Trial Outcomes & Findings for Survey of Correction Officers Before and After a Targeted Education Campaign (NCT NCT05451225)

Last Updated: 2022-10-25

Results Overview

Survey-based scores on knowledge/skills at baseline. To measure behavioral capability (knowledge/skills), the investigators used the Correction Officers' Behavioral Capability Scale, which has a minimum value of 0 and maximum value of 10. Higher scores mean better knowledge about psychosis and therefore a better outcome.

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

Target enrollment

451 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

Baseline

Results posted on

2022-10-25

Participant Flow

Recruitment of the study sample took place in 3 jails on Rikers Island in New York City (NYC): Anna M. Kross Center (AMKC), Rose M. Singer Center (RMSC), and the Robert N. Davoren Complex (RNDC).

Correction officers (COs) were recruited at each of the 3 time points, baseline, 6 months and 12 months, but did not overlap (different COs at each time point) so the recruitment information will not report on a total # enrolled on a continuum (i.e., total number at the beginning, and then how many moved on to 6 months and to 12 months).

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure	Targeted Educational Campaign (TEC) for Correction Officers The investigators will implement a Targeted Educational Campaign (TEC) within 3 jails at New York City's Rikers Island. The TEC is designed to lead to referrals of detainees (previously not detected as having potential mental health concerns) to Correctional Health Services (CHS) by Correction Officers. Targeted Educational Campaign: Correction Officers will be exposed to the Targeted Educational Campaign (TEC) with the aim to increase their knowledge about the early symptoms of psychosis, and how to make a referral to the Correction Health Services staff, their self-efficacy to detect symptoms of psychosis and make referrals, and their expectations about their ability to be successful in making that referral (and for referrals to result in beneficial outcomes). Correction Officers will be approached and recruited during roll call and in the staff canteen where they take their meal breaks, or at a time/location agreed upon by the Department of Correction, to complete brief surveys at three different times; pre-exposure, after 6 months, and after 12 months from the beginning of the TEC.
Baseline STARTED	200
Baseline COMPLETED	200
Baseline NOT COMPLETED	0
6 Months STARTED	123
6 Months COMPLETED	123
6 Months NOT COMPLETED	0
12 Months STARTED	128
12 Months COMPLETED	128
12 Months NOT COMPLETED	0

Reasons for withdrawal

Withdrawal data not reported

Baseline Characteristics

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure	Targeted Educational Campaign (TEC) for Correction Officers n=451 Participants The investigators will implement a Targeted Educational Campaign (TEC) within 3 jails at New York City's Rikers Island. The TEC is designed to lead to referrals of detainees (previously not detected as having potential mental health concerns) to Correctional Health Services (CHS) by Correction Officers. Targeted Educational Campaign: Correction Officers will be exposed to the Targeted Educational Campaign (TEC) with the aim to increase their knowledge about the early symptoms of psychosis, and how to make a referral to the Correction Health Services staff, their self-efficacy to detect symptoms of psychosis and make referrals, and their expectations about their ability to be successful in making that referral (and for referrals to result in beneficial outcomes). Correction Officers will be approached and recruited during roll call and in the staff canteen where they take their meal breaks, or at a time/location agreed upon by the Department of Correction, to complete brief surveys at three different times; pre-exposure, after 6 months, and after 12 months from the beginning of the TEC.
Age, Customized COs Recruited at Baseline	34.2 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 8.0 • n=200 Participants • Correction officers (COs) were recruited at each of the 3 time points, baseline, 6 months and 12 months, but did not overlap (different COs at each time point) so the recruitment information will not report on a total # enrolled on a continuum (i.e., total number at the beginning, and then how many moved on to 6 months and to 12 months).
Age, Customized COs Recruited at 6 months	36.1 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 6.4 • n=123 Participants • Correction officers (COs) were recruited at each of the 3 time points, baseline, 6 months and 12 months, but did not overlap (different COs at each time point) so the recruitment information will not report on a total # enrolled on a continuum (i.e., total number at the beginning, and then how many moved on to 6 months and to 12 months).
Age, Customized COs Recruited at 12 months	35.0 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 7.4 • n=128 Participants • Correction officers (COs) were recruited at each of the 3 time points, baseline, 6 months and 12 months, but did not overlap (different COs at each time point) so the recruitment information will not report on a total # enrolled on a continuum (i.e., total number at the beginning, and then how many moved on to 6 months and to 12 months).
Sex: Female, Male Female	262 Participants n=451 Participants
Sex: Female, Male Male	189 Participants n=451 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Hispanic or Latino	185 Participants n=451 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Not Hispanic or Latino	266 Participants n=451 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported	0 Participants n=451 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) American Indian or Alaska Native	0 Participants n=451 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) Asian	22 Participants n=451 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander	0 Participants n=451 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) Black or African American	258 Participants n=451 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) White	46 Participants n=451 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) More than one race	0 Participants n=451 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported	125 Participants n=451 Participants
Educational Attainment 12th grade or less	19 Participants n=451 Participants
Educational Attainment Some college	114 Participants n=451 Participants
Educational Attainment Completed college	277 Participants n=451 Participants
Educational Attainment Graduate training after college	28 Participants n=451 Participants
Educational Attainment Unknown	13 Participants n=451 Participants
Location of Enrollment Jail A	193 Participants n=451 Participants
Location of Enrollment Jail B	176 Participants n=451 Participants
Location of Enrollment Jail C	82 Participants n=451 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline

