Low Back Pain Intensity and Core Muscle Strength After Different Delivery Modes

NCT ID: NCT05493891

Last Updated: 2025-10-02

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Total Enrollment

36 participants

Study Classification

OBSERVATIONAL

Study Start Date

2021-06-28

Study Completion Date

2023-08-05

Brief Summary

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Cesarean delivery (CD) may trigger an increase in low back pain (LBP) intensity and induce core muscle weakness. This study will assess the correlation between low back pain intensity and core muscle strength of transverse abdominis and Lumbar multifidus among women who underwent CD and compare it with those who experienced vaginal delivery.

Detailed Description

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Cesarean delivery (CD) is one of the most common surgical procedures in obstetrics, and it is also one of the oldest medical procedures. The rise in the rate of cesarean sections is one of the most striking hallmarks of modern obstetrics.

In Egypt, the prevalence of CD has increased dramatically over the last decade, with the most recent Egypt Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS) reporting a rate of 52 percent, implying that cesarean sections may be overused or utilized for improper reasons.

The two deep local core muscles are the transversus abdominis and the lumbar multifidus muscles. The definition of Core muscle strength is the active ability of these muscles to not only produce but also, maintain stresses to provide stability for the spine through management of the intra-abdominal pressure.

LBP prevalence in mothers undergoing cesarean delivery was higher compared to its counterpart in mothers undergoing vaginal delivery. The related mechanisms for LBP during the postpartum period following cesarean or vaginal deliveries may be overweight and obesity, postural adaptations, and stressful positions that mothers assume during either delivery or lactation.

Conditions

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Low Back Pain and Core Muscle

Study Design

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Observational Model Type

OTHER

Study Time Perspective

CROSS_SECTIONAL

Study Groups

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Group A

18 participants have been exposed to cesarean delivery

Visual analogue scale (VAS)

Intervention Type OTHER

VAS is a reliable and valid method for assessing the intensity of low back pain (LBP)

Pressure Biofeedback Unit (PBU)

Intervention Type DEVICE

PBU is a valid and reliable instrument for measuring the maximal voluntary isometric contraction of both lumbar multifidus and transversus abdominis muscles (core muscle strength)

Group B

18 participants have been exposed to vaginal delivery

Visual analogue scale (VAS)

Intervention Type OTHER

VAS is a reliable and valid method for assessing the intensity of low back pain (LBP)

Pressure Biofeedback Unit (PBU)

Intervention Type DEVICE

PBU is a valid and reliable instrument for measuring the maximal voluntary isometric contraction of both lumbar multifidus and transversus abdominis muscles (core muscle strength)

Interventions

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Visual analogue scale (VAS)

VAS is a reliable and valid method for assessing the intensity of low back pain (LBP)

Intervention Type OTHER

Pressure Biofeedback Unit (PBU)

PBU is a valid and reliable instrument for measuring the maximal voluntary isometric contraction of both lumbar multifidus and transversus abdominis muscles (core muscle strength)

Intervention Type DEVICE

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

1. All women are either primiparous or multiparous.
2. Their ages ranged from 18 to 35 years.
3. All participants had a body mass index (BMI) of not more than 29.5, and a waist-to-hip ratio of not more than 1.
4. Participants were assessed between the 6th week to the 12th week postnatal.
5. All participants were able to continue all assessment procedures.
6. They were medically stable.

Exclusion Criteria

1. Women who were below 18 years old or above 35 years old.
2. Women who had a (BMI) above 29.5 or a waist-to-hip ratio above 1.
3. Women who did not continue all assessment procedures.
4. Women who had a past history of specific LBP as those who were diagnosed with spondylolisthesis, lumbar disc prolapse, or structural scoliosis.
Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

35 Years

Eligible Sex

FEMALE

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sponsors

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South Valley University

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Mohamed Gamal Abouelyazeed Ali

Lecturer of Physical Therapy for Women's Health

Responsibility Role PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Locations

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Faculty of physical therapy, South Valley University

Qina, Qena Governorate, Egypt

Site Status

Countries

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Egypt

References

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Barber EL, Lundsberg LS, Belanger K, Pettker CM, Funai EF, Illuzzi JL. Indications contributing to the increasing cesarean delivery rate. Obstet Gynecol. 2011 Jul;118(1):29-38. doi: 10.1097/AOG.0b013e31821e5f65.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 21646928 (View on PubMed)

Abdel-Tawab N, Oraby D, Hassanein N, and El-Nakib S. Cesarean Section Deliveries in EGYPT: Trends, Practices, Perceptions and Cost, Cairo: Population Council. 2018.

Reference Type BACKGROUND

Mhyre JM, Sultan P. General Anesthesia for Cesarean Delivery: Occasionally Essential but Best Avoided. Anesthesiology. 2019 Jun;130(6):864-866. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000002708. No abstract available.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 30985305 (View on PubMed)

Ring L, Landau R, Delgado C. The Current Role of General Anesthesia for Cesarean Delivery. Curr Anesthesiol Rep. 2021;11(1):18-27. doi: 10.1007/s40140-021-00437-6. Epub 2021 Feb 24.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 33642943 (View on PubMed)

Traynor AJ, Aragon M, Ghosh D, Choi RS, Dingmann C, Vu Tran Z, Bucklin BA. Obstetric Anesthesia Workforce Survey: A 30-Year Update. Anesth Analg. 2016 Jun;122(6):1939-46. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000001204.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 27088993 (View on PubMed)

Malatova R, Rokytova J, Stumbauer J. The use of muscle dynamometer for correction of muscle imbalances in the area of deep stabilising spine system. Proc Inst Mech Eng H. 2013 Aug;227(8):896-903. doi: 10.1177/0954411913486078. Epub 2013 May 1.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 23636767 (View on PubMed)

Faries MD, Greenwood M. Core training: stabilizing the confusion. Strength and conditioning journal. 2007 Apr 1;29(2):10.

Reference Type BACKGROUND

Parikh S, Suchi J. Prevalence of low back pain and its impact on quality of life in post-partum women. International Journal of Scientific Research. 2016; 7:14342-8.

Reference Type BACKGROUND

MacArthur C, Lewis M, Knox EG, Crawford JS. Epidural anaesthesia and long term backache after childbirth. BMJ. 1990 Jul 7;301(6742):9-12. doi: 10.1136/bmj.301.6742.9.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 2143425 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

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Core muscle strength

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

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