Trial Outcomes & Findings for Impact Loading Effect on Bone Biomarkers in Female Runners (NCT NCT05341700)

NCT ID: NCT05341700

Last Updated: 2025-08-19

Results Overview

Plasma N-terminal propeptide of type 1 procollagen (PINP) was collected from fasted blood samples drawn before and after each 5-day intervention. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) were performed on all samples upon study completion.

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

NA

Target enrollment

14 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

10-minute blood draw in laboratory; samples assessed on intervention day 0 and day 6

Results posted on

2025-08-19

Participant Flow

38 individuals were screened for eligibility between August 2, 2022 and October 13, 2023 in Southwest Virginia.

14 of 38 participants were randomized. Of those not randomized, 17 did not meet inclusion criteria and 7 declined to participate.

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
RUN, Then RUN+J
Participants first completed a 5-day period of energy restriction while running on the treadmill every day (RUN). After a washout period of at least one menstrual cycle, they then completed another 5-day period of energy restriction while running on the treadmill daily in addition to completing 5 sets of 10 jumping exercises each day (RUN+J).
RUN+J, Then RUN
Participants first completed a 5-day period of energy restriction while running on the treadmill and completing 5 sets of 10 jumping exercises each day (RUN+J). After a washout period of at least one menstrual cycle, they then completed another 5-day period of energy restriction while only running on the treadmill each day (RUN).
First Intervention (5 Days)
STARTED
7
7
First Intervention (5 Days)
COMPLETED
6
7
First Intervention (5 Days)
NOT COMPLETED
1
0
Washout (One Menstrual Cycle, ~21 Days)
STARTED
6
7
Washout (One Menstrual Cycle, ~21 Days)
COMPLETED
6
5
Washout (One Menstrual Cycle, ~21 Days)
NOT COMPLETED
0
2
Second Intervention (5 Days)
STARTED
6
5
Second Intervention (5 Days)
COMPLETED
5
5
Second Intervention (5 Days)
NOT COMPLETED
1
0

Reasons for withdrawal

Withdrawal data not reported

Baseline Characteristics

Impact Loading Effect on Bone Biomarkers in Female Runners

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
RUN, Then RUN+J
n=6 Participants
Participants first completed a 5-day period of energy restriction while running on the treadmill every day (RUN). After a washout period of at least one menstrual cycle, they then completed another 5-day period of energy restriction while running on the treadmill daily in addition to completing 5 sets of 10 jumping exercises each day (RUN+J).
RUN+J, Then RUN
n=7 Participants
Participants first completed a 5-day period of energy restriction while running on the treadmill and completing 5 sets of 10 jumping exercises each day (RUN+J). After a washout period of at least one menstrual cycle, they then completed another 5-day period of energy restriction while only running on the treadmill each day (RUN).
Total
n=13 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
Age, Continuous
25.3 Years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 4.2 • n=93 Participants
26.9 Years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 3.6 • n=4 Participants
26.2 Years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 3.8 • n=27 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
6 Participants
n=93 Participants
7 Participants
n=4 Participants
13 Participants
n=27 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
0 Participants
n=93 Participants
0 Participants
n=4 Participants
0 Participants
n=27 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
American Indian or Alaska Native
0 Participants
n=93 Participants
0 Participants
n=4 Participants
0 Participants
n=27 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Asian
0 Participants
n=93 Participants
0 Participants
n=4 Participants
0 Participants
n=27 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
0 Participants
n=93 Participants
0 Participants
n=4 Participants
0 Participants
n=27 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Black or African American
1 Participants
n=93 Participants
1 Participants
n=4 Participants
2 Participants
n=27 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
White
5 Participants
n=93 Participants
5 Participants
n=4 Participants
10 Participants
n=27 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
More than one race
0 Participants
n=93 Participants
1 Participants
n=4 Participants
1 Participants
n=27 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
0 Participants
n=93 Participants
0 Participants
n=4 Participants
0 Participants
n=27 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 10-minute blood draw in laboratory; samples assessed on intervention day 0 and day 6

Population: Only participants who completed the entire intervention period were included in the analysis.

