Trial Outcomes & Findings for Restrictive Versus Liberal Rate of Extracorporeal Volume Removal Evaluation in Acute Kidney Injury (NCT NCT05306964)

Results Overview

A minimum separation of 0.53-0.57 mL/kg/h in mean delivered UFnet rates between the two intervention arms.

Recruitment status

TERMINATED

Study phase

NA

Target enrollment

99 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

Until the end of continuous kidney replacement therapy or day 28, whichever occurs first.

Results posted on

2025-08-29

Participant Flow

RELIEVE AKI is a multicenter, prospective randomized controlled trial. This study enrolled 99 patients into the study between July 5, 2022 - June 17, 2024 at UPMC and Mayo Clinic hospitals.

For this study, time of signing the informed consent will be the study enrollment time. There is no patient-level randomization in this trial. The randomization is at the ICU-level and based on study period of every two months.

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure	Sequence 1 (ICU-1) 22 months of Liberal UFnet strategy followed by 1 month of Restrictive UFnet strategy.	Sequence 2 (ICU-2) 20 months of Liberal UFnet strategy followed by 3 months of Restrictive UFnet strategy.	Sequence 3 (ICU-3) 14 months of Liberal UFnet strategy and 9 months of Restrictive UFnet strategy.	Sequence 4 (ICU-4) 8 months of Liberal UFnet strategy and 15 months of Restrictive UFnet strategy.	Sequence 5 (ICU-5) 23 months of Liberal UFnet strategy and 0 months of Restrictive UFnet strategy.	Sequence 6 (ICU-6) 12 months of Liberal UFnet strategy and 11 months of Restrictive UFnet strategy.	Sequence 7 (ICU-7) 18 months of Liberal UFnet strategy and 5 months of Restrictive UFnet strategy.	Sequence 8 (ICU-8) 6 months of Liberal UFnet strategy and 17 months of Restrictive UFnet strategy.	Sequence 9 (ICU-9) 10 months of Liberal UFnet strategy and 13 months of Restrictive UFnet strategy.	Sequence 10 (ICU-10) 16 months of Liberal UFnet strategy and 7 months of Restrictive UFnet strategy.
Step 1: Months 1-6 STARTED	2	0	2	1	0	1	3	2	0	0
Step 1: Months 1-6 COMPLETED	2	0	2	1	0	1	3	2	0	0
Step 1: Months 1-6 NOT COMPLETED	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Step 2: Months 7-8 STARTED	0	0	1	0	1	1	1	1	3	0
Step 2: Months 7-8 COMPLETED	0	0	1	0	1	1	1	1	3	0
Step 2: Months 7-8 NOT COMPLETED	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Step 3: Months 9-10 STARTED	1	1	0	1	2	4	3	0	1	2
Step 3: Months 9-10 COMPLETED	1	1	0	1	2	4	3	0	1	2
Step 3: Months 9-10 NOT COMPLETED	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Step 4: Months 11-12 STARTED	3	0	2	1	0	1	1	1	3	2
Step 4: Months 11-12 COMPLETED	3	0	2	1	0	1	1	1	3	2
Step 4: Months 11-12 NOT COMPLETED	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Step 5: Months 13-14 STARTED	2	0	1	0	0	1	3	1	1	0
Step 5: Months 13-14 COMPLETED	2	0	1	0	0	1	3	1	1	0
Step 5: Months 13-14 NOT COMPLETED	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Step 6: Months 15-16 STARTED	1	0	1	0	0	3	1	1	1	2
Step 6: Months 15-16 COMPLETED	1	0	1	0	0	3	1	1	1	2
Step 6: Months 15-16 NOT COMPLETED	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Step 7: Months 17-18 STARTED	1	1	0	0	0	3	1	2	2	0
Step 7: Months 17-18 COMPLETED	1	1	0	0	0	3	1	2	2	0
Step 7: Months 17-18 NOT COMPLETED	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Step 8: Months 19-20 STARTED	0	1	0	0	0	0	1	0	5	2
Step 8: Months 19-20 COMPLETED	0	1	0	0	0	0	1	0	5	2
Step 8: Months 19-20 NOT COMPLETED	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Step 9: Months 21- 22 STARTED	1	0	2	0	0	0	2	0	3	1
Step 9: Months 21- 22 COMPLETED	1	0	2	0	0	0	2	0	3	1
Step 9: Months 21- 22 NOT COMPLETED	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Step 10: Month 23 STARTED	1	0	1	1	0	0	0	1	0	0
Step 10: Month 23 COMPLETED	1	0	1	1	0	0	0	1	0	0
Step 10: Month 23 NOT COMPLETED	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0

Reasons for withdrawal

Withdrawal data not reported

Baseline Characteristics

Restrictive Versus Liberal Rate of Extracorporeal Volume Removal Evaluation in Acute Kidney Injury

