Trial Outcomes & Findings for Family-focused vs. Drinker-focused Smartphone Interventions to Reduce Drinking-related Consequences of COVID-19 (NCT NCT05419128)

NCT ID: NCT05419128

Last Updated: 2025-05-22

Results Overview

Risky drinking day will be defined as greater than 4 drinks for men and greater than 3 drinks for women and will be measured through the Timeline Followback every 120 days.

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

Target enrollment

398 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

Baseline, 4, 8, and 12 months

Results posted on

2025-05-22

Participant Flow

Recruitment was conducted from April 2022 to May 2023. The intervention period ended in June 2024.

No significant events occurred after enrollment and prior to assignment.

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure	Smartphone Control - Identified Patient (IP) Both the identified patient (IP) and concerned significant other (CSO) will receive a smartphone with pre-programmed contact information for Alcoholics Anonymous (AA), Narcotics Anonymous (NA), Al-Anon, Adult Children of Alcoholics (ACOA), and crisis hot lines.	ACHESS - Identified Patient (IP) In ACHESS, both the identified patient (IP) and the concerned significant other (CSO) will receive a smartphone, but only the IP will receive the ACHESS app. The CSO will receive a smartphone with contact information for standard AUD, SUD, and crisis support. ACHESS: ACHESS offers the following, which are also available in PartnerCHESS: Covid content, Instant Library, Discussion Groups, Personal Stories, Location Monitor, Surveys and Ecological Momentary Assessments, Guided Relaxation, Healthy Activities, Crisis Button, Skills Reminders	PartnerCHESS - Identified Patient (IP) In the PartnerCHESS arm, identified patient (IP) and concerned significant other (CSO) will both receive a smartphone with the PartnerCHESS app, which contains ACHESS services plus ABCT/ PartnerCHESS services. PartnerCHESS: The following ABCT services, from PartnerCHESS, will be available in the PartnerCHESS app but not in ACHESS: ABCT tutorials. Interactive e-learning modules explaining key ABCT skills. Agreements between IP and CSO to follow key principles. Trigger identification and removal. Cravings discussion. Relapse plan. Reminders.	Smartphone Control - Concerned Significant Other (CSO) Both the identified patient (IP) and concerned significant other (CSO) will receive a smartphone with pre-programmed contact information for Alcoholics Anonymous (AA), Narcotics Anonymous (NA), Al-Anon, Adult Children of Alcoholics (ACOA), and crisis hot lines.	ACHESS - Concerned Significant Other (CSO) In ACHESS, both the identified patient (IP) and the concerned significant other (CSO) will receive a smartphone, but only the IP will receive the ACHESS app. The CSO will receive a smartphone with contact information for standard AUD, SUD, and crisis support. ACHESS: ACHESS offers the following, which are also available in PartnerCHESS: Covid content, Instant Library, Discussion Groups, Personal Stories, Location Monitor, Surveys and Ecological Momentary Assessments, Guided Relaxation, Healthy Activities, Crisis Button, Skills Reminders	PartnerCHESS - Concerned Significant Other (CSO) In the PartnerCHESS arm, identified patient (IP) and concerned significant other (CSO) will both receive a smartphone with the PartnerCHESS app, which contains ACHESS services plus ABCT/ PartnerCHESS services. PartnerCHESS: The following ABCT services, from PartnerCHESS, will be available in the PartnerCHESS app but not in ACHESS: ABCT tutorials. Interactive e-learning modules explaining key ABCT skills. Agreements between IP and CSO to follow key principles. Trigger identification and removal. Cravings discussion. Relapse plan. Reminders.
Overall Study STARTED	67	66	66	67	66	66
Overall Study COMPLETED	66	65	65	66	65	65
Overall Study NOT COMPLETED	1	1	1	1	1	1