Population: Only 200 Correction Officers (COs) completed this survey at baseline and therefore data exists for only 200 COs.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Targeted Educational Campaign (TEC) for Correction Officers n=200 Participants The investigators will implement a Targeted Educational Campaign (TEC) within 3 jails at New York City's Rikers Island. The TEC is designed to lead to referrals of detainees (previously not detected as having potential mental health concerns) to Correctional Health Services (CHS) by Correction Officers. Targeted Educational Campaign: Correction Officers will be exposed to the Targeted Educational Campaign (TEC) with the aim to increase their knowledge about the early symptoms of psychosis, and how to make a referral to the Correction Health Services staff, their self-efficacy to detect symptoms of psychosis and make referrals, and their expectations about their ability to be successful in making that referral (and for referrals to result in beneficial outcomes). Correction Officers will be approached and recruited during roll call and in the staff canteen where they take their meal breaks, or at a time/location agreed upon by the Department of Correction, to complete brief surveys at three different times; pre-exposure, after 6 months, and after 12 months from the beginning of the TEC.
Correction Officers' Knowledge at Baseline	6.3 units on a scale Standard Deviation 2.5

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 6 months

Population: Only 123 Correction Officers (COs) completed this survey at 6 months and therefore data exists for only 123 COs.

Survey-based scores on knowledge/skills at 6-months. To measure behavioral capability (knowledge/skills), the investigators used the Correction Officers' Behavioral Capability Scale, which has a minimum value of 0 and maximum value of 10. Higher scores mean better knowledge about psychosis and therefore a better outcome.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Targeted Educational Campaign (TEC) for Correction Officers n=123 Participants The investigators will implement a Targeted Educational Campaign (TEC) within 3 jails at New York City's Rikers Island. The TEC is designed to lead to referrals of detainees (previously not detected as having potential mental health concerns) to Correctional Health Services (CHS) by Correction Officers. Targeted Educational Campaign: Correction Officers will be exposed to the Targeted Educational Campaign (TEC) with the aim to increase their knowledge about the early symptoms of psychosis, and how to make a referral to the Correction Health Services staff, their self-efficacy to detect symptoms of psychosis and make referrals, and their expectations about their ability to be successful in making that referral (and for referrals to result in beneficial outcomes). Correction Officers will be approached and recruited during roll call and in the staff canteen where they take their meal breaks, or at a time/location agreed upon by the Department of Correction, to complete brief surveys at three different times; pre-exposure, after 6 months, and after 12 months from the beginning of the TEC.
Correction Officers' Knowledge at 6 Months	7.3 units on a scale Standard Deviation 2.4

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 12 months

Population: Only 128 Correction Officers (COs) completed this survey at 12 months and therefore data exists for only 128 COs.

Survey-based scores on knowledge/skills at 12-months. To measure behavioral capability (knowledge/skills), the investigators used the Correction Officers' Behavioral Capability Scale, which has a minimum value of 0 and maximum value of 10. Higher scores mean better knowledge about psychosis and therefore a better outcome.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Targeted Educational Campaign (TEC) for Correction Officers n=128 Participants The investigators will implement a Targeted Educational Campaign (TEC) within 3 jails at New York City's Rikers Island. The TEC is designed to lead to referrals of detainees (previously not detected as having potential mental health concerns) to Correctional Health Services (CHS) by Correction Officers. Targeted Educational Campaign: Correction Officers will be exposed to the Targeted Educational Campaign (TEC) with the aim to increase their knowledge about the early symptoms of psychosis, and how to make a referral to the Correction Health Services staff, their self-efficacy to detect symptoms of psychosis and make referrals, and their expectations about their ability to be successful in making that referral (and for referrals to result in beneficial outcomes). Correction Officers will be approached and recruited during roll call and in the staff canteen where they take their meal breaks, or at a time/location agreed upon by the Department of Correction, to complete brief surveys at three different times; pre-exposure, after 6 months, and after 12 months from the beginning of the TEC.
Correction Officers' Knowledge at 12 Months	5.3 units on a scale Standard Deviation 2.9

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline

Population: Only 200 Correction Officers (COs) completed this survey at baseline and therefore data exists for only 200 COs.