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure	Restrictive UFnet Strategy n=41 Participants Fluid removal will be titrated to keep net ultrafiltration rate between 0.5-1.5 mL/kg/h Restrictive UFnet Rate Strategy: In the restrictive group, the UFnet rate will be titrated between 0.5-1.5 mL/kg/h and maintained throughout fluid removal.	Liberal UFnet Strategy n=54 Participants Fluid removal will be titrated to keep net ultrafiltration rate between 2.0-5.0 mL/kg/h Liberal UFnet Rate Strategy: In the liberal group, the UFnet rate will be titrated between 2.0-5.0 mL/kg/h and maintained throughout fluid removal.	Total n=95 Participants Total of all reporting groups
Age, Continuous	63 years n=5 Participants	59 years n=7 Participants	59 years n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male Female	15 Participants n=5 Participants	23 Participants n=7 Participants	38 Participants n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male Male	26 Participants n=5 Participants	31 Participants n=7 Participants	57 Participants n=5 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Hispanic or Latino	1 Participants n=5 Participants	2 Participants n=7 Participants	3 Participants n=5 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Not Hispanic or Latino	39 Participants n=5 Participants	50 Participants n=7 Participants	89 Participants n=5 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported	1 Participants n=5 Participants	2 Participants n=7 Participants	3 Participants n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) American Indian or Alaska Native	0 Participants n=5 Participants	0 Participants n=7 Participants	0 Participants n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) Asian	0 Participants n=5 Participants	0 Participants n=7 Participants	0 Participants n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander	0 Participants n=5 Participants	0 Participants n=7 Participants	0 Participants n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) Black or African American	3 Participants n=5 Participants	3 Participants n=7 Participants	6 Participants n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) White	37 Participants n=5 Participants	49 Participants n=7 Participants	86 Participants n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) More than one race	0 Participants n=5 Participants	1 Participants n=7 Participants	1 Participants n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported	1 Participants n=5 Participants	1 Participants n=7 Participants	2 Participants n=5 Participants
Region of Enrollment United States	41 Participants n=5 Participants	54 Participants n=7 Participants	95 Participants n=5 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Until the end of continuous kidney replacement therapy or day 28, whichever occurs first.

Population: The primary outcome was assessed among participants assigned to the Liberal and Restrictive UFnet strategies. Even though the unit of randomization is the ICU, the outcomes were assessed only among participants.

A minimum separation of 0.53-0.57 mL/kg/h in mean delivered UFnet rates between the two intervention arms.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Restrictive UFnet Strategy n=41 Participants Fluid removal will be titrated to keep net ultrafiltration rate between 0.5-1.5 mL/kg/h Restrictive UFnet Rate Strategy: In the restrictive group, the UFnet rate will be titrated between 0.5-1.5 mL/kg/h and maintained throughout fluid removal.	Liberal UFnet Strategy n=54 Participants Fluid removal will be titrated to keep net ultrafiltration rate between 2.0-5.0 mL/kg/h Liberal UFnet Rate Strategy: In the liberal group, the UFnet rate will be titrated between 2.0-5.0 mL/kg/h and maintained throughout fluid removal.
Delivered UFnet Rates.	1.48 mL/kg/h Interval 1.0 to 1.94	1.57 mL/kg/h Interval 0.93 to 2.17

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Until the end of continuous kidney replacement therapy or day 28, whichever occurs first.

Population: The primary outcome was assessed among participants assigned to the Liberal and Restrictive UFnet strategies. Even though the unit of randomization is the ICU, the outcomes were assessed only among participants.

Protocol deviation defined as delivered UFnet rate that lies \>0.5 mL/kg/h outside of the target UFnet rate range for greater than six consecutive hours.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Restrictive UFnet Strategy n=41 Participants Fluid removal will be titrated to keep net ultrafiltration rate between 0.5-1.5 mL/kg/h Restrictive UFnet Rate Strategy: In the restrictive group, the UFnet rate will be titrated between 0.5-1.5 mL/kg/h and maintained throughout fluid removal.	Liberal UFnet Strategy n=54 Participants Fluid removal will be titrated to keep net ultrafiltration rate between 2.0-5.0 mL/kg/h Liberal UFnet Rate Strategy: In the liberal group, the UFnet rate will be titrated between 2.0-5.0 mL/kg/h and maintained throughout fluid removal.
No. of Participants With Protocol Deviation.	4 Participants	5 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 24 months

Population: Participant recruitment rate per ICU per 2 months during an overall recruitment period lasting 24 months across both treatment arms.

An enrollment rate of 1 patient per ICU per time period.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Restrictive UFnet Strategy n=10 ICUs Fluid removal will be titrated to keep net ultrafiltration rate between 0.5-1.5 mL/kg/h Restrictive UFnet Rate Strategy: In the restrictive group, the UFnet rate will be titrated between 0.5-1.5 mL/kg/h and maintained throughout fluid removal.	Liberal UFnet Strategy n=9 ICUs Fluid removal will be titrated to keep net ultrafiltration rate between 2.0-5.0 mL/kg/h Liberal UFnet Rate Strategy: In the liberal group, the UFnet rate will be titrated between 2.0-5.0 mL/kg/h and maintained throughout fluid removal.
Participant Recruitment/ICU/ 2 Months	2.33 participant/ ICU/ 2 months Standard Deviation 2.11	1.79 participant/ ICU/ 2 months Standard Deviation 1.88

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Average daily fluid balance from enrollment to ICU discharge or until day 28, whichever occurs first.