Reasons for withdrawal

Reasons for withdrawal
Measure	Smartphone Control - Identified Patient (IP) Both the identified patient (IP) and concerned significant other (CSO) will receive a smartphone with pre-programmed contact information for Alcoholics Anonymous (AA), Narcotics Anonymous (NA), Al-Anon, Adult Children of Alcoholics (ACOA), and crisis hot lines.	ACHESS - Identified Patient (IP) In ACHESS, both the identified patient (IP) and the concerned significant other (CSO) will receive a smartphone, but only the IP will receive the ACHESS app. The CSO will receive a smartphone with contact information for standard AUD, SUD, and crisis support. ACHESS: ACHESS offers the following, which are also available in PartnerCHESS: Covid content, Instant Library, Discussion Groups, Personal Stories, Location Monitor, Surveys and Ecological Momentary Assessments, Guided Relaxation, Healthy Activities, Crisis Button, Skills Reminders	PartnerCHESS - Identified Patient (IP) In the PartnerCHESS arm, identified patient (IP) and concerned significant other (CSO) will both receive a smartphone with the PartnerCHESS app, which contains ACHESS services plus ABCT/ PartnerCHESS services. PartnerCHESS: The following ABCT services, from PartnerCHESS, will be available in the PartnerCHESS app but not in ACHESS: ABCT tutorials. Interactive e-learning modules explaining key ABCT skills. Agreements between IP and CSO to follow key principles. Trigger identification and removal. Cravings discussion. Relapse plan. Reminders.	Smartphone Control - Concerned Significant Other (CSO) Both the identified patient (IP) and concerned significant other (CSO) will receive a smartphone with pre-programmed contact information for Alcoholics Anonymous (AA), Narcotics Anonymous (NA), Al-Anon, Adult Children of Alcoholics (ACOA), and crisis hot lines.	ACHESS - Concerned Significant Other (CSO) In ACHESS, both the identified patient (IP) and the concerned significant other (CSO) will receive a smartphone, but only the IP will receive the ACHESS app. The CSO will receive a smartphone with contact information for standard AUD, SUD, and crisis support. ACHESS: ACHESS offers the following, which are also available in PartnerCHESS: Covid content, Instant Library, Discussion Groups, Personal Stories, Location Monitor, Surveys and Ecological Momentary Assessments, Guided Relaxation, Healthy Activities, Crisis Button, Skills Reminders	PartnerCHESS - Concerned Significant Other (CSO) In the PartnerCHESS arm, identified patient (IP) and concerned significant other (CSO) will both receive a smartphone with the PartnerCHESS app, which contains ACHESS services plus ABCT/ PartnerCHESS services. PartnerCHESS: The following ABCT services, from PartnerCHESS, will be available in the PartnerCHESS app but not in ACHESS: ABCT tutorials. Interactive e-learning modules explaining key ABCT skills. Agreements between IP and CSO to follow key principles. Trigger identification and removal. Cravings discussion. Relapse plan. Reminders.
Overall Study Withdrawal by Subject	1	1	0	1	1	0
Overall Study Lost to Follow-up	0	0	1	0	0	1

Baseline Characteristics

Only Severe Alcohol Use was calculated, participants not shown had mild or moderate Alcohol Use Disorder as determined by the DSM-5.

