Acute Effects of Cryotherapy Duration in Healthy Individuals

NCT ID: NCT05355584

Last Updated: 2022-11-01

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

75 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2022-05-20

Study Completion Date

2022-10-31

Brief Summary

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The study will investigate the acute effects of cryotherapy duration on shoulder muscle strength, flexibility, endurance and dynamic balance in healthy individuals.

Detailed Description

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Cryotherapy is a practice that induces therapeutic effects by reducing tissue temperature to produce an analgesic effect. Cryotherapy application methods vary from simple ice packs and cold water immersion to whole body cryotherapy methods. The purpose of cryotherapy treatment is to reduce tissue damage, muscle spasm, edema and pain and to provide a faster rehabilitation process after injury. It is also used as a recovery technique after high-intensity training in different sports branches. Despite the proven benefits of cryotherapy according to the literature, discussions continue about its effect on some parameters and there is no consensus on the duration of cryotherapy application. In addition, although there are studies on the effects of cryotherapy on the lower extremities, studies for the upper extremity are limited and the results of these studies are inconsistent. In the literature, no study was found that evaluated the effect of cryotherapy application time on shoulder muscle strength, endurance, flexibility and balance. Therefore, in this study, the acute effects of cryotherapy duration on shoulder muscle strength, flexibility, endurance and dynamic balance in healthy individuals will be investigated and the optimum duration of cryotherapy on these parameters will be determined. In addition, the results of the research will contribute to the planned rehabilitation and exercise program.

Conditions

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Cryotherapy Effect

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

Individuals aged 18-25 years who volunteer to participate in the study will be included in this study and randomly assigned to 3 groups. After the demographic information of the volunteers is obtained and their dominant upper extremities are determined, the shoulder isometric muscle strength will be measured with a hand dynamometer. The back scratch test will be used to evaluate the shoulder flexibility of the participants, the modified push-up test will be used to evaluate the endurance, and the upper extremity Y balance test will be used to evaluate the shoulder dynamic balance. Then, cryotherapy will be applied on the shoulder for 10 minutes in Group 1, 15 minutes in Group 2 and 20 minutes in Group 3.After the application, the same measurements will be repeated and the values before and after the application will be compared.
Primary Study Purpose

TREATMENT

Blinding Strategy

SINGLE

Participants

Study Groups

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10-minute Cryotherapy Application

A cold application will be made on the shoulder for 10 minutes. Before and after the application, individuals will be evaluated in terms of muscle strength, flexibility, endurance and balance. The values before and after the application will be compared.

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Cryotherapy application

Intervention Type OTHER

The temperature sense test was applied on the dominant side shoulder of the participants against the risk of sensory loss or decreased sensation. In order to test cold intolerance, a cold pack was placed on the forearm of the individuals. After waiting 2-3 minutes, the region was evaluated. Individuals meeting the inclusion criteria were assigned to the groups according to the randomization list created by the computer. Then, the participants' shoulder isometric muscle strength, shoulder flexibility, shoulder endurance and shoulder balance was evaluated. Except for shoulder endurance, all measurements were repeated three times, with a 30-second rest period between each repetition. A 2-3-minute rest period was given after each test. Then, the cold pack was wrapped in a thin and wet cloth on the shoulders of the participants. The treated area was checked every 5 minutes and the participants were asked to say when they felt any unusual symptoms.

15-minute Cryotherapy Application

A cold application will be made on the shoulder for 15 minutes. Before and after the application, individuals will be evaluated in terms of muscle strength, flexibility, endurance and balance. The values before and after the application will be compared.

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Cryotherapy application

Intervention Type OTHER

The temperature sense test was applied on the dominant side shoulder of the participants against the risk of sensory loss or decreased sensation. In order to test cold intolerance, a cold pack was placed on the forearm of the individuals. After waiting 2-3 minutes, the region was evaluated. Individuals meeting the inclusion criteria were assigned to the groups according to the randomization list created by the computer. Then, the participants' shoulder isometric muscle strength, shoulder flexibility, shoulder endurance and shoulder balance was evaluated. Except for shoulder endurance, all measurements were repeated three times, with a 30-second rest period between each repetition. A 2-3-minute rest period was given after each test. Then, the cold pack was wrapped in a thin and wet cloth on the shoulders of the participants. The treated area was checked every 5 minutes and the participants were asked to say when they felt any unusual symptoms.

20-minute Cryotherapy Application

A cold application will be made on the shoulder for 20 minutes. Before and after the application, individuals will be evaluated in terms of muscle strength, flexibility, endurance and balance. The values before and after the application will be compared.

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Cryotherapy application

Intervention Type OTHER

The temperature sense test was applied on the dominant side shoulder of the participants against the risk of sensory loss or decreased sensation. In order to test cold intolerance, a cold pack was placed on the forearm of the individuals. After waiting 2-3 minutes, the region was evaluated. Individuals meeting the inclusion criteria were assigned to the groups according to the randomization list created by the computer. Then, the participants' shoulder isometric muscle strength, shoulder flexibility, shoulder endurance and shoulder balance was evaluated. Except for shoulder endurance, all measurements were repeated three times, with a 30-second rest period between each repetition. A 2-3-minute rest period was given after each test. Then, the cold pack was wrapped in a thin and wet cloth on the shoulders of the participants. The treated area was checked every 5 minutes and the participants were asked to say when they felt any unusual symptoms.