Plasma N-terminal propeptide of type 1 procollagen (PINP) was collected from fasted blood samples drawn before and after each 5-day intervention. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) were performed on all samples upon study completion.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Endurance and Jumping Exercises (RUN+J)
n=12 Participants
Participants who completed 5 days of endurance treadmill running in addition to 50 high-impact jumping exercises daily.
Endurance Exercise Only (RUN)
n=11 Participants
Participants who completed 5 days of endurance treadmill running daily without any additional impact exercise.
Change in Bone Remodeling Biomarker - N-terminal Propeptide of Type 1 Procollagen
-3.1 ng/mL
Standard Deviation 5.7
1.1 ng/mL
Standard Deviation 7.2

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 10-minute blood draw in laboratory; samples assessed on intervention day 0 and day 6

Population: Only participants who completed the entire intervention period were included in the analysis.

Serum C-terminal telopeptide of type 1 collagen (CTX) was collected from fasted blood samples drawn before and after each 5-day intervention. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) were performed on all samples upon study completion.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Endurance and Jumping Exercises (RUN+J)
n=12 Participants
Participants who completed 5 days of endurance treadmill running in addition to 50 high-impact jumping exercises daily.
Endurance Exercise Only (RUN)
n=11 Participants
Participants who completed 5 days of endurance treadmill running daily without any additional impact exercise.
Change in Bone Remodeling Biomarker - C-terminal Telopeptide of Type 1 Collagen (CTX)
0.04 ng/mL
Standard Deviation 0.09
0.04 ng/mL
Standard Deviation 0.12

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 10-minute blood draw in laboratory; samples assessed on intervention day 0 and day 6

Population: Only participants who completed the entire intervention period were included in the analysis.

Parathyroid hormone levels were measured from fasted blood samples collected before and after each 5-day intervention. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) were performed on all samples upon study completion.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Endurance and Jumping Exercises (RUN+J)
n=12 Participants
Participants who completed 5 days of endurance treadmill running in addition to 50 high-impact jumping exercises daily.
Endurance Exercise Only (RUN)
n=11 Participants
Participants who completed 5 days of endurance treadmill running daily without any additional impact exercise.
Change in Blood Metabolic Marker - Parathyroid Hormone
3.3 pg/mL
Standard Deviation 6.1
-1.0 pg/mL
Standard Deviation 11.8

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 10-minute blood draw in laboratory; samples assessed on intervention day 0 and day 6

Population: Only participants who completed the entire intervention period were included in the analysis.

Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF1) concentration was measured from fasted blood samples collected before and after each 5-day intervention. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) were performed on all samples upon study completion.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Endurance and Jumping Exercises (RUN+J)
n=12 Participants
Participants who completed 5 days of endurance treadmill running in addition to 50 high-impact jumping exercises daily.
Endurance Exercise Only (RUN)
n=11 Participants
Participants who completed 5 days of endurance treadmill running daily without any additional impact exercise.
Change in Blood Metabolic Marker - Insulin-like Growth Factor-1
-11.4 ng/mL
Standard Deviation 10.3
-8.0 ng/mL
Standard Deviation 6.3

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 10-minute blood draw in laboratory; samples assessed on intervention day 0 and day 6

Population: Only participants who completed the entire intervention period were included in the analysis.

Fasted serum ferritin was measured before and after each 5-day intervention period.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Endurance and Jumping Exercises (RUN+J)
n=12 Participants
Participants who completed 5 days of endurance treadmill running in addition to 50 high-impact jumping exercises daily.
Endurance Exercise Only (RUN)
n=11 Participants
Participants who completed 5 days of endurance treadmill running daily without any additional impact exercise.
Change in Ferritin
4.1 ng/mL
Standard Deviation 11.3
11.4 ng/mL
Standard Deviation 11.5

Adverse Events

Endurance and Jumping Exercise (RUN+J)

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Endurance Exercise Only (RUN)

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Other adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Additional Information

Dr. Enette Larson-Meyer

Virginia Tech

Phone: 5402311025

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
  • Publication restrictions are in place