fluorescence units
Standard Error 0
0 fluorescence units
Standard Error 0
0 fluorescence units
Standard Error 0
Detectable DNA Strand Breaks
Sunscreen (normalized)
0 fluorescence units
Standard Error 0
0 fluorescence units
Standard Error 0
0 fluorescence units
Standard Error 0

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 4 hours after UVR exposure

Population: Test Sites were delineated on the subjects upper inner arm, then either No sunscreen was applied, or the Test Sunscreen was applied 1 time at the FDA prescribed level (2 mg/cm2) and dried for 15 minutes before UVR exposure. The test sites were biopsied 5 minutes and 4 hours after UVR exposure. Two biopsies (one with sunscreen and one without) were taken per participant.

Formalin fixed paraffin embedded skin stained with anti-gH2AX to identify keratinocytes with DNA strand breaks. Indirect, oxidative DNA damage may result in DNA strand breaks that can be visualized by microscopic analysis after staining for gH2AX, which builds up within cells with DNA strand break.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Sunscreen Formulation 1
n=16 biopsies
Two biopsies were taken per participant: one from portion of skin covered by sunscreen and one where no sunscreen was applied. Sunscreen: The sunscreen contains bioadhesive nanoparticles (BNP) encapsulating avobenzone and octocrylene plus the non-toxic natural products diosmin, ferulic acid, cytisine and trans-resveratrol. UV Light: UV light to the correct sites, and the Multiport 610 solar simulator used to deliver 1 MED UVR to the appropriate subsites.
Sunscreen Formulation 2
n=26 biopsies
Two biopsies were taken per participant: one from portion of skin covered by sunscreen and one where no sunscreen was applied. Sunscreen: The sunscreen contains bioadhesive nanoparticles (BNP) encapsulating avobenzone and octocrylene plus the non-toxic natural products diosmin, ferulic acid, cytisine and trans-resveratrol. UV Light: UV light to the correct sites, and the Multiport 610 solar simulator used to deliver 1 MED UVR to the appropriate subsites.
Sunscreen Formulation 3
n=16 biopsies
Two biopsies were taken per participant: one from portion of skin covered by sunscreen and one where no sunscreen was applied. Sunscreen: The sunscreen contains bioadhesive nanoparticles (BNP) encapsulating avobenzone and octocrylene plus the non-toxic natural products diosmin, ferulic acid, cytisine and trans-resveratrol. UV Light: UV light to the correct sites, and the Multiport 610 solar simulator used to deliver 1 MED UVR to the appropriate subsites.
Number of DNA Strand Breaks
No sunscreen
0 fluorescence units
Standard Error 0
0 fluorescence units
Standard Error 0
0 fluorescence units
Standard Error 0
Number of DNA Strand Breaks
Sunscreen
0 fluorescence units
Standard Error 0
0 fluorescence units
Standard Error 0
0 fluorescence units
Standard Error 0

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 5 minutes after UVR exposure

Population: Test Sites were delineated on the subjects upper inner arm, then either No sunscreen was applied, or the Test Sunscreen was applied 1 time at the FDA prescribed level (2 mg/cm2) and dried for 15 minutes before UVR exposure. The test sites were biopsied 5 minutes and 4 hours after UVR exposure. Two biopsies (one with sunscreen and one without) were taken per participant.

