Trial Outcomes & Findings for Incentive-based and Media Literacy Informed Approaches to Improve Vaping Cessation (NCT NCT05586308)
NCT ID: NCT05586308
Last Updated: 2026-01-29
Results Overview
Engagement will be assessed by proportions of participants who submitted the remote saliva cotinine sample at remote checkin 3.
Recruitment status
COMPLETED
Study phase
NA
Target enrollment
40 participants
Primary outcome timeframe
3 months
Results posted on
2026-01-29
Participant Flow
We worked with READi Core at the University of Nebraska Medical Center to first generate a list of potentially eligible participants, filtering for age and using smart text data to determine the vaping or smoking status. A study invitation email was sent to individuals on this potential participant list . In this email, interested individuals will be directed to complete web-based screening questions via REDCap to assess their eligibility.
Participant milestones
| Measure |
Active Control
Participants in this arm will receive an evidence-based text-messaging support.
Text-massaging suport: Text-messaging quitting support program (i.e., This is Quitting) is an evidence-based, free mobile program from Truth Initiative designed to help young people quit vaping. The program is fully automated and interactive. To establish or reinforce perceived social norms and social support around quitting, a majority of messages come from other users who have submitted them to the program.
|
Media Literacy
Participants will receive media literacy e-learning lessons and an evidence-based text-messaging support.
Text-massaging suport: Text-messaging quitting support program (i.e., This is Quitting) is an evidence-based, free mobile program from Truth Initiative designed to help young people quit vaping. The program is fully automated and interactive. To establish or reinforce perceived social norms and social support around quitting, a majority of messages come from other users who have submitted them to the program.
Media literacy: Media literacy e-learning lessons cover topics regarding what e-cigarettes are and how they work, how nicotine and nicotine addiction affects the brain and behavior, how to prepare to quit vaping, developing a quit plan and how to deal with cravings and relapse. The program focuses on changing knowledge, attitudes and beliefs related to e-cigarette use, as well as emphasizing vaping related media literacy.
|
Financial Incentive
Participants will receive financial incentive intervention and an evidence-based text-messaging support.
Text-massaging suport: Text-messaging quitting support program (i.e., This is Quitting) is an evidence-based, free mobile program from Truth Initiative designed to help young people quit vaping. The program is fully automated and interactive. To establish or reinforce perceived social norms and social support around quitting, a majority of messages come from other users who have submitted them to the program.
Financial incentive: 1. Participants will earn $3 for each saliva cotinine sample submission regardless of positive or negative results after the quit day (an assessments at Week 6, Week 8, Week 10, and Week 12, during the abstinence phase) 2. Participants will earn additional escalating rewards for each negative sample- $7 for Week 6, $12 for Week 8, $17 for Week 10, and $22 for Week 12 (2 months after the target quit date). The bonus starts at $7 and increase by $5 for each subsequent negative cotinine sample (i.e., $7, $12, $17, and $22).
3\. A reset contingency will be used. That is the reward amount will be returned back to original $7 if there is a missing or positive saliva cotinine sample
|
Combined
Participants will receive media literacy e-learning lessons, financial incentive, and an evidence-based text-messaging support program.
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Overall Study
STARTED
|
9
|
11
|
10
|
10
|
|
Overall Study
COMPLETED
|
6
|
5
|
5
|
5
|
|
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
|
3
|
6
|
5
|
5
|
Reasons for withdrawal
Withdrawal data not reported
Baseline Characteristics
Incentive-based and Media Literacy Informed Approaches to Improve Vaping Cessation
Baseline characteristics by cohort
| Measure |
Active Control
n=9 Participants
Participants in this arm will receive an evidence-based text-messaging support.
Text-massaging suport: Text-messaging quitting support program (i.e., This is Quitting) is an evidence-based, free mobile program from Truth Initiative designed to help young people quit vaping. The program is fully automated and interactive. To establish or reinforce perceived social norms and social support around quitting, a majority of messages come from other users who have submitted them to the program.
|
Media Literacy
n=11 Participants
Participants will receive media literacy e-learning lessons and an evidence-based text-messaging support.
