Trial Outcomes & Findings for Testing Preliminary Effectiveness of a Training to Support CHWs Outreach on Dental to African American Caregivers (NCT NCT05511935)

NCT ID: NCT05511935

Last Updated: 2024-11-07

Results Overview

We asked participants 12 multiple choice knowledge questions related to oral health which we averaged to create a composite knowledge score for each participant ranging from 0 to 100. A score of 0 meant a participant got zero questions correct while a score of 100 meant a participant got all questions correct. We averaged these composite scores across all participants for both groups to create mean scores ranging from 0 to 100, the higher the score the more questions participants answered correctly.

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

Target enrollment

143 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

Baseline

Results posted on

2024-11-07

Participant Flow

Recruited participants from AHECS in MD, PA, TX, and the National Association of Community Health Workers.

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure	Exposed to GRIN Training participates in the intervention professional development training for CHWs on dental health (GRIN): multi module online training	Control/Unexposed no intervention
Overall Study STARTED	71	72
Overall Study COMPLETED	62	45
Overall Study NOT COMPLETED	9	27

Reasons for withdrawal

Reasons for withdrawal
Measure	Exposed to GRIN Training participates in the intervention professional development training for CHWs on dental health (GRIN): multi module online training	Control/Unexposed no intervention
Overall Study Lost to Follow-up	9	27

Baseline Characteristics

Two control participants left this answer blank.

Baseline characteristics by cohort

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Exposed to GRIN Training n=62 Participants participates in the intervention professional development training for CHWs on dental health (GRIN): multi module online training	Control/Unexposed n=45 Participants no intervention
Knowledge Pretest Score	64.92 score on a scale Standard Deviation 20.03	66.67 score on a scale Standard Deviation 17.04

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline

Population: 11 treatment and 3 control participants did not answer all of the individual outcome questions and thus did not have composite scores included in the final average scores.

We asked all participants seven Likert-type scale questions about attitudes towards conducting oral health outreach. Each answer choice rating ranged from 1 to 10, with higher ratings representing higher perceptions of oral health outreach importance. We averaged ratings from each question to create an average composite rating for each participant ranging from 0 to 10, with 0 being the lowest score and 10 being the highest. Higher score means better outcome. Then, we averaged these composite scores for each group.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Exposed to GRIN Training n=51 Participants participates in the intervention professional development training for CHWs on dental health (GRIN): multi module online training	Control/Unexposed n=42 Participants no intervention
Attitudes Pretest Score	8.46 score on a scale Standard Deviation 0.88	8.60 score on a scale Standard Deviation 0.85

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline

Population: 11 treatment and 2 control participants did not answer all of the individual outcome questions and thus did not have composite scores included in the final average scores.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Exposed to GRIN Training n=51 Participants participates in the intervention professional development training for CHWs on dental health (GRIN): multi module online training	Control/Unexposed n=43 Participants no intervention
Self-efficacy Pretest Score	8.16 score on a scale Standard Deviation 1.90	7.93 score on a scale Standard Deviation 2.22

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline

Population: 10 treatment and 8 control participants did not answer all of the individual outcome questions and thus did not have composite scores included in the final average scores.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Exposed to GRIN Training n=52 Participants participates in the intervention professional development training for CHWs on dental health (GRIN): multi module online training	Control/Unexposed n=37 Participants no intervention
Intentions Pretest Score	7.39 score on a scale Standard Deviation 2.32	7.23 score on a scale Standard Deviation 2.89

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Posttest (2 weeks after baseline)

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Exposed to GRIN Training n=62 Participants participates in the intervention professional development training for CHWs on dental health (GRIN): multi module online training	Control/Unexposed n=45 Participants no intervention
Knowledge Posttest Score	79.44 score on a scale Standard Deviation 13.97	67.22 score on a scale Standard Deviation 15.83

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Posttest (2 weeks after baseline)