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure	Smartphone Control - Identified Patient (IP) n=67 Participants Both the identified patient (IP) and concerned significant other (CSO) will receive a smartphone with pre-programmed contact information for Alcoholics Anonymous (AA), Narcotics Anonymous (NA), Al-Anon, Adult Children of Alcoholics (ACOA), and crisis hot lines.	ACHESS - Identified Patient (IP) n=66 Participants In ACHESS, both the identified patient (IP) and the concerned significant other (CSO) will receive a smartphone, but only the IP will receive the ACHESS app. The CSO will receive a smartphone with contact information for standard AUD, SUD, and crisis support. ACHESS: ACHESS offers the following, which are also available in PartnerCHESS: Covid content, Instant Library, Discussion Groups, Personal Stories, Location Monitor, Surveys and Ecological Momentary Assessments, Guided Relaxation, Healthy Activities, Crisis Button, Skills Reminders	PartnerCHESS - Identified Patient (IP) n=66 Participants In the PartnerCHESS arm, identified patient (IP) and concerned significant other (CSO) will both receive a smartphone with the PartnerCHESS app, which contains ACHESS services plus ABCT/ PartnerCHESS services. PartnerCHESS: The following ABCT services, from PartnerCHESS, will be available in the PartnerCHESS app but not in ACHESS: ABCT tutorials. Interactive e-learning modules explaining key ABCT skills. Agreements between IP and CSO to follow key principles. Trigger identification and removal. Cravings discussion. Relapse plan. Reminders.	Smartphone Control - Concerned Significant Other (CSO) n=67 Participants Both the identified patient (IP) and concerned significant other (CSO) will receive a smartphone with pre-programmed contact information for Alcoholics Anonymous (AA), Narcotics Anonymous (NA), Al-Anon, Adult Children of Alcoholics (ACOA), and crisis hot lines.	ACHESS - Concerned Significant Other (CSO) n=66 Participants In ACHESS, both the identified patient (IP) and the concerned significant other (CSO) will receive a smartphone, but only the IP will receive the ACHESS app. The CSO will receive a smartphone with contact information for standard AUD, SUD, and crisis support. ACHESS: ACHESS offers the following, which are also available in PartnerCHESS: Covid content, Instant Library, Discussion Groups, Personal Stories, Location Monitor, Surveys and Ecological Momentary Assessments, Guided Relaxation, Healthy Activities, Crisis Button, Skills Reminders	PartnerCHESS - Concerned Significant Other (CSO) n=66 Participants In the PartnerCHESS arm, identified patient (IP) and concerned significant other (CSO) will both receive a smartphone with the PartnerCHESS app, which contains ACHESS services plus ABCT/ PartnerCHESS services. PartnerCHESS: The following ABCT services, from PartnerCHESS, will be available in the PartnerCHESS app but not in ACHESS: ABCT tutorials. Interactive e-learning modules explaining key ABCT skills. Agreements between IP and CSO to follow key principles. Trigger identification and removal. Cravings discussion. Relapse plan. Reminders.	Total n=398 Participants Total of all reporting groups
Past month treatment Unknown	1 Participants n=67 Participants	0 Participants n=66 Participants	0 Participants n=66 Participants	0 Participants n=67 Participants	0 Participants n=66 Participants	0 Participants n=66 Participants	1 Participants n=398 Participants
Past month treatment engagement Outpatient treatment	6 Participants n=67 Participants	11 Participants n=66 Participants	14 Participants n=66 Participants	0 Participants n=67 Participants	6 Participants n=66 Participants	3 Participants n=66 Participants	40 Participants n=398 Participants
Age, Continuous	48.0 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 13.2 • n=67 Participants	46.5 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 13.3 • n=66 Participants	46.4 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 13.4 • n=66 Participants	49.5 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 13.2 • n=67 Participants	48.5 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 16.0 • n=66 Participants	46.2 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 14.3 • n=66 Participants	47.5 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 14.0 • n=398 Participants
Sex/Gender, Customized Man	40 Participants n=67 Participants	38 Participants n=66 Participants	41 Participants n=66 Participants	19 Participants n=67 Participants	23 Participants n=66 Participants	15 Participants n=66 Participants	176 Participants n=398 Participants
Sex/Gender, Customized Woman	25 Participants n=67 Participants	28 Participants n=66 Participants	25 Participants n=66 Participants	48 Participants n=67 Participants	42 Participants n=66 Participants	51 Participants n=66 Participants	219 Participants n=398 Participants