Text-massaging suport: Text-messaging quitting support program (i.e., This is Quitting) is an evidence-based, free mobile program from Truth Initiative designed to help young people quit vaping. The program is fully automated and interactive. To establish or reinforce perceived social norms and social support around quitting, a majority of messages come from other users who have submitted them to the program.
Media literacy: Media literacy e-learning lessons cover topics regarding what e-cigarettes are and how they work, how nicotine and nicotine addiction affects the brain and behavior, how to prepare to quit vaping, developing a quit plan and how to deal with cravings and relapse. The program focuses on changing knowledge, attitudes and beliefs related to e-cigarette use, as well as emphasizing vaping related media literacy.
|
Financial Incentive
n=10 Participants
Participants will receive financial incentive intervention and an evidence-based text-messaging support.
Text-massaging suport: Text-messaging quitting support program (i.e., This is Quitting) is an evidence-based, free mobile program from Truth Initiative designed to help young people quit vaping. The program is fully automated and interactive. To establish or reinforce perceived social norms and social support around quitting, a majority of messages come from other users who have submitted them to the program.
Financial incentive: 1. Participants will earn $3 for each saliva cotinine sample submission regardless of positive or negative results after the quit day (an assessments at Week 6, Week 8, Week 10, and Week 12, during the abstinence phase) 2. Participants will earn additional escalating rewards for each negative sample- $7 for Week 6, $12 for Week 8, $17 for Week 10, and $22 for Week 12 (2 months after the target quit date). The bonus starts at $7 and increase by $5 for each subsequent negative cotinine sample (i.e., $7, $12, $17, and $22).
3\. A reset contingency will be used. That is the reward amount will be returned back to original $7 if there is a missing or positive saliva cotinine sample
|
Combined
n=10 Participants
Participants will receive media literacy e-learning lessons, financial incentive, and an evidence-based text-messaging support program.
|
Total
n=40 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Age, Continuous
|
23 years
n=35 Participants
|
25 years
n=4328 Participants
|
24 years
n=8687 Participants
|
22.5 years
n=153 Participants
|
23.5 years
n=200 Participants
|
|
Sex/Gender, Customized
Female
|
7 Participants
n=35 Participants
|
9 Participants
n=4328 Participants
|
7 Participants
n=8687 Participants
|
7 Participants
n=153 Participants
|
30 Participants
n=200 Participants
|
|
Sex/Gender, Customized
Male
|
1 Participants
n=35 Participants
|
1 Participants
n=4328 Participants
|
1 Participants
n=8687 Participants
|
2 Participants
n=153 Participants
|
5 Participants
n=200 Participants
|
|
Sex/Gender, Customized
Non-binary
|
1 Participants
n=35 Participants
|
1 Participants
n=4328 Participants
|
2 Participants
n=8687 Participants
|
1 Participants
n=153 Participants
|
5 Participants
n=200 Participants
|
|
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Hispanic or Latino
|
3 Participants
n=35 Participants
|
2 Participants
n=4328 Participants
|
2 Participants
n=8687 Participants
|
2 Participants
n=153 Participants
|
9 Participants
n=200 Participants
|
|
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Not Hispanic or Latino
|
6 Participants
n=35 Participants
|
9 Participants
n=4328 Participants
|
8 Participants
n=8687 Participants
|
8 Participants
n=153 Participants
|
31 Participants
n=200 Participants
|
|
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
|
0 Participants
n=35 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=4328 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=8687 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=153 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=200 Participants
|
|
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
White
|
6 Participants
n=35 Participants
|
9 Participants
n=4328 Participants
|
8 Participants
n=8687 Participants
|
8 Participants
n=153 Participants
|
31 Participants
n=200 Participants
|
|
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
Black
|
0 Participants
n=35 Participants
|
2 Participants
n=4328 Participants
|
2 Participants
n=8687 Participants
|
2 Participants
n=153 Participants
|
6 Participants
n=200 Participants
|
|
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
Other (e.g/., Asian or American Indian/Alaskan Native)
|
0 Participants
n=35 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=4328 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=8687 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=153 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=200 Participants
|
|
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
Unknown
|
3 Participants
n=35 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=4328 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=8687 Participants
|
0 Participants
n=153 Participants
|
3 Participants
n=200 Participants
|
|
Region of Enrollment
United States
|
9 participants
n=35 Participants
|
11 participants
n=4328 Participants
|
10 participants
n=8687 Participants
|
10 participants
n=153 Participants
|
40 participants
n=200 Participants
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: 3 monthsEngagement will be assessed by proportions of participants who submitted the remote saliva cotinine sample at remote checkin 3.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Active Control
n=9 Participants
Participants in this arm will receive an evidence-based text-messaging support.