Population: 16 treatment and 6 control participants did not answer all of the individual outcome questions and thus did not have composite scores included in the final average scores.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Exposed to GRIN Training n=46 Participants participates in the intervention professional development training for CHWs on dental health (GRIN): multi module online training	Control/Unexposed n=39 Participants no intervention
Attitudes Posttest Score	8.45 score on a scale Standard Deviation 0.99	8.62 score on a scale Standard Deviation 0.67

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Posttest (2 weeks after baseline)

Population: 3 treatment and 5 control participants did not answer all of the individual outcome questions and thus did not have composite scores included in the final average scores.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Exposed to GRIN Training n=59 Participants participates in the intervention professional development training for CHWs on dental health (GRIN): multi module online training	Control/Unexposed n=40 Participants no intervention
Self-efficacy Posttest Score	9.36 score on a scale Standard Deviation 1.08	8.48 score on a scale Standard Deviation 1.75

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Posttest (2 weeks after baseline)

Population: 6 treatment and 5 control participants did not answer all of the individual outcome questions and thus did not have composite scores included in the final average scores.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Exposed to GRIN Training n=56 Participants participates in the intervention professional development training for CHWs on dental health (GRIN): multi module online training	Control/Unexposed n=40 Participants no intervention
Intentions Posttest Score	8.38 score on a scale Standard Deviation 1.77	8.10 score on a scale Standard Deviation 2.20

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline (2 weeks after baseline)

Population: 28 treatment participants did not answer all of the individual satisfaction outcome questions and thus did not have composite scores included in the final average score.

We asked only the intervention group participants five Likert-type scale questions related to their satisfaction with the GRIN intervention. Each rating ranged from 1 to 5, with higher scores representing higher satisfaction with the GRIN intervention. We averaged ratings from each question to create an average composite rating for each intervention participant, then averaged these scores across the intervention group. Scores ranged from 1 to 5, with higher scores meaning better satisfaction/outcome.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Exposed to GRIN Training n=34 Participants participates in the intervention professional development training for CHWs on dental health (GRIN): multi module online training	Control/Unexposed no intervention
Satisfaction at Posttest Score	4.49 score on a scale Standard Deviation 0.46	—

POST_HOC outcome

Timeframe: From baseline to posttest (2 weeks)

Population: Lower numbers were analyzed for both groups in the regression analyses due to missing data in the control variables.

At both pretest and posttest, we asked all participants the same 12 multiple choice knowledge questions related to oral health, which we averaged to create a composite knowledge score for each participant ranging from 0 to 100. A score of 0 meant a participant got zero questions correct while a score of 100 meant a participant got all questions correct. We averaged these composite scores across all participants for both groups to create mean scores. We then subtracted pretest scores from posttest scores and averaged these changes for all participants as the dependent variable in multiple regression. Higher scores mean higher gains from baseline to posttest. We used group assignment (intervention or treatment) as the main independent variable while controlling for participant baseline characteristics and demographics.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Exposed to GRIN Training n=31 Participants participates in the intervention professional development training for CHWs on dental health (GRIN): multi module online training	Control/Unexposed n=36 Participants no intervention
Change in Knowledge Scores From Pretest to Posttest	14.52 score on a scale Standard Deviation 17.98	0.56 score on a scale Standard Deviation 13.22

POST_HOC outcome

Timeframe: From baseline to posttest (2 weeks)

Population: Lower numbers were analyzed for both groups in the regression analyses due to missing data in the control variables.

We asked all participants seven Likert-type scale questions about attitudes towards conducting oral health outreach. Each rating ranged from 1 to 10, with higher ratings representing higher perceptions of oral health outreach importance. We averaged ratings from each question to create an average composite rating for each participant, then averaged these composite scores for both groups. We then subtracted pretest scores from posttest scores and averaged these changes for all participants as the dependent variable in multiple regression. Higher scores mean higher gains from baseline to posttest. We used group assignment (intervention or treatment) as the main independent variable while controlling for participant baseline characteristics and demographics.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Exposed to GRIN Training n=23 Participants participates in the intervention professional development training for CHWs on dental health (GRIN): multi module online training	Control/Unexposed n=29 Participants no intervention
Change in Attitude Scores From Pretest to Posttest	-0.07 score on a scale Standard Deviation 1.27	0.05 score on a scale Standard Deviation 0.86

POST_HOC outcome

Timeframe: From baseline to posttest (2 weeks)

Population: Lower numbers were analyzed for both groups in the regression analyses due to missing data in the control variables.