Sex/Gender, Customized Other	2 Participants n=67 Participants	0 Participants n=66 Participants	0 Participants n=66 Participants	0 Participants n=67 Participants	1 Participants n=66 Participants	0 Participants n=66 Participants	3 Participants n=398 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Hispanic or Latino	3 Participants n=67 Participants	6 Participants n=66 Participants	7 Participants n=66 Participants	2 Participants n=67 Participants	4 Participants n=66 Participants	6 Participants n=66 Participants	28 Participants n=398 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Not Hispanic or Latino	63 Participants n=67 Participants	60 Participants n=66 Participants	59 Participants n=66 Participants	65 Participants n=67 Participants	62 Participants n=66 Participants	60 Participants n=66 Participants	369 Participants n=398 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported	1 Participants n=67 Participants	0 Participants n=66 Participants	0 Participants n=66 Participants	0 Participants n=67 Participants	0 Participants n=66 Participants	0 Participants n=66 Participants	1 Participants n=398 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized White	52 Participants n=67 Participants	50 Participants n=66 Participants	53 Participants n=66 Participants	55 Participants n=67 Participants	51 Participants n=66 Participants	54 Participants n=66 Participants	315 Participants n=398 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized African American	11 Participants n=67 Participants	13 Participants n=66 Participants	9 Participants n=66 Participants	10 Participants n=67 Participants	11 Participants n=66 Participants	8 Participants n=66 Participants	62 Participants n=398 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized Other	6 Participants n=67 Participants	6 Participants n=66 Participants	7 Participants n=66 Participants	3 Participants n=67 Participants	7 Participants n=66 Participants	7 Participants n=66 Participants	36 Participants n=398 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized Unknown	1 Participants n=67 Participants	0 Participants n=66 Participants	0 Participants n=66 Participants	0 Participants n=67 Participants	0 Participants n=66 Participants	0 Participants n=66 Participants	1 Participants n=398 Participants
Living arrangement By myself	14 Participants n=67 Participants	14 Participants n=66 Participants	10 Participants n=66 Participants	8 Participants n=67 Participants	6 Participants n=66 Participants	10 Participants n=66 Participants	62 Participants n=398 Participants
Living arrangement With a romantic partner	42 Participants n=67 Participants	38 Participants n=66 Participants	36 Participants n=66 Participants	50 Participants n=67 Participants	48 Participants n=66 Participants	38 Participants n=66 Participants	252 Participants n=398 Participants
Living arrangement Other	27 Participants n=67 Participants	27 Participants n=66 Participants	32 Participants n=66 Participants	25 Participants n=67 Participants	28 Participants n=66 Participants	31 Participants n=66 Participants	170 Participants n=398 Participants
Living arrangement Unknown	1 Participants n=67 Participants	0 Participants n=66 Participants	0 Participants n=66 Participants	0 Participants n=67 Participants	0 Participants n=66 Participants	0 Participants n=66 Participants	1 Participants n=398 Participants
Dyad relationship type Romantic partner/spouse	44 Participants n=67 Participants	43 Participants n=66 Participants	39 Participants n=66 Participants	45 Participants n=67 Participants	43 Participants n=66 Participants	38 Participants n=66 Participants	252 Participants n=398 Participants
Dyad relationship type Parent/adult child/other family member	15 Participants n=67 Participants	18 Participants n=66 Participants	23 Participants n=66 Participants	15 Participants n=67 Participants	18 Participants n=66 Participants	23 Participants n=66 Participants	112 Participants n=398 Participants
Dyad relationship type Friend	8 Participants n=67 Participants	5 Participants n=66 Participants	4 Participants n=66 Participants	7 Participants n=67 Participants	5 Participants n=66 Participants	5 Participants n=66 Participants	34 Participants n=398 Participants
Employment status Employed full time	25 Participants n=67 Participants	37 Participants n=66 Participants	28 Participants n=66 Participants	37 Participants n=67 Participants	31 Participants n=66 Participants	32 Participants n=66 Participants	190 Participants n=398 Participants
Employment status Employed part time/seasonal/other	15 Participants n=67 Participants	5 Participants n=66 Participants	9 Participants n=66 Participants	15 Participants n=67 Participants	9 Participants n=66 Participants	13 Participants n=66 Participants	66 Participants n=398 Participants
Employment status Looking for work	11 Participants n=67 Participants	10 Participants n=66 Participants	10 Participants n=66 Participants	2 Participants n=67 Participants	7 Participants n=66 Participants	7 Participants n=66 Participants	47 Participants n=398 Participants
Employment status On disability	9 Participants n=67 Participants	9 Participants n=66 Participants	4 Participants n=66 Participants	6 Participants n=67 Participants	5 Participants n=66 Participants	4 Participants n=66 Participants	37 Participants n=398 Participants