Population: The outcome measure is the average of daily fluid balance (i.e., fluid input minus output over 24 hours) while the patient stayed in the ICU and was compared between the two groups.

Patient daily fluid balance will be measured while on continuous kidney replacement therapy and reported as average across all study days.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Restrictive UFnet Strategy n=41 Participants Fluid removal will be titrated to keep net ultrafiltration rate between 0.5-1.5 mL/kg/h Restrictive UFnet Rate Strategy: In the restrictive group, the UFnet rate will be titrated between 0.5-1.5 mL/kg/h and maintained throughout fluid removal.	Liberal UFnet Strategy n=54 Participants Fluid removal will be titrated to keep net ultrafiltration rate between 2.0-5.0 mL/kg/h Liberal UFnet Rate Strategy: In the liberal group, the UFnet rate will be titrated between 2.0-5.0 mL/kg/h and maintained throughout fluid removal.
Daily Fluid Balance (Average)	44 mL Interval -1187.0 to 1202.2	-53 mL Interval -1119.6 to 937.3

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Daily from enrollment to ICU discharge or until day 28, whichever occurs first.

Population: This is the cumulative fluid balance (i.e., cumulative fluid input minus output for all days a patient was in the ICU) and was compared between the two groups.

Patient cumulative fluid balance will be measured while on continuous kidney replacement therapy.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Restrictive UFnet Strategy n=41 Participants Fluid removal will be titrated to keep net ultrafiltration rate between 0.5-1.5 mL/kg/h Restrictive UFnet Rate Strategy: In the restrictive group, the UFnet rate will be titrated between 0.5-1.5 mL/kg/h and maintained throughout fluid removal.	Liberal UFnet Strategy n=54 Participants Fluid removal will be titrated to keep net ultrafiltration rate between 2.0-5.0 mL/kg/h Liberal UFnet Rate Strategy: In the liberal group, the UFnet rate will be titrated between 2.0-5.0 mL/kg/h and maintained throughout fluid removal.
Cumulative Fluid Balance	229 mL Interval -5983.0 to 7030.8	1280.1 mL Interval -7390.8 to 6060.4

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Daily from enrollment to hospital discharge or until day 28, whichever occurs first.

Population: The secondary outcome was compared among participants assigned to the two groups.

The number of days the patient received kidney replacement therapy while in the hospital.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Restrictive UFnet Strategy n=41 Participants Fluid removal will be titrated to keep net ultrafiltration rate between 0.5-1.5 mL/kg/h Restrictive UFnet Rate Strategy: In the restrictive group, the UFnet rate will be titrated between 0.5-1.5 mL/kg/h and maintained throughout fluid removal.	Liberal UFnet Strategy n=54 Participants Fluid removal will be titrated to keep net ultrafiltration rate between 2.0-5.0 mL/kg/h Liberal UFnet Rate Strategy: In the liberal group, the UFnet rate will be titrated between 2.0-5.0 mL/kg/h and maintained throughout fluid removal.
Duration of Kidney Replacement Therapy	7 days Interval 4.0 to 17.0	5 days Interval 2.0 to 11.0

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Daily from study enrollment to ICU discharge or until day 28, whichever occurs first.

Population: The secondary outcome was compared among participants assigned to the two groups.

The number of days the patient received mechanical ventilation while in hospital.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Restrictive UFnet Strategy n=41 Participants Fluid removal will be titrated to keep net ultrafiltration rate between 0.5-1.5 mL/kg/h Restrictive UFnet Rate Strategy: In the restrictive group, the UFnet rate will be titrated between 0.5-1.5 mL/kg/h and maintained throughout fluid removal.	Liberal UFnet Strategy n=54 Participants Fluid removal will be titrated to keep net ultrafiltration rate between 2.0-5.0 mL/kg/h Liberal UFnet Rate Strategy: In the liberal group, the UFnet rate will be titrated between 2.0-5.0 mL/kg/h and maintained throughout fluid removal.
Duration of Mechanical Ventilation	2 days Interval 0.0 to 6.0	3 days Interval 0.0 to 7.0

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Daily from study enrollment to ICU discharge or until day 28, whichever occurs first.

Population: The secondary outcome was compared among participants assigned to the two groups.

The no. of days the patient remained free of organ failure while in the ICU.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Restrictive UFnet Strategy n=41 Participants Fluid removal will be titrated to keep net ultrafiltration rate between 0.5-1.5 mL/kg/h Restrictive UFnet Rate Strategy: In the restrictive group, the UFnet rate will be titrated between 0.5-1.5 mL/kg/h and maintained throughout fluid removal.	Liberal UFnet Strategy n=54 Participants Fluid removal will be titrated to keep net ultrafiltration rate between 2.0-5.0 mL/kg/h Liberal UFnet Rate Strategy: In the liberal group, the UFnet rate will be titrated between 2.0-5.0 mL/kg/h and maintained throughout fluid removal.
Organ Failure Free Days	3.90 days Standard Deviation 8.5	3.92 days Standard Deviation 7.9

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Daily from study enrollment to ICU discharge or day 28, whichever occurs first.