We asked all participants 10 Likert-type scale questions related to perceived self-efficacy with conducting oral health outreach. Each rating ranged from 1 to 10, with higher ratings representing higher perceptions of confidence in providing oral health outreach. We averaged ratings from each question to create an average composite rating for each participant, then averaged these composite scores for both groups. We then subtracted pretest scores from posttest scores and averaged these changes for all participants as the dependent variable in multiple regression. Higher scores mean higher gains from baseline to posttest. We used group assignment (intervention or treatment) as the main independent variable while controlling for participant baseline characteristics and demographics.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Exposed to GRIN Training n=26 Participants participates in the intervention professional development training for CHWs on dental health (GRIN): multi module online training	Control/Unexposed n=29 Participants no intervention
Change in Self-efficacy Scores From Pretest to Posttest	1.14 score on a scale Standard Deviation 0.24	0.46 score on a scale Standard Deviation 1.00

POST_HOC outcome

Timeframe: From baseline to posttest (2 weeks)

Population: Lower numbers were analyzed for both groups in the regression analyses due to missing data in the control variables.

We asked all participants five Likert-type scale questions related to their intentions to conduct oral health outreach. Each rating ranged from 1 to 10, with higher ratings representing higher perceived likelihood of providing oral health outreach in the future. We averaged ratings from each question to create an average composite rating for each participant, then averaged these composite scores for both groups. We then subtracted pretest scores from posttest scores and averaged these changes for all participants as the dependent variable in multiple regression. Higher scores mean higher gains from baseline to posttest. We used group assignment (intervention or treatment) as the main independent variable while controlling for participant baseline characteristics and demographics.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Exposed to GRIN Training n=28 Participants participates in the intervention professional development training for CHWs on dental health (GRIN): multi module online training	Control/Unexposed n=27 Participants no intervention
Change in Intentions Scores From Pretest to Posttest	0.68 score on a scale Standard Deviation 2.29	1.13 score on a scale Standard Deviation 2.09

Adverse Events

Exposed to GRIN Training

Serious events: 0 serious events

Other events: 0 other events

Deaths: 0 deaths

Control/Unexposed

Serious events: 0 serious events

Other events: 0 other events

Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Other adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Additional Information

President

KDH Research & Communication Inc.

Phone: 4043958711

Email: [email protected]

Results disclosure agreements

Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
Publication restrictions are in place