Employment status Other	10 Participants n=67 Participants	8 Participants n=66 Participants	15 Participants n=66 Participants	8 Participants n=67 Participants	14 Participants n=66 Participants	11 Participants n=66 Participants	66 Participants n=398 Participants
Employment status Unknown	1 Participants n=67 Participants	0 Participants n=66 Participants	0 Participants n=66 Participants	0 Participants n=67 Participants	0 Participants n=66 Participants	0 Participants n=66 Participants	1 Participants n=398 Participants
Vaccinated for COVID Vaccinated for COVID	47 Participants n=67 Participants	49 Participants n=66 Participants	46 Participants n=66 Participants	53 Participants n=67 Participants	51 Participants n=66 Participants	49 Participants n=66 Participants	295 Participants n=398 Participants
Vaccinated for COVID Unknown	1 Participants n=67 Participants	0 Participants n=66 Participants	0 Participants n=66 Participants	0 Participants n=67 Participants	0 Participants n=66 Participants	0 Participants n=66 Participants	1 Participants n=398 Participants
Past month drug use or abuse Opioids/Sedatives/Tranquilizers	2 Participants n=67 Participants	2 Participants n=66 Participants	4 Participants n=66 Participants	4 Participants n=67 Participants	2 Participants n=66 Participants	2 Participants n=66 Participants	16 Participants n=398 Participants
Past month drug use or abuse Marijuana	28 Participants n=67 Participants	21 Participants n=66 Participants	28 Participants n=66 Participants	9 Participants n=67 Participants	13 Participants n=66 Participants	15 Participants n=66 Participants	114 Participants n=398 Participants
Past month drug use or abuse Stimulants	5 Participants n=67 Participants	5 Participants n=66 Participants	5 Participants n=66 Participants	1 Participants n=67 Participants	2 Participants n=66 Participants	3 Participants n=66 Participants	21 Participants n=398 Participants
Past month drug use or abuse Unknown	1 Participants n=67 Participants	0 Participants n=66 Participants	0 Participants n=66 Participants	0 Participants n=67 Participants	0 Participants n=66 Participants	0 Participants n=66 Participants	1 Participants n=398 Participants
Past month treatment Past month treatment	16 Participants n=67 Participants	19 Participants n=66 Participants	21 Participants n=66 Participants	1 Participants n=67 Participants	9 Participants n=66 Participants	4 Participants n=66 Participants	70 Participants n=398 Participants
Past month treatment No past month treatment	50 Participants n=67 Participants	47 Participants n=66 Participants	45 Participants n=66 Participants	66 Participants n=67 Participants	57 Participants n=66 Participants	62 Participants n=66 Participants	327 Participants n=398 Participants
Past month treatment engagement Inpatient treatment	11 Participants n=67 Participants	12 Participants n=66 Participants	9 Participants n=66 Participants	1 Participants n=67 Participants	3 Participants n=66 Participants	1 Participants n=66 Participants	37 Participants n=398 Participants
Past month treatment engagement Medically Assisted Treatment (MAT) use	11 Participants n=67 Participants	10 Participants n=66 Participants	12 Participants n=66 Participants	0 Participants n=67 Participants	4 Participants n=66 Participants	3 Participants n=66 Participants	40 Participants n=398 Participants
Past month treatment engagement Unknown	1 Participants n=67 Participants	0 Participants n=66 Participants	0 Participants n=66 Participants	0 Participants n=67 Participants	0 Participants n=66 Participants	0 Participants n=66 Participants	1 Participants n=398 Participants
Other healthcare utilization 12-step/self-help group	12 Participants n=67 Participants	20 Participants n=66 Participants	15 Participants n=66 Participants	5 Participants n=67 Participants	13 Participants n=66 Participants	7 Participants n=66 Participants	72 Participants n=398 Participants
Other healthcare utilization Emergency room visit	12 Participants n=67 Participants	11 Participants n=66 Participants	6 Participants n=66 Participants	5 Participants n=67 Participants	3 Participants n=66 Participants	3 Participants n=66 Participants	40 Participants n=398 Participants
Other healthcare utilization Unknown	1 Participants n=67 Participants	0 Participants n=66 Participants	0 Participants n=66 Participants	0 Participants n=67 Participants	0 Participants n=66 Participants	0 Participants n=66 Participants	1 Participants n=398 Participants
Severe Alcohol Use Disorder	62 Participants n=67 Participants • Only Severe Alcohol Use was calculated, participants not shown had mild or moderate Alcohol Use Disorder as determined by the DSM-5.	65 Participants n=66 Participants • Only Severe Alcohol Use was calculated, participants not shown had mild or moderate Alcohol Use Disorder as determined by the DSM-5.	59 Participants n=66 Participants • Only Severe Alcohol Use was calculated, participants not shown had mild or moderate Alcohol Use Disorder as determined by the DSM-5.	—	—	—	186 Participants n=199 Participants • Only Severe Alcohol Use was calculated, participants not shown had mild or moderate Alcohol Use Disorder as determined by the DSM-5.