Text-massaging suport: Text-messaging quitting support program (i.e., This is Quitting) is an evidence-based, free mobile program from Truth Initiative designed to help young people quit vaping. The program is fully automated and interactive. To establish or reinforce perceived social norms and social support around quitting, a majority of messages come from other users who have submitted them to the program.
|
Media Literacy
n=11 Participants
Participants will receive media literacy e-learning lessons and an evidence-based text-messaging support.
Text-massaging suport: Text-messaging quitting support program (i.e., This is Quitting) is an evidence-based, free mobile program from Truth Initiative designed to help young people quit vaping. The program is fully automated and interactive. To establish or reinforce perceived social norms and social support around quitting, a majority of messages come from other users who have submitted them to the program.
Media literacy: Media literacy e-learning lessons cover topics regarding what e-cigarettes are and how they work, how nicotine and nicotine addiction affects the brain and behavior, how to prepare to quit vaping, developing a quit plan and how to deal with cravings and relapse. The program focuses on changing knowledge, attitudes and beliefs related to e-cigarette use, as well as emphasizing vaping related media literacy.
|
Financial Incentive
n=10 Participants
Participants will receive financial incentive intervention and an evidence-based text-messaging support.
Text-massaging suport: Text-messaging quitting support program (i.e., This is Quitting) is an evidence-based, free mobile program from Truth Initiative designed to help young people quit vaping. The program is fully automated and interactive. To establish or reinforce perceived social norms and social support around quitting, a majority of messages come from other users who have submitted them to the program.
Financial incentive: 1. Participants will earn $3 for each saliva cotinine sample submission regardless of positive or negative results after the quit day (an assessments at Week 6, Week 8, Week 10, and Week 12, during the abstinence phase) 2. Participants will earn additional escalating rewards for each negative sample- $7 for Week 6, $12 for Week 8, $17 for Week 10, and $22 for Week 12 (2 months after the target quit date). The bonus starts at $7 and increase by $5 for each subsequent negative cotinine sample (i.e., $7, $12, $17, and $22).
3\. A reset contingency will be used. That is the reward amount will be returned back to original $7 if there is a missing or positive saliva cotinine sample
|
Combined
n=10 Participants
Participants will receive media literacy e-learning lessons, financial incentive, and an evidence-based text-messaging support program.
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Engagement_remote checkin_3
Submitted
|
6 Participants
|
5 Participants
|
6 Participants
|
5 Participants
|
|
Engagement_remote checkin_3
Missing
|
3 Participants
|
6 Participants
|
4 Participants
|
5 Participants
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: 3 monthsThe number of participants who completed the end-of-study assessment (Week 12).
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Active Control
n=9 Participants
Participants in this arm will receive an evidence-based text-messaging support.
Text-massaging suport: Text-messaging quitting support program (i.e., This is Quitting) is an evidence-based, free mobile program from Truth Initiative designed to help young people quit vaping. The program is fully automated and interactive. To establish or reinforce perceived social norms and social support around quitting, a majority of messages come from other users who have submitted them to the program.
|
Media Literacy
n=11 Participants
Participants will receive media literacy e-learning lessons and an evidence-based text-messaging support.
Text-massaging suport: Text-messaging quitting support program (i.e., This is Quitting) is an evidence-based, free mobile program from Truth Initiative designed to help young people quit vaping. The program is fully automated and interactive. To establish or reinforce perceived social norms and social support around quitting, a majority of messages come from other users who have submitted them to the program.