Measure	Exposed to GRIN Training n=62 Participants participates in the intervention professional development training for CHWs on dental health (GRIN): multi module online training	Control/Unexposed n=45 Participants no intervention	Total n=107 Participants Total of all reporting groups
Age, Categorical <=18 years	0 Participants n=62 Participants • Two control participants left this answer blank.	0 Participants n=43 Participants • Two control participants left this answer blank.	0 Participants n=105 Participants • Two control participants left this answer blank.
Age, Categorical Between 18 and 65 years	61 Participants n=62 Participants • Two control participants left this answer blank.	43 Participants n=43 Participants • Two control participants left this answer blank.	104 Participants n=105 Participants • Two control participants left this answer blank.
Age, Categorical >=65 years	1 Participants n=62 Participants • Two control participants left this answer blank.	0 Participants n=43 Participants • Two control participants left this answer blank.	1 Participants n=105 Participants • Two control participants left this answer blank.
Sex: Female, Male Female	57 Participants n=61 Participants • One treatment and two control participants left this question blank.	35 Participants n=43 Participants • One treatment and two control participants left this question blank.	92 Participants n=104 Participants • One treatment and two control participants left this question blank.
Sex: Female, Male Male	4 Participants n=61 Participants • One treatment and two control participants left this question blank.	8 Participants n=43 Participants • One treatment and two control participants left this question blank.	12 Participants n=104 Participants • One treatment and two control participants left this question blank.
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Hispanic or Latino	11 Participants n=60 Participants • Two treatment and three control group participants left this question blank.	16 Participants n=42 Participants • Two treatment and three control group participants left this question blank.	27 Participants n=102 Participants • Two treatment and three control group participants left this question blank.
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Not Hispanic or Latino	48 Participants n=60 Participants • Two treatment and three control group participants left this question blank.	26 Participants n=42 Participants • Two treatment and three control group participants left this question blank.	74 Participants n=102 Participants • Two treatment and three control group participants left this question blank.
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported	1 Participants n=60 Participants • Two treatment and three control group participants left this question blank.	0 Participants n=42 Participants • Two treatment and three control group participants left this question blank.	1 Participants n=102 Participants • Two treatment and three control group participants left this question blank.
Race (NIH/OMB) American Indian or Alaska Native	0 Participants n=39 Participants • 23 treatment and 2 control left this question blank.	2 Participants n=43 Participants • 23 treatment and 2 control left this question blank.	2 Participants n=82 Participants • 23 treatment and 2 control left this question blank.
Race (NIH/OMB) Asian	0 Participants n=39 Participants • 23 treatment and 2 control left this question blank.	1 Participants n=43 Participants • 23 treatment and 2 control left this question blank.	1 Participants n=82 Participants • 23 treatment and 2 control left this question blank.
Race (NIH/OMB) Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander	1 Participants n=39 Participants • 23 treatment and 2 control left this question blank.	0 Participants n=43 Participants • 23 treatment and 2 control left this question blank.	1 Participants n=82 Participants • 23 treatment and 2 control left this question blank.
Race (NIH/OMB) Black or African American	19 Participants n=39 Participants • 23 treatment and 2 control left this question blank.	16 Participants n=43 Participants • 23 treatment and 2 control left this question blank.	35 Participants n=82 Participants • 23 treatment and 2 control left this question blank.
Race (NIH/OMB) White	15 Participants n=39 Participants • 23 treatment and 2 control left this question blank.	14 Participants n=43 Participants • 23 treatment and 2 control left this question blank.	29 Participants n=82 Participants • 23 treatment and 2 control left this question blank.
Race (NIH/OMB) More than one race	1 Participants n=39 Participants • 23 treatment and 2 control left this question blank.	7 Participants n=43 Participants • 23 treatment and 2 control left this question blank.	8 Participants n=82 Participants • 23 treatment and 2 control left this question blank.
Race (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported	3 Participants n=39 Participants • 23 treatment and 2 control left this question blank.	3 Participants n=43 Participants • 23 treatment and 2 control left this question blank.	6 Participants n=82 Participants • 23 treatment and 2 control left this question blank.
Highest education level completed Highschool diploma/GED	1 Participants n=62 Participants • 2 control participants left this question blank	5 Participants n=43 Participants • 2 control participants left this question blank	6 Participants n=105 Participants • 2 control participants left this question blank
Highest education level completed Some college	20 Participants n=62 Participants • 2 control participants left this question blank	9 Participants n=43 Participants • 2 control participants left this question blank	29 Participants n=105 Participants • 2 control participants left this question blank
Highest education level completed College degree	33 Participants n=62 Participants • 2 control participants left this question blank	22 Participants n=43 Participants • 2 control participants left this question blank	55 Participants n=105 Participants • 2 control participants left this question blank
Highest education level completed Master's degree	5 Participants n=62 Participants • 2 control participants left this question blank	5 Participants n=43 Participants • 2 control participants left this question blank	10 Participants n=105 Participants • 2 control participants left this question blank