Survey-based scores on behavioral expectations at baseline. To measure expectation, the investigators used the Correction Officers' Expectations Scale, which has a minimum value of 8 and a maximum value of 32. Higher scores mean a better outcome.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Targeted Educational Campaign (TEC) for Correction Officers n=200 Participants The investigators will implement a Targeted Educational Campaign (TEC) within 3 jails at New York City's Rikers Island. The TEC is designed to lead to referrals of detainees (previously not detected as having potential mental health concerns) to Correctional Health Services (CHS) by Correction Officers. Targeted Educational Campaign: Correction Officers will be exposed to the Targeted Educational Campaign (TEC) with the aim to increase their knowledge about the early symptoms of psychosis, and how to make a referral to the Correction Health Services staff, their self-efficacy to detect symptoms of psychosis and make referrals, and their expectations about their ability to be successful in making that referral (and for referrals to result in beneficial outcomes). Correction Officers will be approached and recruited during roll call and in the staff canteen where they take their meal breaks, or at a time/location agreed upon by the Department of Correction, to complete brief surveys at three different times; pre-exposure, after 6 months, and after 12 months from the beginning of the TEC.
Correction Officers' Behavioral Expectations at Baseline	21.6 units on a scale Standard Deviation 3.1

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 6 months

Population: Only 123 Correction Officers (COs) completed this survey at 6 months and therefore data exists for only 123 COs.

Survey-based scores on behavioral expectations at 6-months To measure expectation, the investigators used the Correction Officers' Expectations Scale, which has a minimum value of 8 and a maximum value of 32. Higher scores mean a better outcome.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Targeted Educational Campaign (TEC) for Correction Officers n=123 Participants The investigators will implement a Targeted Educational Campaign (TEC) within 3 jails at New York City's Rikers Island. The TEC is designed to lead to referrals of detainees (previously not detected as having potential mental health concerns) to Correctional Health Services (CHS) by Correction Officers. Targeted Educational Campaign: Correction Officers will be exposed to the Targeted Educational Campaign (TEC) with the aim to increase their knowledge about the early symptoms of psychosis, and how to make a referral to the Correction Health Services staff, their self-efficacy to detect symptoms of psychosis and make referrals, and their expectations about their ability to be successful in making that referral (and for referrals to result in beneficial outcomes). Correction Officers will be approached and recruited during roll call and in the staff canteen where they take their meal breaks, or at a time/location agreed upon by the Department of Correction, to complete brief surveys at three different times; pre-exposure, after 6 months, and after 12 months from the beginning of the TEC.
Correction Officers' Behavioral Expectations at 6 Months	23.6 units on a scale Standard Deviation 3.7

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 12 months

Population: Only 128 Correction Officers (COs) completed this survey at 12 months and therefore data exists for only 128 COs.

Survey-based scores on behavioral expectations at 12 months. To measure expectation, the investigators used the Correction Officers' Expectations Scale, which has a minimum value of 8 and a maximum value of 32. Higher scores mean a better outcome.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Targeted Educational Campaign (TEC) for Correction Officers n=128 Participants The investigators will implement a Targeted Educational Campaign (TEC) within 3 jails at New York City's Rikers Island. The TEC is designed to lead to referrals of detainees (previously not detected as having potential mental health concerns) to Correctional Health Services (CHS) by Correction Officers. Targeted Educational Campaign: Correction Officers will be exposed to the Targeted Educational Campaign (TEC) with the aim to increase their knowledge about the early symptoms of psychosis, and how to make a referral to the Correction Health Services staff, their self-efficacy to detect symptoms of psychosis and make referrals, and their expectations about their ability to be successful in making that referral (and for referrals to result in beneficial outcomes). Correction Officers will be approached and recruited during roll call and in the staff canteen where they take their meal breaks, or at a time/location agreed upon by the Department of Correction, to complete brief surveys at three different times; pre-exposure, after 6 months, and after 12 months from the beginning of the TEC.
Correction Officers' Behavioral Expectations at 12 Months	21.7 units on a scale Standard Deviation 5.7

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline

Population: Only 200 Correction Officers (COs) completed this survey at baseline and therefore data exists for only 200 COs.