Media literacy: Media literacy e-learning lessons cover topics regarding what e-cigarettes are and how they work, how nicotine and nicotine addiction affects the brain and behavior, how to prepare to quit vaping, developing a quit plan and how to deal with cravings and relapse. The program focuses on changing knowledge, attitudes and beliefs related to e-cigarette use, as well as emphasizing vaping related media literacy.
|
Financial Incentive
n=10 Participants
Participants will receive financial incentive intervention and an evidence-based text-messaging support.
Text-massaging suport: Text-messaging quitting support program (i.e., This is Quitting) is an evidence-based, free mobile program from Truth Initiative designed to help young people quit vaping. The program is fully automated and interactive. To establish or reinforce perceived social norms and social support around quitting, a majority of messages come from other users who have submitted them to the program.
Financial incentive: 1. Participants will earn $3 for each saliva cotinine sample submission regardless of positive or negative results after the quit day (an assessments at Week 6, Week 8, Week 10, and Week 12, during the abstinence phase) 2. Participants will earn additional escalating rewards for each negative sample- $7 for Week 6, $12 for Week 8, $17 for Week 10, and $22 for Week 12 (2 months after the target quit date). The bonus starts at $7 and increase by $5 for each subsequent negative cotinine sample (i.e., $7, $12, $17, and $22).
3\. A reset contingency will be used. That is the reward amount will be returned back to original $7 if there is a missing or positive saliva cotinine sample
|
Combined
n=10 Participants
Participants will receive media literacy e-learning lessons, financial incentive, and an evidence-based text-messaging support program.
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Retention
Missing
|
3 Participants
|
6 Participants
|
5 Participants
|
5 Participants
|
|
Retention
Completed
|
6 Participants
|
5 Participants
|
5 Participants
|
5 Participants
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: 3 monthsBiochemically verified vaping abstinence (negative results- \< 30 ng/mL) will be measured by saliva cotinine samples at end of study (Week 12).
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Active Control
n=9 Participants
Participants in this arm will receive an evidence-based text-messaging support.
Text-massaging suport: Text-messaging quitting support program (i.e., This is Quitting) is an evidence-based, free mobile program from Truth Initiative designed to help young people quit vaping. The program is fully automated and interactive. To establish or reinforce perceived social norms and social support around quitting, a majority of messages come from other users who have submitted them to the program.
|
Media Literacy
n=11 Participants
Participants will receive media literacy e-learning lessons and an evidence-based text-messaging support.
Text-massaging suport: Text-messaging quitting support program (i.e., This is Quitting) is an evidence-based, free mobile program from Truth Initiative designed to help young people quit vaping. The program is fully automated and interactive. To establish or reinforce perceived social norms and social support around quitting, a majority of messages come from other users who have submitted them to the program.
Media literacy: Media literacy e-learning lessons cover topics regarding what e-cigarettes are and how they work, how nicotine and nicotine addiction affects the brain and behavior, how to prepare to quit vaping, developing a quit plan and how to deal with cravings and relapse. The program focuses on changing knowledge, attitudes and beliefs related to e-cigarette use, as well as emphasizing vaping related media literacy.
|
Financial Incentive
n=10 Participants
Participants will receive financial incentive intervention and an evidence-based text-messaging support.
Text-massaging suport: Text-messaging quitting support program (i.e., This is Quitting) is an evidence-based, free mobile program from Truth Initiative designed to help young people quit vaping. The program is fully automated and interactive. To establish or reinforce perceived social norms and social support around quitting, a majority of messages come from other users who have submitted them to the program.
Financial incentive: 1. Participants will earn $3 for each saliva cotinine sample submission regardless of positive or negative results after the quit day (an assessments at Week 6, Week 8, Week 10, and Week 12, during the abstinence phase) 2. Participants will earn additional escalating rewards for each negative sample- $7 for Week 6, $12 for Week 8, $17 for Week 10, and $22 for Week 12 (2 months after the target quit date). The bonus starts at $7 and increase by $5 for each subsequent negative cotinine sample (i.e., $7, $12, $17, and $22).