Highest education level completed Professional degree	3 Participants n=62 Participants • 2 control participants left this question blank	2 Participants n=43 Participants • 2 control participants left this question blank	5 Participants n=105 Participants • 2 control participants left this question blank
Length of time serving as a community health worker Less than 6 months	6 Participants n=60 Participants • Two participants from each group left this question blank.	5 Participants n=43 Participants • Two participants from each group left this question blank.	11 Participants n=103 Participants • Two participants from each group left this question blank.
Length of time serving as a community health worker 6 to 11 months	7 Participants n=60 Participants • Two participants from each group left this question blank.	7 Participants n=43 Participants • Two participants from each group left this question blank.	14 Participants n=103 Participants • Two participants from each group left this question blank.
Length of time serving as a community health worker 1 to 2 years	18 Participants n=60 Participants • Two participants from each group left this question blank.	13 Participants n=43 Participants • Two participants from each group left this question blank.	31 Participants n=103 Participants • Two participants from each group left this question blank.
Length of time serving as a community health worker 3 to 4 years	9 Participants n=60 Participants • Two participants from each group left this question blank.	12 Participants n=43 Participants • Two participants from each group left this question blank.	21 Participants n=103 Participants • Two participants from each group left this question blank.
Length of time serving as a community health worker 5 or more years	20 Participants n=60 Participants • Two participants from each group left this question blank.	6 Participants n=43 Participants • Two participants from each group left this question blank.	26 Participants n=103 Participants • Two participants from each group left this question blank.
Paid or volunteer CHW position Paid	55 Participants n=61 Participants • One treatment and two control participants left this question blank.	33 Participants n=43 Participants • One treatment and two control participants left this question blank.	88 Participants n=104 Participants • One treatment and two control participants left this question blank.
Paid or volunteer CHW position Volunteer	2 Participants n=61 Participants • One treatment and two control participants left this question blank.	3 Participants n=43 Participants • One treatment and two control participants left this question blank.	5 Participants n=104 Participants • One treatment and two control participants left this question blank.
Paid or volunteer CHW position Both paid and volunteer	4 Participants n=61 Participants • One treatment and two control participants left this question blank.	7 Participants n=43 Participants • One treatment and two control participants left this question blank.	11 Participants n=104 Participants • One treatment and two control participants left this question blank.
Number of hours of community health worker training None	2 Participants n=61 Participants • One treatment and three control participants left this question blank.	0 Participants n=42 Participants • One treatment and three control participants left this question blank.	2 Participants n=103 Participants • One treatment and three control participants left this question blank.
Number of hours of community health worker training 1 to 5 hours	3 Participants n=61 Participants • One treatment and three control participants left this question blank.	0 Participants n=42 Participants • One treatment and three control participants left this question blank.	3 Participants n=103 Participants • One treatment and three control participants left this question blank.
Number of hours of community health worker training 6 to 10 hours	2 Participants n=61 Participants • One treatment and three control participants left this question blank.	1 Participants n=42 Participants • One treatment and three control participants left this question blank.	3 Participants n=103 Participants • One treatment and three control participants left this question blank.
Number of hours of community health worker training 11 to 15 hours	4 Participants n=61 Participants • One treatment and three control participants left this question blank.	1 Participants n=42 Participants • One treatment and three control participants left this question blank.	5 Participants n=103 Participants • One treatment and three control participants left this question blank.
Number of hours of community health worker training 16+ hours	50 Participants n=61 Participants • One treatment and three control participants left this question blank.	40 Participants n=42 Participants • One treatment and three control participants left this question blank.	90 Participants n=103 Participants • One treatment and three control participants left this question blank.
Previously received training about oral health for children/adolescents Yes	15 Participants n=61 Participants • One treatment and two control participants left this question blank.	13 Participants n=43 Participants • One treatment and two control participants left this question blank.	28 Participants n=104 Participants • One treatment and two control participants left this question blank.
Previously received training about oral health for children/adolescents No	43 Participants n=61 Participants • One treatment and two control participants left this question blank.	28 Participants n=43 Participants • One treatment and two control participants left this question blank.	71 Participants n=104 Participants • One treatment and two control participants left this question blank.
Previously received training about oral health for children/adolescents Don't know	3 Participants n=61 Participants • One treatment and two control participants left this question blank.	2 Participants n=43 Participants • One treatment and two control participants left this question blank.	5 Participants n=104 Participants • One treatment and two control participants left this question blank.