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline, 4, 8, and 12 months

Population: Identified Patients in each arm (Smartphone Control, ACHESS, and PartnerCHESS) were surveyed at baseline, 4, 8, and 12 months.

Risky drinking day will be defined as greater than 4 drinks for men and greater than 3 drinks for women and will be measured through the Timeline Followback every 120 days.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Smartphone Control - Identified Patient (IP) n=67 Participants Both the identified patient (IP) and concerned significant other (CSO) will receive a smartphone with pre-programmed contact information for Alcoholics Anonymous (AA), Narcotics Anonymous (NA), Al-Anon, Adult Children of Alcoholics (ACOA), and crisis hot lines.	ACHESS - Identified Patient (IP) n=66 Participants In ACHESS, both the identified patient (IP) and the concerned significant other (CSO) will receive a smartphone, but only the IP will receive the ACHESS app. The CSO will receive a smartphone with contact information for standard AUD, SUD, and crisis support. ACHESS: ACHESS offers the following, which are also available in PartnerCHESS: Covid content, Instant Library, Discussion Groups, Personal Stories, Location Monitor, Surveys and Ecological Momentary Assessments, Guided Relaxation, Healthy Activities, Crisis Button, Skills Reminders	PartnerCHESS - Identified Patient (IP) n=66 Participants In the PartnerCHESS arm, identified patient (IP) and concerned significant other (CSO) will both receive a smartphone with the PartnerCHESS app, which contains ACHESS services plus ABCT/ PartnerCHESS services. PartnerCHESS: The following ABCT services, from PartnerCHESS, will be available in the PartnerCHESS app but not in ACHESS: ABCT tutorials. Interactive e-learning modules explaining key ABCT skills. Agreements between IP and CSO to follow key principles. Trigger identification and removal. Cravings discussion. Relapse plan. Reminders.	Smartphone Control - Concerned Significant Other (CSO) Both the identified patient (IP) and concerned significant other (CSO) will receive a smartphone with pre-programmed contact information for Alcoholics Anonymous (AA), Narcotics Anonymous (NA), Al-Anon, Adult Children of Alcoholics (ACOA), and crisis hot lines.	ACHESS - Concerned Significant Other (CSO) In ACHESS, both the identified patient (IP) and the concerned significant other (CSO) will receive a smartphone, but only the IP will receive the ACHESS app. The CSO will receive a smartphone with contact information for standard AUD, SUD, and crisis support. ACHESS: ACHESS offers the following, which are also available in PartnerCHESS: Covid content, Instant Library, Discussion Groups, Personal Stories, Location Monitor, Surveys and Ecological Momentary Assessments, Guided Relaxation, Healthy Activities, Crisis Button, Skills Reminders	PartnerCHESS - Concerned Significant Other (CSO) In the PartnerCHESS arm, identified patient (IP) and concerned significant other (CSO) will both receive a smartphone with the PartnerCHESS app, which contains ACHESS services plus ABCT/ PartnerCHESS services. PartnerCHESS: The following ABCT services, from PartnerCHESS, will be available in the PartnerCHESS app but not in ACHESS: ABCT tutorials. Interactive e-learning modules explaining key ABCT skills. Agreements between IP and CSO to follow key principles. Trigger identification and removal. Cravings discussion. Relapse plan. Reminders.
% of Patient Risky Drinking Days 8 Months	20.91 percentage of high-risk drinking days Standard Error 3.54	5.49 percentage of high-risk drinking days Standard Error 4.56	4.93 percentage of high-risk drinking days Standard Error 3.58	—	—	—
% of Patient Risky Drinking Days Baseline	53.99 percentage of high-risk drinking days Standard Error 3.03	48.14 percentage of high-risk drinking days Standard Error 3.61	41.89 percentage of high-risk drinking days Standard Error 3.13	—	—	—
% of Patient Risky Drinking Days 4 Months	21.64 percentage of high-risk drinking days Standard Error 3.43	23.98 percentage of high-risk drinking days Standard Error 4.17	22.41 percentage of high-risk drinking days Standard Error 3.52	—	—	—
% of Patient Risky Drinking Days 12 Months	19.76 percentage of high-risk drinking days Standard Error 3.62	5.92 percentage of high-risk drinking days Standard Error 4.5	-7.23 percentage of high-risk drinking days Standard Error 3.97	—	—	—

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline, 4, 8, and 12 months

Population: All participants (identified patients and concerned significant others from each arm) were surveyed at baseline, 4, 8, and 12 months.