Population: The secondary outcome was compared among participants assigned to the two groups.

The number of days patients need to stay in the ICU

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Restrictive UFnet Strategy n=41 Participants Fluid removal will be titrated to keep net ultrafiltration rate between 0.5-1.5 mL/kg/h Restrictive UFnet Rate Strategy: In the restrictive group, the UFnet rate will be titrated between 0.5-1.5 mL/kg/h and maintained throughout fluid removal.	Liberal UFnet Strategy n=54 Participants Fluid removal will be titrated to keep net ultrafiltration rate between 2.0-5.0 mL/kg/h Liberal UFnet Rate Strategy: In the liberal group, the UFnet rate will be titrated between 2.0-5.0 mL/kg/h and maintained throughout fluid removal.
ICU Length of Stay	8 days Interval 4.5 to 15.5	8 days Interval 4.0 to 16.0

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Daily from study enrollment to hospital discharge or day 28.

Population: The secondary outcome was compared among participants assigned to the two groups.

The number of days patients need to stay in the hospital

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Restrictive UFnet Strategy n=41 Participants Fluid removal will be titrated to keep net ultrafiltration rate between 0.5-1.5 mL/kg/h Restrictive UFnet Rate Strategy: In the restrictive group, the UFnet rate will be titrated between 0.5-1.5 mL/kg/h and maintained throughout fluid removal.	Liberal UFnet Strategy n=54 Participants Fluid removal will be titrated to keep net ultrafiltration rate between 2.0-5.0 mL/kg/h Liberal UFnet Rate Strategy: In the liberal group, the UFnet rate will be titrated between 2.0-5.0 mL/kg/h and maintained throughout fluid removal.
Hospital Length of Stay	22.5 days Interval 9.0 to 28.0	16 days Interval 5.0 to 28.0

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: From study enrollment to hospital discharge or day 28, whichever occurs first.

Population: The secondary outcome was compared among participants assigned to the two groups.

The proportion of patients who died while in the hospital.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Restrictive UFnet Strategy n=41 Participants Fluid removal will be titrated to keep net ultrafiltration rate between 0.5-1.5 mL/kg/h Restrictive UFnet Rate Strategy: In the restrictive group, the UFnet rate will be titrated between 0.5-1.5 mL/kg/h and maintained throughout fluid removal.	Liberal UFnet Strategy n=54 Participants Fluid removal will be titrated to keep net ultrafiltration rate between 2.0-5.0 mL/kg/h Liberal UFnet Rate Strategy: In the liberal group, the UFnet rate will be titrated between 2.0-5.0 mL/kg/h and maintained throughout fluid removal.
Hospital Mortality	9 Participants	23 Participants

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: From study enrollment until hospital discharge or day 28, whichever occurs first.

Population: The secondary outcome was compared among participants assigned to the two groups.

The proportion of patients who were on dialysis at hospital discharge.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Restrictive UFnet Strategy n=41 Participants Fluid removal will be titrated to keep net ultrafiltration rate between 0.5-1.5 mL/kg/h Restrictive UFnet Rate Strategy: In the restrictive group, the UFnet rate will be titrated between 0.5-1.5 mL/kg/h and maintained throughout fluid removal.	Liberal UFnet Strategy n=54 Participants Fluid removal will be titrated to keep net ultrafiltration rate between 2.0-5.0 mL/kg/h Liberal UFnet Rate Strategy: In the liberal group, the UFnet rate will be titrated between 2.0-5.0 mL/kg/h and maintained throughout fluid removal.
Dependence on Kidney Replacement Therapy	16 Participants	12 Participants

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: From study enrollment until 24 hours after termination of continuous kidney replacement therapy or day 28, whichever occurs first.

Population: The adverse events were compared among participants assigned to the two groups.

Intradialytic hypotension will be defined as a new mean arterial pressure \<65 mmHg, systolic blood pressure \<90 mmHg or a decline in systolic blood pressure \>40 mmHg, and/or a \>30% increase in dose of existing vasopressors, initiating a new vasopressor, or administration of fluid bolus with a goal to maintain mean arterial pressure \>=65 mmHg, systolic blood pressure \>=90 mmHg.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Restrictive UFnet Strategy n=41 Participants Fluid removal will be titrated to keep net ultrafiltration rate between 0.5-1.5 mL/kg/h Restrictive UFnet Rate Strategy: In the restrictive group, the UFnet rate will be titrated between 0.5-1.5 mL/kg/h and maintained throughout fluid removal.	Liberal UFnet Strategy n=54 Participants Fluid removal will be titrated to keep net ultrafiltration rate between 2.0-5.0 mL/kg/h Liberal UFnet Rate Strategy: In the liberal group, the UFnet rate will be titrated between 2.0-5.0 mL/kg/h and maintained throughout fluid removal.
No. of Intradialytic Hypotension Episodes	1.16 episodes per patient per day Standard Deviation 0.34	1.20 episodes per patient per day Standard Deviation 0.56

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: From study enrollment until 24 hours after termination of continuous kidney replacement therapy or day 28.

Population: The adverse events were compared among participants assigned to the two groups.