Interventions

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Cryotherapy application

The temperature sense test was applied on the dominant side shoulder of the participants against the risk of sensory loss or decreased sensation. In order to test cold intolerance, a cold pack was placed on the forearm of the individuals. After waiting 2-3 minutes, the region was evaluated. Individuals meeting the inclusion criteria were assigned to the groups according to the randomization list created by the computer. Then, the participants' shoulder isometric muscle strength, shoulder flexibility, shoulder endurance and shoulder balance was evaluated. Except for shoulder endurance, all measurements were repeated three times, with a 30-second rest period between each repetition. A 2-3-minute rest period was given after each test. Then, the cold pack was wrapped in a thin and wet cloth on the shoulders of the participants. The treated area was checked every 5 minutes and the participants were asked to say when they felt any unusual symptoms.

Intervention Type OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* Individuals between the ages of 18-25 who volunteer to participate in the study
* No upper extremity orthopedic problems
* No history of shoulder injury or surgery in the past two years
* Absence of Raynaud's disease or cold intolerance

Exclusion Criteria

* Having a history of shoulder injury or surgery
* Cervical or thoracic spine disorders
* People with any neurological disorder or known balance/proprioceptive deficits
* Decreased sensation or decreased blood flow
* Have Raynaud's disease or any cold intolerance
Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

25 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Sponsors

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Burcu Camcıoğlu Yılmaz

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Burcu Camcıoğlu Yılmaz

PT, PhD

Responsibility Role SPONSOR_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

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Burcu Camcıoğlu Yılmaz, PT,PhD

Role: STUDY_DIRECTOR

Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University

Ferhan Beril Yıldız, MSc. Student

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University

Locations

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Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University Training and Research Hospital

Muğla, Menteşe, Turkey (Türkiye)

Site Status

Countries

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Turkey (Türkiye)

References

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Algafly AA, George KP. The effect of cryotherapy on nerve conduction velocity, pain threshold and pain tolerance. Br J Sports Med. 2007 Jun;41(6):365-9; discussion 369. doi: 10.1136/bjsm.2006.031237. Epub 2007 Jan 15.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 17224445 (View on PubMed)

Swenson C, Sward L, Karlsson J. Cryotherapy in sports medicine. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 1996 Aug;6(4):193-200. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0838.1996.tb00090.x.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 8896090 (View on PubMed)

Bleakley C, McDonough S, MacAuley D. The use of ice in the treatment of acute soft-tissue injury: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Am J Sports Med. 2004 Jan-Feb;32(1):251-61. doi: 10.1177/0363546503260757.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 14754753 (View on PubMed)

Costello JT, Baker PR, Minett GM, Bieuzen F, Stewart IB, Bleakley C. Whole-body cryotherapy (extreme cold air exposure) for preventing and treating muscle soreness after exercise in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015 Sep 18;2015(9):CD010789. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD010789.pub2.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 26383887 (View on PubMed)

Bleakley CM, Costello JT, Glasgow PD. Should athletes return to sport after applying ice? A systematic review of the effect of local cooling on functional performance. Sports Med. 2012 Jan 1;42(1):69-87. doi: 10.2165/11595970-000000000-00000.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 22121908 (View on PubMed)

Rowsell GJ, Coutts AJ, Reaburn P, Hill-Haas S. Effect of post-match cold-water immersion on subsequent match running performance in junior soccer players during tournament play. J Sports Sci. 2011 Jan;29(1):1-6. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2010.512640.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 21077001 (View on PubMed)

Wilcock IM, Cronin JB, Hing WA. Water immersion: does it enhance recovery from exercise? Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2006 Sep;1(3):195-206. doi: 10.1123/ijspp.1.3.195.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 19116434 (View on PubMed)

Keith NR, Clark DO, Stump TE, Miller DK, Callahan CM. Validity and reliability of the Self-Reported Physical Fitness (SRFit) survey. J Phys Act Health. 2014 May;11(4):853-9. doi: 10.1123/jpah.2012-0264. Epub 2013 May 10.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 23676451 (View on PubMed)

Gorman PP, Butler RJ, Plisky PJ, Kiesel KB. Upper Quarter Y Balance Test: reliability and performance comparison between genders in active adults. J Strength Cond Res. 2012 Nov;26(11):3043-8. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3182472fdb.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 22228174 (View on PubMed)

Borms D, Maenhout A, Cools AM. Upper Quadrant Field Tests and Isokinetic Upper Limb Strength in Overhead Athletes. J Athl Train. 2016 Oct;51(10):789-796. doi: 10.4085/1062-6050-51.12.06. Epub 2016 Nov 11.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 27834503 (View on PubMed)

Campbell DA, Kay SP. What is cold intolerance? J Hand Surg Br. 1998 Feb;23(1):3-5. doi: 10.1016/s0266-7681(98)80207-6.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 9571469 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

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KPR2

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

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