Home-based Augmented Reality Storybook Training Modules for Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder

NCT ID: NCT05666934

Last Updated: 2022-12-28

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: COMPLETED
• Clinical Phase: NA
• Total Enrollment: 15 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2021-08-01
• Study Completion Date: 2022-07-31

Brief Summary

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a lifelong neurodevelopmental disability with increasing prevalence worldwide. The main difficulties include poor social interaction and self-regulation skills. Effective interventions are required to improve the social interaction skills and emotional regulation of children with ASD. The present study involved developing and testing the feasibility and short-term efficacy of the home-based augmented reality (AR) training modules for preschool children with ASD. We recruited 15 children with ASD (3 to 5 years old). Wilcoxon signed rank test analysis was used to compare the differences in emotional functioning and adaptive behavior. Children received 8-week home-based AR training modules. Sessions were 20 minutes 4 times a week.

Detailed Description

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a lifelong neurodevelopmental disability with increasing prevalence worldwide. Its symptoms include limitations in social interaction and repetitive and restrictive behaviors. These symptoms may result in difficulties in participating in daily life and social activities across the lifespan. The main challenges include poor communication, social interaction, and emotional regulation skills that can limit and impair a person's everyday functioning. Many parents of children with ASD had an increased caregiver burden. In addition, the total lifetime cost of autism per individual is about 3.6 million US dollars. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop appropriate and effective interventions for improving the communication and self-regulation skills of children with ASD. Research has increasingly focused on the effectiveness of interventions for children with ASD. Nonetheless, research has yet remained an underappreciated concept in different cultural contexts. To address these gaps, the present study involved developing and testing the feasibility and effectiveness of the home-based Augmented Reality (AR) social story training modules for preschool children with ASD. The home-based AR social story training modules are designed. We recruited 15 children with ASD (3 to 5 years old). Wilcoxon signed rank test analysis was used to compare the differences in emotional functioning and adaptive behavior. Children received 8-week home-based AR training modules. Sessions were 20 minutes 4 times a week.

Conditions

Autism Spectrum Disorder

Study Design

• Allocation Method: NA
• Intervention Model: SINGLE_GROUP
• Primary Study Purpose: TREATMENT
• Blinding Strategy: NONE

Study Groups

Home-based Augmented Reality Storybook Training Module

The children were entirely involved in this intervention program at home, with 20 minutes each time, 4 times a week for 8 weeks. The caregiver was required to perform the interactive picture book specified by the AR home training modules. During the process, the caregivers could directly contact the researcher by telephone and instant messaging for solving problems that occur during the interaction. The researcher and the caregiver consistently met once every two weeks. On the day of the meeting, the caregiver needs to prepare at least ten minutes of interactive video to discuss with the researcher. The researcher not only provides suggestions for caregiver interaction skills based on the video, in order to facilitate the child's interaction. The interaction strategies were also revised according to the interaction ability and special behavior problems of individual children.

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

Augmented Reality Storybook

Intervention Type: DEVICE

The AR system was developed using a Vuforia Engine Package for Unity (PTC Inc, San Diego, CA), which enabled to create an application for children to view a storybook in their own homes. The children and caregivers could view eight scenarios (receiving a praise, broken toys, waiting in line at the playground, getting a vaccination, waiting for watching a video, hitting someone in an accident, grabbing a toy, understanding another person's feelings) and learn strategies for emotional events reflected in the tablet (Figure 1). This AR application supports a tablet size of 10.4 inches and is equipped with a Samsung Galaxy Tab A7.

Interventions

Augmented Reality Storybook

The AR system was developed using a Vuforia Engine Package for Unity (PTC Inc, San Diego, CA), which enabled to create an application for children to view a storybook in their own homes. The children and caregivers could view eight scenarios (receiving a praise, broken toys, waiting in line at the playground, getting a vaccination, waiting for watching a video, hitting someone in an accident, grabbing a toy, understanding another person's feelings) and learn strategies for emotional events reflected in the tablet (Figure 1). This AR application supports a tablet size of 10.4 inches and is equipped with a Samsung Galaxy Tab A7.

Intervention Type: DEVICE

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

• The inclusion criteria were children who (1) had a disability identification for ASD, (2) were aged 3 to 5 years and 11 months, and (3) scores at or above 30 according to the CARS-2.

Exclusion Criteria:

• The exclusion criteria were children (1) whose nonverbal intelligence quotient was below 85 and (2) who had comorbid diagnoses with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

• Minimum Eligible Age: 41 Months
• Maximum Eligible Age: 70 Months
• Eligible Sex: MALE
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Sponsors

National Cheng Kung University

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Ling-Yi Lin

Associate Professor

Responsibility Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

Ling-Yi Lin, ScD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

National Cheng-Kung University Hospital

Locations

National Cheng Kung University

Tainan City, , Taiwan

Countries

Taiwan

Other Identifiers

B-BR-107-066

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id