Intradialytic hypertension will be defined as new onset systolic blood pressure \>=160 mmHg or mean arterial pressure \>=80 mmHg for more than 1 hour in the absence of any vasopressor or inotrope use.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Restrictive UFnet Strategy n=41 Participants Fluid removal will be titrated to keep net ultrafiltration rate between 0.5-1.5 mL/kg/h Restrictive UFnet Rate Strategy: In the restrictive group, the UFnet rate will be titrated between 0.5-1.5 mL/kg/h and maintained throughout fluid removal.	Liberal UFnet Strategy n=54 Participants Fluid removal will be titrated to keep net ultrafiltration rate between 2.0-5.0 mL/kg/h Liberal UFnet Rate Strategy: In the liberal group, the UFnet rate will be titrated between 2.0-5.0 mL/kg/h and maintained throughout fluid removal.
No. of Intradialytic Hypertension Episodes	1 episodes per patient per day Standard Deviation 0	1.05 episodes per patient per day Standard Deviation 0.32

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: From study enrollment until 24 hours after termination of continuous kidney replacement therapy or day 28, whichever occurs first.

Population: The adverse events were compared among participants assigned to the two groups.

New onset intradialytic cardiac arrhythmias including supraventricular tachycardia, bradycardia, atrial fibrillation, ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation, asystole/pulseless electrical activity will be diagnosed as per American Heart Association.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Restrictive UFnet Strategy n=41 Participants Fluid removal will be titrated to keep net ultrafiltration rate between 0.5-1.5 mL/kg/h Restrictive UFnet Rate Strategy: In the restrictive group, the UFnet rate will be titrated between 0.5-1.5 mL/kg/h and maintained throughout fluid removal.	Liberal UFnet Strategy n=54 Participants Fluid removal will be titrated to keep net ultrafiltration rate between 2.0-5.0 mL/kg/h Liberal UFnet Rate Strategy: In the liberal group, the UFnet rate will be titrated between 2.0-5.0 mL/kg/h and maintained throughout fluid removal.
No. of Episodes of Intradialytic Cardiac Arrhythmias	0.83 episodes per patient per day Standard Deviation 0.29	0.92 episodes per patient per day Standard Deviation 0.47

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: From study enrollment until 24 hours after termination of continuous kidney replacement therapy or day 28, whichever occurs first.

Population: The adverse events were compared among participants assigned to the two groups.

No. of participants in whom emergent use of UFnet rates higher than the assigned treatment arm for more than 3 consecutive hours will be noted.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Restrictive UFnet Strategy n=41 Participants Fluid removal will be titrated to keep net ultrafiltration rate between 0.5-1.5 mL/kg/h Restrictive UFnet Rate Strategy: In the restrictive group, the UFnet rate will be titrated between 0.5-1.5 mL/kg/h and maintained throughout fluid removal.	Liberal UFnet Strategy n=54 Participants Fluid removal will be titrated to keep net ultrafiltration rate between 2.0-5.0 mL/kg/h Liberal UFnet Rate Strategy: In the liberal group, the UFnet rate will be titrated between 2.0-5.0 mL/kg/h and maintained throughout fluid removal.
No. of Participants Who Receive UFnet Rates Higher Than the Assigned Intervention Arm for Treatment of Fluid Overload Emergencies.	27 Participants	8 Participants

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: From study enrollment until 24 hours after termination of continuous kidney replacement therapy or day 28, whichever occurs first.

Population: The adverse events were compared among participants assigned to the two groups.

Hypophosphatemia defined by serum phosphate \<0.5 mg/dL

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Restrictive UFnet Strategy n=41 Participants Fluid removal will be titrated to keep net ultrafiltration rate between 0.5-1.5 mL/kg/h Restrictive UFnet Rate Strategy: In the restrictive group, the UFnet rate will be titrated between 0.5-1.5 mL/kg/h and maintained throughout fluid removal.	Liberal UFnet Strategy n=54 Participants Fluid removal will be titrated to keep net ultrafiltration rate between 2.0-5.0 mL/kg/h Liberal UFnet Rate Strategy: In the liberal group, the UFnet rate will be titrated between 2.0-5.0 mL/kg/h and maintained throughout fluid removal.
No. of Participants With Severe Hypophosphatemia	0 Participants	0 Participants

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: From study enrollment until 24 hours after termination of continuous kidney replacement therapy or day 28, whichever occurs first.

Population: The adverse events were compared among participants assigned to the two groups.

Hypokalemia defined by serum potassium \<3.0 mg/dL

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Restrictive UFnet Strategy n=41 Participants Fluid removal will be titrated to keep net ultrafiltration rate between 0.5-1.5 mL/kg/h Restrictive UFnet Rate Strategy: In the restrictive group, the UFnet rate will be titrated between 0.5-1.5 mL/kg/h and maintained throughout fluid removal.	Liberal UFnet Strategy n=54 Participants Fluid removal will be titrated to keep net ultrafiltration rate between 2.0-5.0 mL/kg/h Liberal UFnet Rate Strategy: In the liberal group, the UFnet rate will be titrated between 2.0-5.0 mL/kg/h and maintained throughout fluid removal.
No. of Participants With Severe Hypokalemia	1 Participants	0 Participants

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: From study enrollment until 24 hours after termination of continuous kidney replacement therapy or day 28, whichever occurs first.