Survey-based scores on self-efficacy at baseline. To measure self-efficacy, the investigators used the Correction Officers' Self-Efficacy Scale, which has a minimum value of 8 and a maximum value of 32. Higher scores mean a better outcome.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Targeted Educational Campaign (TEC) for Correction Officers n=200 Participants The investigators will implement a Targeted Educational Campaign (TEC) within 3 jails at New York City's Rikers Island. The TEC is designed to lead to referrals of detainees (previously not detected as having potential mental health concerns) to Correctional Health Services (CHS) by Correction Officers. Targeted Educational Campaign: Correction Officers will be exposed to the Targeted Educational Campaign (TEC) with the aim to increase their knowledge about the early symptoms of psychosis, and how to make a referral to the Correction Health Services staff, their self-efficacy to detect symptoms of psychosis and make referrals, and their expectations about their ability to be successful in making that referral (and for referrals to result in beneficial outcomes). Correction Officers will be approached and recruited during roll call and in the staff canteen where they take their meal breaks, or at a time/location agreed upon by the Department of Correction, to complete brief surveys at three different times; pre-exposure, after 6 months, and after 12 months from the beginning of the TEC.
Correction Officers' Self-Efficacy at Baseline	26.8 units on a scale Standard Deviation 3.4

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 6 months

Population: Only 123 Correction Officers (COs) completed this survey at 6 months and therefore data exists for only 123 COs.

Survey-based scores on self-efficacy at 6-months. To measure self-efficacy, the investigators used the Correction Officers' Self-Efficacy Scale, which has a minimum value of 8 and a maximum value of 32. Higher scores mean a better outcome.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Targeted Educational Campaign (TEC) for Correction Officers n=123 Participants The investigators will implement a Targeted Educational Campaign (TEC) within 3 jails at New York City's Rikers Island. The TEC is designed to lead to referrals of detainees (previously not detected as having potential mental health concerns) to Correctional Health Services (CHS) by Correction Officers. Targeted Educational Campaign: Correction Officers will be exposed to the Targeted Educational Campaign (TEC) with the aim to increase their knowledge about the early symptoms of psychosis, and how to make a referral to the Correction Health Services staff, their self-efficacy to detect symptoms of psychosis and make referrals, and their expectations about their ability to be successful in making that referral (and for referrals to result in beneficial outcomes). Correction Officers will be approached and recruited during roll call and in the staff canteen where they take their meal breaks, or at a time/location agreed upon by the Department of Correction, to complete brief surveys at three different times; pre-exposure, after 6 months, and after 12 months from the beginning of the TEC.
Correction Officers' Self-Efficacy at 6 Months	27.4 units on a scale Standard Deviation 3.7

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 12 months

Population: Only 128 Correction Officers (COs) completed this survey at 12 months and therefore data exists for only 128 COs.

Survey-based scores on self-efficacy at 12-months. To measure self-efficacy, the investigators used the Correction Officers' Self-Efficacy Scale, which has a minimum value of 8 and a maximum value of 32. Higher scores mean a better outcome.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Targeted Educational Campaign (TEC) for Correction Officers n=128 Participants The investigators will implement a Targeted Educational Campaign (TEC) within 3 jails at New York City's Rikers Island. The TEC is designed to lead to referrals of detainees (previously not detected as having potential mental health concerns) to Correctional Health Services (CHS) by Correction Officers. Targeted Educational Campaign: Correction Officers will be exposed to the Targeted Educational Campaign (TEC) with the aim to increase their knowledge about the early symptoms of psychosis, and how to make a referral to the Correction Health Services staff, their self-efficacy to detect symptoms of psychosis and make referrals, and their expectations about their ability to be successful in making that referral (and for referrals to result in beneficial outcomes). Correction Officers will be approached and recruited during roll call and in the staff canteen where they take their meal breaks, or at a time/location agreed upon by the Department of Correction, to complete brief surveys at three different times; pre-exposure, after 6 months, and after 12 months from the beginning of the TEC.
Correction Officers' Self-Efficacy at 12 Months	24.5 units on a scale Standard Deviation 5.7

Adverse Events

Targeted Educational Campaign (TEC) for Correction Officers

Serious events: 0 serious events

Other events: 0 other events

Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Other adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Additional Information

Dr. Michael Compton

Columbia University

Phone: 646-774-8476

Email: [email protected]

Results disclosure agreements

Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
Publication restrictions are in place