ESAN II - Energy Sensing in Depression

NCT ID: NCT05432362

Last Updated: 2024-11-27

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

RECRUITING

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

120 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2019-02-25

Study Completion Date

2026-01-31

Brief Summary

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The purpose of this study is to assess the effects of polyphenols from natural aronia juice on the immune system.

Therefore, the study aims to distinguish the effects of natural juices that are rich in phytonutrients such as polyphenols and carotenoids in healthy and depressive subjects in order to use the known positive effects of these food sources in the therapeutic setting.

The consumption of natural fruit juices that are rich in polyphenols and carotenoids mirror a model of vegetarian diet due to the increased micronutrient density derived from plant food. Results obtained here can be seen as preliminary explanation models for the beneficial effects of vegetarian diet.

It is hypothesized, that the consumption of naturally polyphenol rich aronia juice changes the expression of regulatory T cells, specific cells of the immune system that contribute to immunomodulation. Furthermore, beneficial changes in the gut microbiome, the metabolome and the nutritional status are expected in the studied groups.

The study was registered retrospectively (after start of recruitment) on Clinicaltrials.gov.

Detailed Description

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Conditions

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Immune System Tolerance Depression Obesity Microbial Colonization Diet, Healthy

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

This monocentric study is a food product study (comparison between in trade available polyphenol-rich juice and a placebo).

Aronia juice is a locally produced, commercially available natural source of various secondary plant nutrients. It naturally contains high amounts of polyphenols. The placebo juice is prepared according to a published recipe and contains comparable amounts of nutrients such as vitamins and minerals but is totally polyphenol-free.

Six study groups are designated:

Group VN = normal weight participants receiving polyphenol-rich juice (verum) (n=20) Group VA = adipose participants receiving polyphenol-rich juice (verum) (n=20) Group VD = depressive patients receiving polyphenol-rich juice (verum) (n=20) Group CN = normal weight participants receiving placebo (control) (n=20) Group CA = adipose participants receiving placebo (control) (n=20) Group CD = depressive patients receiving placebo (control) (n=20)
Primary Study Purpose

PREVENTION

Blinding Strategy

SINGLE

Participants
The randomizer (online tool of the Medical University of Graz) will be used for randomisation of group assignment. The two juices are provided in the same containers.

Study Groups

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Verum Normal Weight

Normal weight participants receiving polyphenol-rich Aronia juice (verum) (n=20) The aronia juice is derived from a local producer, a common food and commercially available.

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Aronia Juice

Intervention Type OTHER

The intervention is based an the additional consumption of 200 ml natural juice a day for a period of six weeks. The participants are asked to drink the natural and commercially available juice in addition to their regular diet. Further, they are asked not to change their diets and lifestyle behaviour during the intervention.

Verum Obesity

Adipose participants receiving polyphenol-rich Aronia juice (verum) (n=20) The aronia juice is derived from a local producer, a common food and commercially available.

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Aronia Juice

Intervention Type OTHER

The intervention is based an the additional consumption of 200 ml natural juice a day for a period of six weeks. The participants are asked to drink the natural and commercially available juice in addition to their regular diet. Further, they are asked not to change their diets and lifestyle behaviour during the intervention.

Verum Depression

Depressive participants receiving polyphenol-rich Aronia juice (verum) (n=20) The aronia juice is derived from a local producer, a common food and commercially available.

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Aronia Juice

Intervention Type OTHER

The intervention is based an the additional consumption of 200 ml natural juice a day for a period of six weeks. The participants are asked to drink the natural and commercially available juice in addition to their regular diet. Further, they are asked not to change their diets and lifestyle behaviour during the intervention.

Placebo Normal Weight

Normal weight participants receiving placebo (control) (n=20)

The placebo drink is prepared according to a published recipe and contains nutrients such as sugars, vitamins and minerals. It has a comparable nutrients profile as the aronia juice but is completely polyphenol-free.

Group Type PLACEBO_COMPARATOR

Placebo

Intervention Type OTHER

A beverage is prepared according to a known recipe. It contains macro- and micronutrients in comparable amounts like the aronia juice. It is completely polyphenol free.

Placebo Obesity

Obese participants receiving placebo (control) (n=20)

The placebo drink is prepared according to a published recipe and contains nutrients such as sugars, vitamins and minerals. It has a comparable nutrients profile as the aronia juice but is completely polyphenol-free

Group Type PLACEBO_COMPARATOR

Placebo

Intervention Type OTHER

A beverage is prepared according to a known recipe. It contains macro- and micronutrients in comparable amounts like the aronia juice. It is completely polyphenol free.

Placebo Depression

Depressive participants receiving placebo (control) (n=20)

The placebo drink is prepared according to a published recipe and contains nutrients such as sugars, vitamins and minerals. It has a comparable nutrients profile as the aronia juice but is completely polyphenol-free

Group Type PLACEBO_COMPARATOR

Placebo

Intervention Type OTHER

A beverage is prepared according to a known recipe. It contains macro- and micronutrients in comparable amounts like the aronia juice. It is completely polyphenol free.

Interventions

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Aronia Juice

The intervention is based an the additional consumption of 200 ml natural juice a day for a period of six weeks. The participants are asked to drink the natural and commercially available juice in addition to their regular diet. Further, they are asked not to change their diets and lifestyle behaviour during the intervention.

Intervention Type OTHER

Placebo

A beverage is prepared according to a known recipe. It contains macro- and micronutrients in comparable amounts like the aronia juice. It is completely polyphenol free.