The OQ45 measures the patient's and partner's outcomes during treatment by assessing three sub-domains, Symptom Distress, Interpersonal Relations, and Social Role. Scores from the Outcomes Questionnaire-45 range from 0-180, the higher the score, the higher the symptoms of distress. Cut-off score: 63 or more - indicates symptoms of clinical significance A high score suggests that the client is admitting to a large number of symptoms of distress (mainly anxiety, depression, somatic problems and stress) as well as difficulties in interpersonal relationships, social role (such as work or school), and in their general quality of life. Reliable change: indicated when a client's score changes by 14 points or more.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Smartphone Control - Identified Patient (IP) n=67 Participants Both the identified patient (IP) and concerned significant other (CSO) will receive a smartphone with pre-programmed contact information for Alcoholics Anonymous (AA), Narcotics Anonymous (NA), Al-Anon, Adult Children of Alcoholics (ACOA), and crisis hot lines.	ACHESS - Identified Patient (IP) n=66 Participants In ACHESS, both the identified patient (IP) and the concerned significant other (CSO) will receive a smartphone, but only the IP will receive the ACHESS app. The CSO will receive a smartphone with contact information for standard AUD, SUD, and crisis support. ACHESS: ACHESS offers the following, which are also available in PartnerCHESS: Covid content, Instant Library, Discussion Groups, Personal Stories, Location Monitor, Surveys and Ecological Momentary Assessments, Guided Relaxation, Healthy Activities, Crisis Button, Skills Reminders	PartnerCHESS - Identified Patient (IP) n=66 Participants In the PartnerCHESS arm, identified patient (IP) and concerned significant other (CSO) will both receive a smartphone with the PartnerCHESS app, which contains ACHESS services plus ABCT/ PartnerCHESS services. PartnerCHESS: The following ABCT services, from PartnerCHESS, will be available in the PartnerCHESS app but not in ACHESS: ABCT tutorials. Interactive e-learning modules explaining key ABCT skills. Agreements between IP and CSO to follow key principles. Trigger identification and removal. Cravings discussion. Relapse plan. Reminders.	Smartphone Control - Concerned Significant Other (CSO) n=67 Participants Both the identified patient (IP) and concerned significant other (CSO) will receive a smartphone with pre-programmed contact information for Alcoholics Anonymous (AA), Narcotics Anonymous (NA), Al-Anon, Adult Children of Alcoholics (ACOA), and crisis hot lines.	ACHESS - Concerned Significant Other (CSO) n=66 Participants In ACHESS, both the identified patient (IP) and the concerned significant other (CSO) will receive a smartphone, but only the IP will receive the ACHESS app. The CSO will receive a smartphone with contact information for standard AUD, SUD, and crisis support. ACHESS: ACHESS offers the following, which are also available in PartnerCHESS: Covid content, Instant Library, Discussion Groups, Personal Stories, Location Monitor, Surveys and Ecological Momentary Assessments, Guided Relaxation, Healthy Activities, Crisis Button, Skills Reminders	PartnerCHESS - Concerned Significant Other (CSO) n=66 Participants In the PartnerCHESS arm, identified patient (IP) and concerned significant other (CSO) will both receive a smartphone with the PartnerCHESS app, which contains ACHESS services plus ABCT/ PartnerCHESS services. PartnerCHESS: The following ABCT services, from PartnerCHESS, will be available in the PartnerCHESS app but not in ACHESS: ABCT tutorials. Interactive e-learning modules explaining key ABCT skills. Agreements between IP and CSO to follow key principles. Trigger identification and removal. Cravings discussion. Relapse plan. Reminders.
Psychological Distress Baseline	69.77 score on a scale from 0-180 Standard Deviation 1.93	71.97 score on a scale from 0-180 Standard Deviation 2.28	70.35 score on a scale from 0-180 Standard Deviation 1.98	51.16 score on a scale from 0-180 Standard Deviation 1.91	48.37 score on a scale from 0-180 Standard Deviation 1.87	52.85 score on a scale from 0-180 Standard Deviation 1.88
Psychological Distress 4 Months	69.01 score on a scale from 0-180 Standard Deviation 2.03	67.60 score on a scale from 0-180 Standard Deviation 2.41	63.89 score on a scale from 0-180 Standard Deviation 2.10	51.44 score on a scale from 0-180 Standard Deviation 2.00	48.15 score on a scale from 0-180 Standard Deviation 1.94	55.01 score on a scale from 0-180 Standard Deviation 1.97
Psychological Distress 8 Months	63.66 score on a scale from 0-180 Standard Deviation 2.06	62.06 score on a scale from 0-180 Standard Deviation 2.50	59.17 score on a scale from 0-180 Standard Deviation 2.10	51.91 score on a scale from 0-180 Standard Deviation 1.98	47.88 score on a scale from 0-180 Standard Deviation 1.94	53.85 score on a scale from 0-180 Standard Deviation 2.02
Psychological Distress 12 Months	63.90 score on a scale from 0-180 Standard Deviation 2.10	57.10 score on a scale from 0-180 Standard Deviation 2.51	56.64 score on a scale from 0-180 Standard Deviation 2.15	53.11 score on a scale from 0-180 Standard Deviation 2.03	44.70 score on a scale from 0-180 Standard Deviation 1.91	51.86 score on a scale from 0-180 Standard Deviation 1.98

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline, 4, 8, and 12 months

Population: Identified patients were surveyed at baseline, 4, 8, and 12 months.