Population: The adverse events were compared among participants assigned to the two groups.

Hypocalcemia defined by serum calcium \<1.90 mg/dL or ionized calcium \<0.90 mmol/L

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Restrictive UFnet Strategy n=41 Participants Fluid removal will be titrated to keep net ultrafiltration rate between 0.5-1.5 mL/kg/h Restrictive UFnet Rate Strategy: In the restrictive group, the UFnet rate will be titrated between 0.5-1.5 mL/kg/h and maintained throughout fluid removal.	Liberal UFnet Strategy n=54 Participants Fluid removal will be titrated to keep net ultrafiltration rate between 2.0-5.0 mL/kg/h Liberal UFnet Rate Strategy: In the liberal group, the UFnet rate will be titrated between 2.0-5.0 mL/kg/h and maintained throughout fluid removal.
No. of Participants With Severe Hypocalcemia	1 Participants	1 Participants

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: From study enrollment until termination of continuous kidney replacement therapy or day 28, whichever occurs first.

Population: The adverse events were compared among participants assigned to the two groups.

Stopping of CKRT system due to filter clotting and/or clogging.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Restrictive UFnet Strategy n=41 Participants Fluid removal will be titrated to keep net ultrafiltration rate between 0.5-1.5 mL/kg/h Restrictive UFnet Rate Strategy: In the restrictive group, the UFnet rate will be titrated between 0.5-1.5 mL/kg/h and maintained throughout fluid removal.	Liberal UFnet Strategy n=54 Participants Fluid removal will be titrated to keep net ultrafiltration rate between 2.0-5.0 mL/kg/h Liberal UFnet Rate Strategy: In the liberal group, the UFnet rate will be titrated between 2.0-5.0 mL/kg/h and maintained throughout fluid removal.
No. of Episodes of Stopping of CKRT System Due to Hemofilter Clotting or Clogging.	34 Number of episodes	39 Number of episodes

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: From study enrollment until termination of continuous kidney replacement therapy or day 28, whichever occurs first.

Population: The adverse events were compared among participants assigned to the two groups.

No. of participants in whom fluid removal is stopped due to hemodynamic instability such as intradialytic hypotension, cardiac arrhythmias, or cardiac arrest.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Restrictive UFnet Strategy n=41 Participants Fluid removal will be titrated to keep net ultrafiltration rate between 0.5-1.5 mL/kg/h Restrictive UFnet Rate Strategy: In the restrictive group, the UFnet rate will be titrated between 0.5-1.5 mL/kg/h and maintained throughout fluid removal.	Liberal UFnet Strategy n=54 Participants Fluid removal will be titrated to keep net ultrafiltration rate between 2.0-5.0 mL/kg/h Liberal UFnet Rate Strategy: In the liberal group, the UFnet rate will be titrated between 2.0-5.0 mL/kg/h and maintained throughout fluid removal.
No. of Participants With Discontinuation of Fluid Removal Due to Hemodynamic Instability.	21 Participants	24 Participants

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: From study enrollment until 24 hours after termination of continuous kidney replacement therapy or day 28, whichever occurs first.

Population: The adverse events were compared among participants assigned to the two groups.

This will be determined as per the primary surgeon. Abdominal wounds left open for a second look or for abdominal re-exploration will not be counted unless there is concurrent tissue edema precluding abdominal closure.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Restrictive UFnet Strategy n=41 Participants Fluid removal will be titrated to keep net ultrafiltration rate between 0.5-1.5 mL/kg/h Restrictive UFnet Rate Strategy: In the restrictive group, the UFnet rate will be titrated between 0.5-1.5 mL/kg/h and maintained throughout fluid removal.	Liberal UFnet Strategy n=54 Participants Fluid removal will be titrated to keep net ultrafiltration rate between 2.0-5.0 mL/kg/h Liberal UFnet Rate Strategy: In the liberal group, the UFnet rate will be titrated between 2.0-5.0 mL/kg/h and maintained throughout fluid removal.
No. of Participants in Whom Surgical Wounds Are Left Open After Surgery Due to Tissue Edema.	0 Participants	0 Participants

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: From study enrollment until 24 hours after termination of continuous kidney replacement therapy or day 28, whichever occurs first.

Population: The adverse events were compared among participants assigned to the two groups.

New organ dysfunction will be assessed by changes in SOFA scores from the baseline across the five organ systems of central nervous system, cardiovascular, respiratory, coagulation, and liver.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Restrictive UFnet Strategy n=41 Participants Fluid removal will be titrated to keep net ultrafiltration rate between 0.5-1.5 mL/kg/h Restrictive UFnet Rate Strategy: In the restrictive group, the UFnet rate will be titrated between 0.5-1.5 mL/kg/h and maintained throughout fluid removal.	Liberal UFnet Strategy n=54 Participants Fluid removal will be titrated to keep net ultrafiltration rate between 2.0-5.0 mL/kg/h Liberal UFnet Rate Strategy: In the liberal group, the UFnet rate will be titrated between 2.0-5.0 mL/kg/h and maintained throughout fluid removal.
No. of Participants With New Organ Dysfunction as Assessed by Change in Sequential Organ Failure Assessement (SOFA) Scoring System From Baseline.	19 Participants	33 Participants

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: From study enrollment until 24 hours after termination of continuous kidney replacement therapy or day 28, whichever occurs first.