Formalin fixed paraffin embedded skin stained with anti-3-nitrotyrosine to identify cellular damage. ROS and high energy triplet state species can result in nitration of tyrosine residues of cellular proteins. This type of damage can be visualized by microscopic visualization of 3-nitrotyrosine.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Sunscreen Formulation 1
n=16 biopsies
Two biopsies were taken per participant: one from portion of skin covered by sunscreen and one where no sunscreen was applied. Sunscreen: The sunscreen contains bioadhesive nanoparticles (BNP) encapsulating avobenzone and octocrylene plus the non-toxic natural products diosmin, ferulic acid, cytisine and trans-resveratrol. UV Light: UV light to the correct sites, and the Multiport 610 solar simulator used to deliver 1 MED UVR to the appropriate subsites.
Sunscreen Formulation 2
n=26 biopsies
Two biopsies were taken per participant: one from portion of skin covered by sunscreen and one where no sunscreen was applied. Sunscreen: The sunscreen contains bioadhesive nanoparticles (BNP) encapsulating avobenzone and octocrylene plus the non-toxic natural products diosmin, ferulic acid, cytisine and trans-resveratrol. UV Light: UV light to the correct sites, and the Multiport 610 solar simulator used to deliver 1 MED UVR to the appropriate subsites.
Sunscreen Formulation 3
n=16 biopsies
Two biopsies were taken per participant: one from portion of skin covered by sunscreen and one where no sunscreen was applied. Sunscreen: The sunscreen contains bioadhesive nanoparticles (BNP) encapsulating avobenzone and octocrylene plus the non-toxic natural products diosmin, ferulic acid, cytisine and trans-resveratrol. UV Light: UV light to the correct sites, and the Multiport 610 solar simulator used to deliver 1 MED UVR to the appropriate subsites.
Cellular Damage
No sunscreen
0 fluorescence units
Standard Error 0
0 fluorescence units
Standard Error 0
0 fluorescence units
Standard Error 0
Cellular Damage
Sunscreen
0 fluorescence units
Standard Error 0
0 fluorescence units
Standard Error 0
0 fluorescence units
Standard Error 0

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 4 hours after UVR exposure

Population: Test Sites were delineated on the subjects upper inner arm, then either No sunscreen was applied, or the Test Sunscreen was applied 1 time at the FDA prescribed level (2 mg/cm2) and dried for 15 minutes before UVR exposure. The test sites were biopsied 5 minutes and 4 hours after UVR exposure. Two biopsies (one with sunscreen and one without) were taken per participant.

Formalin fixed paraffin embedded skin stained with anti-3-nitrotyrosine to identify cellular damage. ROS and high energy triplet state species can result in nitration of tyrosine residues of cellular proteins. This type of damage can be visualized by microscopic visualization of 3-nitrotyrosine.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Sunscreen Formulation 1
n=16 biopsies
Two biopsies were taken per participant: one from portion of skin covered by sunscreen and one where no sunscreen was applied. Sunscreen: The sunscreen contains bioadhesive nanoparticles (BNP) encapsulating avobenzone and octocrylene plus the non-toxic natural products diosmin, ferulic acid, cytisine and trans-resveratrol. UV Light: UV light to the correct sites, and the Multiport 610 solar simulator used to deliver 1 MED UVR to the appropriate subsites.
Sunscreen Formulation 2
n=26 biopsies
Two biopsies were taken per participant: one from portion of skin covered by sunscreen and one where no sunscreen was applied. Sunscreen: The sunscreen contains bioadhesive nanoparticles (BNP) encapsulating avobenzone and octocrylene plus the non-toxic natural products diosmin, ferulic acid, cytisine and trans-resveratrol. UV Light: UV light to the correct sites, and the Multiport 610 solar simulator used to deliver 1 MED UVR to the appropriate subsites.
Sunscreen Formulation 3
n=16 biopsies
Two biopsies were taken per participant: one from portion of skin covered by sunscreen and one where no sunscreen was applied. Sunscreen: The sunscreen contains bioadhesive nanoparticles (BNP) encapsulating avobenzone and octocrylene plus the non-toxic natural products diosmin, ferulic acid, cytisine and trans-resveratrol. UV Light: UV light to the correct sites, and the Multiport 610 solar simulator used to deliver 1 MED UVR to the appropriate subsites.
Cellular Damage
No sunscreen
0 fluorescence units
Standard Error 0
0 fluorescence units
Standard Error 0
0 fluorescence units
Standard Error 0
Cellular Damage
Sunscreen
0 fluorescence units
Standard Error 0
0 fluorescence units
Standard Error 0
0 fluorescence units
Standard Error 0

Adverse Events

Sunscreen and no Suncreen (All Participants)

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Other adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Additional Information

Kacie Carlson, Physician Assistant

Yale University Department of Dermatology

Phone: 203 785 7432

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
  • Publication restrictions are in place