% days abstinent will be measured through the Timeline Followback every 120 days.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Smartphone Control - Identified Patient (IP) n=67 Participants Both the identified patient (IP) and concerned significant other (CSO) will receive a smartphone with pre-programmed contact information for Alcoholics Anonymous (AA), Narcotics Anonymous (NA), Al-Anon, Adult Children of Alcoholics (ACOA), and crisis hot lines.	ACHESS - Identified Patient (IP) n=66 Participants In ACHESS, both the identified patient (IP) and the concerned significant other (CSO) will receive a smartphone, but only the IP will receive the ACHESS app. The CSO will receive a smartphone with contact information for standard AUD, SUD, and crisis support. ACHESS: ACHESS offers the following, which are also available in PartnerCHESS: Covid content, Instant Library, Discussion Groups, Personal Stories, Location Monitor, Surveys and Ecological Momentary Assessments, Guided Relaxation, Healthy Activities, Crisis Button, Skills Reminders	PartnerCHESS - Identified Patient (IP) n=66 Participants In the PartnerCHESS arm, identified patient (IP) and concerned significant other (CSO) will both receive a smartphone with the PartnerCHESS app, which contains ACHESS services plus ABCT/ PartnerCHESS services. PartnerCHESS: The following ABCT services, from PartnerCHESS, will be available in the PartnerCHESS app but not in ACHESS: ABCT tutorials. Interactive e-learning modules explaining key ABCT skills. Agreements between IP and CSO to follow key principles. Trigger identification and removal. Cravings discussion. Relapse plan. Reminders.	Smartphone Control - Concerned Significant Other (CSO) Both the identified patient (IP) and concerned significant other (CSO) will receive a smartphone with pre-programmed contact information for Alcoholics Anonymous (AA), Narcotics Anonymous (NA), Al-Anon, Adult Children of Alcoholics (ACOA), and crisis hot lines.	ACHESS - Concerned Significant Other (CSO) In ACHESS, both the identified patient (IP) and the concerned significant other (CSO) will receive a smartphone, but only the IP will receive the ACHESS app. The CSO will receive a smartphone with contact information for standard AUD, SUD, and crisis support. ACHESS: ACHESS offers the following, which are also available in PartnerCHESS: Covid content, Instant Library, Discussion Groups, Personal Stories, Location Monitor, Surveys and Ecological Momentary Assessments, Guided Relaxation, Healthy Activities, Crisis Button, Skills Reminders	PartnerCHESS - Concerned Significant Other (CSO) In the PartnerCHESS arm, identified patient (IP) and concerned significant other (CSO) will both receive a smartphone with the PartnerCHESS app, which contains ACHESS services plus ABCT/ PartnerCHESS services. PartnerCHESS: The following ABCT services, from PartnerCHESS, will be available in the PartnerCHESS app but not in ACHESS: ABCT tutorials. Interactive e-learning modules explaining key ABCT skills. Agreements between IP and CSO to follow key principles. Trigger identification and removal. Cravings discussion. Relapse plan. Reminders.
% Days Abstinent Baseline	26.77 percentage of days abstinent Standard Deviation 3.62	28.51 percentage of days abstinent Standard Deviation 4.33	38.61 percentage of days abstinent Standard Deviation 3.67	—	—	—
% Days Abstinent 4 Months	55.59 percentage of days abstinent Standard Deviation 3.89	52.65 percentage of days abstinent Standard Deviation 4.84	61.20 percentage of days abstinent Standard Deviation 4.02	—	—	—
% Days Abstinent 8 Months	59.26 percentage of days abstinent Standard Deviation 3.97	68.24 percentage of days abstinent Standard Deviation 5.11	74.65 percentage of days abstinent Standard Deviation 3.98	—	—	—
% Days Abstinent 12 Months	65.33 percentage of days abstinent Standard Deviation 4.08	79.19 percentage of days abstinent Standard Deviation 5.14	86.59 percentage of days abstinent Standard Deviation 4.28	—	—	—

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline, 4, 8, and 12 months

Population: Romantic dyads (identified patients and concerned significant others from each arm who stated their partner was a significant other/spouse at baseline) were surveyed at baseline, 4, 8, and 12 months.

Determined by use of the Dyadic Adjustment Scale - 7 (DAS-7) which is a brief version of the 32 question Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS) and assesses the quality of marriage and similar dyads. Possible range is 0-36. Higher scores indicate more positive relationship quality. Scores less than 21 are considered to indicate a relationship in distress.