Population: The adverse events were compared among participants assigned to the two groups.

Changes in transthoracic echocardiogram will be assessed from baseline (if available)

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Restrictive UFnet Strategy n=41 Participants Fluid removal will be titrated to keep net ultrafiltration rate between 0.5-1.5 mL/kg/h Restrictive UFnet Rate Strategy: In the restrictive group, the UFnet rate will be titrated between 0.5-1.5 mL/kg/h and maintained throughout fluid removal.	Liberal UFnet Strategy n=54 Participants Fluid removal will be titrated to keep net ultrafiltration rate between 2.0-5.0 mL/kg/h Liberal UFnet Rate Strategy: In the liberal group, the UFnet rate will be titrated between 2.0-5.0 mL/kg/h and maintained throughout fluid removal.
No. of Participants With Worsening of Systolic or Diastolic Cardiac Function on Echocardiogram From Baseline.	0 Participants	0 Participants

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: From study enrollment until 24 hours after termination of continuous kidney replacement therapy or day 28, whichever occurs first.

Population: The adverse events were compared among participants assigned to the two groups.

Changes in chest X ray and CT scan will be assessed from baseline (if available).

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Restrictive UFnet Strategy n=41 Participants Fluid removal will be titrated to keep net ultrafiltration rate between 0.5-1.5 mL/kg/h Restrictive UFnet Rate Strategy: In the restrictive group, the UFnet rate will be titrated between 0.5-1.5 mL/kg/h and maintained throughout fluid removal.	Liberal UFnet Strategy n=54 Participants Fluid removal will be titrated to keep net ultrafiltration rate between 2.0-5.0 mL/kg/h Liberal UFnet Rate Strategy: In the liberal group, the UFnet rate will be titrated between 2.0-5.0 mL/kg/h and maintained throughout fluid removal.
No. of Participants With Worsening of Pulmonary Edema on Chest X Ray and/or CT Scan Based on Radiologist Report.	4 Participants	6 Participants

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: From study enrollment until 24 hours after termination of continuous kidney replacement therapy or day 28, whichever occurs first.

Population: The adverse events were compared among participants assigned to the two groups.

Changes in abdominal X ray and CT scan will be assessed from baseline (if available)

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Restrictive UFnet Strategy n=41 Participants Fluid removal will be titrated to keep net ultrafiltration rate between 0.5-1.5 mL/kg/h Restrictive UFnet Rate Strategy: In the restrictive group, the UFnet rate will be titrated between 0.5-1.5 mL/kg/h and maintained throughout fluid removal.	Liberal UFnet Strategy n=54 Participants Fluid removal will be titrated to keep net ultrafiltration rate between 2.0-5.0 mL/kg/h Liberal UFnet Rate Strategy: In the liberal group, the UFnet rate will be titrated between 2.0-5.0 mL/kg/h and maintained throughout fluid removal.
No. of Participants With Worsening of Ileus on Abdominal X Ray and/or CT Scan Based on Radiologist Report.	0 Participants	0 Participants

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: From study enrollment until 24 hours after termination of continuous kidney replacement therapy or day 28, whichever occurs first.

Population: The adverse events were compared among participants assigned to the two groups.

Intraoperative findings of bowel ischemia or anastomotic breakdown will be noted as determined by the surgeon (if available).

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Restrictive UFnet Strategy n=41 Participants Fluid removal will be titrated to keep net ultrafiltration rate between 0.5-1.5 mL/kg/h Restrictive UFnet Rate Strategy: In the restrictive group, the UFnet rate will be titrated between 0.5-1.5 mL/kg/h and maintained throughout fluid removal.	Liberal UFnet Strategy n=54 Participants Fluid removal will be titrated to keep net ultrafiltration rate between 2.0-5.0 mL/kg/h Liberal UFnet Rate Strategy: In the liberal group, the UFnet rate will be titrated between 2.0-5.0 mL/kg/h and maintained throughout fluid removal.
No. of Participants With Bowel Ischemia or Anastomotic Breakdown Based on Intraoperative Findings.	1 Participants	1 Participants

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: From study enrollment until 24 hours after termination of continuous kidney replacement therapy or day 28, whichever occurs first.

Population: The adverse events were compared among participants assigned to the two groups.

No. of participants with new diagnosis of pressure ulcerations as documented by the nursing staff in the electronic medical record (if available)

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Restrictive UFnet Strategy n=41 Participants Fluid removal will be titrated to keep net ultrafiltration rate between 0.5-1.5 mL/kg/h Restrictive UFnet Rate Strategy: In the restrictive group, the UFnet rate will be titrated between 0.5-1.5 mL/kg/h and maintained throughout fluid removal.	Liberal UFnet Strategy n=54 Participants Fluid removal will be titrated to keep net ultrafiltration rate between 2.0-5.0 mL/kg/h Liberal UFnet Rate Strategy: In the liberal group, the UFnet rate will be titrated between 2.0-5.0 mL/kg/h and maintained throughout fluid removal.
No. of Participants With Pressure Ulceration Per Nursing Records.	1 Participants	0 Participants

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: From study enrollment until 24 hours after termination of continuous kidney replacement therapy or day 28, whichever occurs first.