3\. A reset contingency will be used. That is the reward amount will be returned back to original $7 if there is a missing or positive saliva cotinine sample
|
Combined
n=10 Participants
Participants will receive media literacy e-learning lessons, financial incentive, and an evidence-based text-messaging support program.
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Biochemically Verified Vaping Abstinence
Negative
|
4 Participants
|
5 Participants
|
5 Participants
|
3 Participants
|
|
Biochemically Verified Vaping Abstinence
Missing
|
3 Participants
|
6 Participants
|
5 Participants
|
5 Participants
|
|
Biochemically Verified Vaping Abstinence
Postive
|
2 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
0 Participants
|
2 Participants
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: 3 monthsSelf-reported vaping abstinence will be assessed by the question "In the past 30 days, did you vape at all, even a puff of someone else?" at the end-of-study visit.
Outcome measures
| Measure |
Active Control
n=9 Participants
Participants in this arm will receive an evidence-based text-messaging support.
Text-massaging suport: Text-messaging quitting support program (i.e., This is Quitting) is an evidence-based, free mobile program from Truth Initiative designed to help young people quit vaping. The program is fully automated and interactive. To establish or reinforce perceived social norms and social support around quitting, a majority of messages come from other users who have submitted them to the program.
|
Media Literacy
n=11 Participants
Participants will receive media literacy e-learning lessons and an evidence-based text-messaging support.
Text-massaging suport: Text-messaging quitting support program (i.e., This is Quitting) is an evidence-based, free mobile program from Truth Initiative designed to help young people quit vaping. The program is fully automated and interactive. To establish or reinforce perceived social norms and social support around quitting, a majority of messages come from other users who have submitted them to the program.
Media literacy: Media literacy e-learning lessons cover topics regarding what e-cigarettes are and how they work, how nicotine and nicotine addiction affects the brain and behavior, how to prepare to quit vaping, developing a quit plan and how to deal with cravings and relapse. The program focuses on changing knowledge, attitudes and beliefs related to e-cigarette use, as well as emphasizing vaping related media literacy.
|
Financial Incentive
n=10 Participants
Participants will receive financial incentive intervention and an evidence-based text-messaging support.
Text-massaging suport: Text-messaging quitting support program (i.e., This is Quitting) is an evidence-based, free mobile program from Truth Initiative designed to help young people quit vaping. The program is fully automated and interactive. To establish or reinforce perceived social norms and social support around quitting, a majority of messages come from other users who have submitted them to the program.
Financial incentive: 1. Participants will earn $3 for each saliva cotinine sample submission regardless of positive or negative results after the quit day (an assessments at Week 6, Week 8, Week 10, and Week 12, during the abstinence phase) 2. Participants will earn additional escalating rewards for each negative sample- $7 for Week 6, $12 for Week 8, $17 for Week 10, and $22 for Week 12 (2 months after the target quit date). The bonus starts at $7 and increase by $5 for each subsequent negative cotinine sample (i.e., $7, $12, $17, and $22).
3\. A reset contingency will be used. That is the reward amount will be returned back to original $7 if there is a missing or positive saliva cotinine sample
|
Combined
n=10 Participants
Participants will receive media literacy e-learning lessons, financial incentive, and an evidence-based text-messaging support program.
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Self-reported Vaping Abstinence
Positive
|
2 Participants
|
3 Participants
|
1 Participants
|
2 Participants
|
|
Self-reported Vaping Abstinence
Negative
|
4 Participants
|
2 Participants
|
4 Participants
|
3 Participants
|
|
Self-reported Vaping Abstinence
Missing
|
3 Participants
|
6 Participants
|
5 Participants
|
5 Participants
|
Adverse Events
Active Control
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
Media Literacy
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
Financial Incentive
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
Combined
Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths
Serious adverse events
Adverse event data not reported
Other adverse events
Adverse event data not reported
Additional Information
Results disclosure agreements
- Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
- Publication restrictions are in place