Hypofraction Radiotherapy for Limited-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer

NCT ID: NCT05523908

Last Updated: 2024-08-21

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: COMPLETED
• Clinical Phase: NA
• Total Enrollment: 40 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2022-02-01
• Study Completion Date: 2024-08-01

Brief Summary

Concurrent chemoradiotherapy is the standard modality for locally advanced small-cell lung cancer, which could achieve median overall survival of 25 mos. Conventional fractionation of 66Gy/33f and hyperfractionation of 45Gy/30f twice daily have been acknowledged as the two standard radiotherapy modalities according to CONVERT study. In 2021, a phase II trial demonstrated that 60Gy/40f twice daily was superior to the standard 45Gy/30f twice daily in light of overall survival (2y OS 74.2% vs. 39% p=0.0005), which to some extent implied that higher dose may confer better survival. Hypofractionated radiotherapy was another useful modality to increase biological effective dose with the advantage of short course and convenience. The effectiveness and safety of 60Gy/15f has been demonstrated in the treatment of locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Therefore, this trial is designed to explore the safety and primary efficacy of hypofraction radiotherapy for stage III locally advanced small cell lung cancer.

Detailed Description

Trial Design: To enroll 36 patients diagnosed with limited stage small cell lung cancer to receive hypofraction radiotherapy (18 patients receiving high dose of 60Gy/15f and 18 patients receiving low dose of 48Gy/12f).

Primary Endpoint: Rate of radiation-induced penumonitis, esophagitis, myelosuppression (CTCAE V4.0).

Secondary Endpoint: 1-year local-regional control rate, 1-year progression-free survival rate, 1-year overall survival rate (RECIST v1.1).

Randomization: Patients would be randomly assigned to high dose group and low dose group using random number table method.

Radiotherapy CT simulation: 4-Dimensional CT (4D-CT) with intravenous contrast is recommended for simulation. Scan thickness should be less than 5 mm. Thermal mask or vacuum bag is recommended.

Target Delineation: Considering hypofraction and involved field irradiation (IFI), only Internal Tumor Volume (ITV) should be delineated without the need to delineate Clinical Tumor Volume (CTV).

Delineation of ITV: ITV should include pulmonary gross tumor and metastaticmediastinal lymph nodes. PET-CT registration with simulation CT is recommended for patients with obstructive atelectasis. For patients with suspected mediastinal lymph nodes, Endobronchial Ultrasound-guided Transbronchial Needle Aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) is recommended.

Production of Planning Tumor Volume (PTV): Low Dose Hypofraction Arm (48Gy/12f) PTV: PTV is produced by a margin of 5 mm added to ITV. Modification of PTV is suggested to respect anatomic boundary.

High Dose Hypofraction Arm (60Gy/15f) PTV: Planning Tumor Volume (PTV) is produced by a margin of 5 mm added to ITV. Modification of PTV is suggested to respect anatomic boundary. For patients with ITV abutting esophagus, the technique of Esophagus-Sparing Simultaneous Integrated Boost (ES-SIB) should be utilized. PTV should be modified not to cover esophagus to ensure that the maximum dose to esophagus should be ≤ 45Gy.

The dose to PTV in adjacent to esophagus could be compromised (D99% of PTV should be ≥ 51Gy).

Dosimetric Limitation: 95% prescription dose should cover 100% PTV and 95% PTV should receive 100% prescription dose. Total Lung: V20<25%, Dmean<13Gy, V5<50%. Spinal Cord: Dmax<40Gy. Heart: V30<40%, Dmean<25Gy.

Treatment Implementation: Radiotherapy is implemented every day. Cone-beam CT should utilized every day to minimize set-up error.

Concurrent Chemotherapy: Chemotherapy etoposide with cisplatin for 4-6 cycles was recommended.

Prophylactic Cranial Irradiation (PCI): Patients evaluated as partial response or complete response after chemoradiotherapy were recommended to receive hippocampus-sparing prophylactic cranial irradiation.

Follow-up: Patients should be follow-up every three months right after the completion of prophylactic cranial irradiation to 3 years after that. Then follow-up every half year is allowed to 5 years. After 5 years, follow-up every year is appropriate. In follow-up, chest CT and abdominal ultrasonography should be implemented. Cranial MRI should be performed every half year. Bone scan should be undertaken every year for all patients.

Conditions

Safety Issues; Efficacy, Self

Study Design

• Allocation Method: RANDOMIZED
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Primary Study Purpose: TREATMENT
• Blinding Strategy: NONE

Study Groups

High-dose hypofraction Arm

Patients in this arm (High-dose hypofraction Arm) would receive high-dose fractionated radiotherapy with 60Gy/15f.

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

High-dose hypofraction Arm

Intervention Type: RADIATION

Patients in this arm would receive high-dose fractionated radiotherapy with 60Gy/15f

Low-dose hypofraction Arm (Standard BED)

Patients in this arm (Low-dose hypofraction Arm) would receive high-dose fractionated radiotherapy with 48Gy/12f.

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

Low-dose hypofraction Arm (Standard BED)

Intervention Type: RADIATION

Patients in this arm would receive low-dose fractionated radiotherapy with 48Gy/12f

Interventions

High-dose hypofraction Arm

Patients in this arm would receive high-dose fractionated radiotherapy with 60Gy/15f

Intervention Type: RADIATION

Low-dose hypofraction Arm (Standard BED)

Patients in this arm would receive low-dose fractionated radiotherapy with 48Gy/12f

Intervention Type: RADIATION

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• 18-75 years old;
• ECOG 0-1;
• Small cell lung cancer;
• Limited stage confirmed by cranial MRI, chest CT, abdominal ultrasonagraph, bone scan or cranial MRI and PET-CT;
• Signature of inform consent.

Exclusion Criteria

• Younger than 18 years old or older than 75 years old;
• ECOG>1;
• Non-small cell lung cancer and other neuroendocrine carcinoma including typical or atypical carcinoid, large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma;
• Extensive stage confirmed by cranial MRI, chest CT, abdominal ultrasonagraph, bone scan or cranial MRI and PET-CT;
• No signature of inform consent.

• Minimum Eligible Age: 18 Years
• Maximum Eligible Age: 70 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Sponsors

Anhui Provincial Hospital

OTHER_GOV

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Dong Qian

Professor

Responsibility Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

Dong P Qian, M.D.

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC

Locations

Anhui Provicial Hospital

Hefei, Anhui, China

Countries

China

References

Li XY, Yan B, Zhang JQ, Li Y, Xia DQ, Xie W, He Y, Wang JG, Ma J, Cao LJ, Qian D. Short-course hypofractionated radiotherapy of 4 Gy per fraction for limited-stage small cell lung cancer: a randomized pilot trial. Transl Lung Cancer Res. 2025 Aug 31;14(8):2996-3008. doi: 10.21037/tlcr-2025-281. Epub 2025 Aug 26.

Reference Type: DERIVED

PMID: 40948832 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

2022ky454

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id