Intervention Type OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

1. Socio-demographic criteria:

1. Gender: female
2. Age: 18-40 years
2. Confirmation of the study settings

1. receives of information on

* the aims,
* methods,
* anticipated benefits,
* potential risks, and
* entailed discomforts of the study
2. signed declaration of consent
3. Subgroup of depressive patients:

1. diagnosis of depression according to the ICD-10 criteria for depression
2. diagnosed by an experienced psychiatrist

* a structured diagnostic interview
* voluntarily agreement to participate
* signed informed consent
4. Subgroup of normal weight participants:

* WHO criteria for normal weight (body mass index (BMI) 18.5-24.99 kg/m2)
5. Subgroup of obese participants

* WHO criteria for obesity (BMI \< 30.0 kg/m2)

Exclusion Criteria

1. Formal criteria:

* lack of informed consent
2. Health criteria

1. alcohol- or drug abuse
2. major cognitive deficits (which do not allow adequate testing)

* according to Mini Mental Status Examination (MMSE) \<20
3. patients which are currently in the locked ward of the clinic
4. acute or chronic diseases or infections within the previous two months

* upper respiratory tract infections
* fever
* chronic inflammatory disorders
* autoimmune-disorders
* blood diseases
* mitochondrial diseases
3. Digestive disorders

1. fructose intolerance
2. history of digestive diseases such as

* inflammatory bowel disease
* irritable bowel syndrome
3. treatment that may has influenced the microbiome

* antibiotic or antifungal treatment within the previous two months
* daily or irregular intake of prebiotics or probiotics within the previous two months (the intake of yoghurt and dairy products are permitted)
4. history of gastrointestinal surgery (other than appendectomy)
4. Pregnancy and period of breastfeeding
Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

40 Years

Eligible Sex

FEMALE

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Sponsors

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Medical University of Graz

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Responsibility Role SPONSOR

Principal Investigators

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Sandra Holasek, Prof.

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Medical Universtiy of Graz

Locations

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Medical Universtiy of Graz

Graz, Styria, Austria

Site Status RECRUITING

Countries

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Austria

Central Contacts

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Sonja Lackner, Dr.

Role: CONTACT

+43 316 385 711 66

Sandra Holasek, Prof.

Role: CONTACT

+43 316 385 71153

Facility Contacts

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Sonja Lackner, Dr.

Role: primary

+43 316 385 71166

Sandra Holasek, Prof.

Role: backup

+43 316 385 71153

References

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Koopman M, El Aidy S; MIDtrauma consortium. Depressed gut? The microbiota-diet-inflammation trialogue in depression. Curr Opin Psychiatry. 2017 Sep;30(5):369-377. doi: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000350.

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De Rosa V, Galgani M, Santopaolo M, Colamatteo A, Laccetti R, Matarese G. Nutritional control of immunity: Balancing the metabolic requirements with an appropriate immune function. Semin Immunol. 2015 Sep;27(5):300-9. doi: 10.1016/j.smim.2015.10.001. Epub 2015 Oct 29.

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Bettelli E, Carrier Y, Gao W, Korn T, Strom TB, Oukka M, Weiner HL, Kuchroo VK. Reciprocal developmental pathways for the generation of pathogenic effector TH17 and regulatory T cells. Nature. 2006 May 11;441(7090):235-8. doi: 10.1038/nature04753. Epub 2006 Apr 30.

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Kim W, Lee H. Advances in nutritional research on regulatory T-cells. Nutrients. 2013 Oct 28;5(11):4305-15. doi: 10.3390/nu5114305.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 24169507 (View on PubMed)

Kim YS, Sayers TJ, Colburn NH, Milner JA, Young HA. Impact of dietary components on NK and Treg cell function for cancer prevention. Mol Carcinog. 2015 Sep;54(9):669-78. doi: 10.1002/mc.22301. Epub 2015 Apr 1.

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Xue Z, Li D, Yu W, Zhang Q, Hou X, He Y, Kou X. Mechanisms and therapeutic prospects of polyphenols as modulators of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor. Food Funct. 2017 Apr 19;8(4):1414-1437. doi: 10.1039/c6fo01810f.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 28287659 (View on PubMed)

Shanahan F, van Sinderen D, O'Toole PW, Stanton C. Feeding the microbiota: transducer of nutrient signals for the host. Gut. 2017 Sep;66(9):1709-1717. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2017-313872. Epub 2017 Jun 29.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 28663354 (View on PubMed)

Vauzour D, Rodriguez-Mateos A, Corona G, Oruna-Concha MJ, Spencer JP. Polyphenols and human health: prevention of disease and mechanisms of action. Nutrients. 2010 Nov;2(11):1106-31. doi: 10.3390/nu2111106. Epub 2010 Nov 8.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
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Mullan A, Delles C, Ferrell W, Mullen W, Edwards CA, McColl JH, Roberts SA, Lean ME, Sattar N. Effects of a beverage rich in (poly)phenols on established and novel risk markers for vascular disease in medically uncomplicated overweight or obese subjects: A four week randomized placebo-controlled trial. Atherosclerosis. 2016 Mar;246:169-76. doi: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2016.01.004. Epub 2016 Jan 6.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
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Reference Type RESULT
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Lackner S, Mahnert A, Moissl-Eichinger C, Madl T, Habisch H, Meier-Allard N, Kumpitsch C, Lahousen T, Kohlhammer-Dohr A, Morkl S, Strobl H, Holasek S. Interindividual differences in aronia juice tolerability linked to gut microbiome and metabolome changes-secondary analysis of a randomized placebo-controlled parallel intervention trial. Microbiome. 2024 Mar 9;12(1):49. doi: 10.1186/s40168-024-01774-4.

Reference Type DERIVED
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Other Identifiers

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ESANII

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id