No. of participants with new diagnosis of wound infection as documented by the nursing staff in the electronic medical record (if available)

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Restrictive UFnet Strategy n=41 Participants Fluid removal will be titrated to keep net ultrafiltration rate between 0.5-1.5 mL/kg/h Restrictive UFnet Rate Strategy: In the restrictive group, the UFnet rate will be titrated between 0.5-1.5 mL/kg/h and maintained throughout fluid removal.	Liberal UFnet Strategy n=54 Participants Fluid removal will be titrated to keep net ultrafiltration rate between 2.0-5.0 mL/kg/h Liberal UFnet Rate Strategy: In the liberal group, the UFnet rate will be titrated between 2.0-5.0 mL/kg/h and maintained throughout fluid removal.
No. of Participants With New Wound Infection Per Nursing Records.	0 Participants	1 Participants

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: From study enrollment until 24 hours after termination of continuous kidney replacement therapy or day 28, whichever occurs first.

Population: The adverse events were compared among participants assigned to the two groups.

New arterial thrombosis or deep vein thrombosis as assessed by doppler study (if available)

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Restrictive UFnet Strategy n=41 Participants Fluid removal will be titrated to keep net ultrafiltration rate between 0.5-1.5 mL/kg/h Restrictive UFnet Rate Strategy: In the restrictive group, the UFnet rate will be titrated between 0.5-1.5 mL/kg/h and maintained throughout fluid removal.	Liberal UFnet Strategy n=54 Participants Fluid removal will be titrated to keep net ultrafiltration rate between 2.0-5.0 mL/kg/h Liberal UFnet Rate Strategy: In the liberal group, the UFnet rate will be titrated between 2.0-5.0 mL/kg/h and maintained throughout fluid removal.
No. of Participants With New Arterial and/or Deep Vein Thrombosis as Assessed by Doppler Studies.	1 Participants	1 Participants

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: From study enrollment until 24 hours after termination of continuous kidney replacement therapy or day 28, whichever occurs first.

Participants with severe anemia requiring red cell transfusions (if available).

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Restrictive UFnet Strategy n=41 Participants Fluid removal will be titrated to keep net ultrafiltration rate between 0.5-1.5 mL/kg/h Restrictive UFnet Rate Strategy: In the restrictive group, the UFnet rate will be titrated between 0.5-1.5 mL/kg/h and maintained throughout fluid removal.	Liberal UFnet Strategy n=54 Participants Fluid removal will be titrated to keep net ultrafiltration rate between 2.0-5.0 mL/kg/h Liberal UFnet Rate Strategy: In the liberal group, the UFnet rate will be titrated between 2.0-5.0 mL/kg/h and maintained throughout fluid removal.
No. of Participants With Severe Anemia Requiring Red Cell Transfusions.	16 Participants	26 Participants

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: From study enrollment until 24 hours after termination of continuous kidney replacement therapy or day 28, whichever occurs first.

Population: The adverse events were compared among participants assigned to the two groups.

No. of participants with severe thrombocytopenia requiring platelet transfusions (if available).

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Restrictive UFnet Strategy n=41 Participants Fluid removal will be titrated to keep net ultrafiltration rate between 0.5-1.5 mL/kg/h Restrictive UFnet Rate Strategy: In the restrictive group, the UFnet rate will be titrated between 0.5-1.5 mL/kg/h and maintained throughout fluid removal.	Liberal UFnet Strategy n=54 Participants Fluid removal will be titrated to keep net ultrafiltration rate between 2.0-5.0 mL/kg/h Liberal UFnet Rate Strategy: In the liberal group, the UFnet rate will be titrated between 2.0-5.0 mL/kg/h and maintained throughout fluid removal.
No. of Participants With Severe Thrombocytopenia Requiring Platelet Transfusions.	6 Participants	15 Participants

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: From study enrollment until 24 hours after termination of continuous kidney replacement therapy or day 28, whichever occurs first.

Population: The adverse events were compared among participants assigned to the two groups.

New diagnosis of secondary infections occurring after initiation of study intervention will be collected based on culture data, antibiotic use and suspected sepsis as per clinician judgment (if available).

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Restrictive UFnet Strategy n=41 Participants Fluid removal will be titrated to keep net ultrafiltration rate between 0.5-1.5 mL/kg/h Restrictive UFnet Rate Strategy: In the restrictive group, the UFnet rate will be titrated between 0.5-1.5 mL/kg/h and maintained throughout fluid removal.	Liberal UFnet Strategy n=54 Participants Fluid removal will be titrated to keep net ultrafiltration rate between 2.0-5.0 mL/kg/h Liberal UFnet Rate Strategy: In the liberal group, the UFnet rate will be titrated between 2.0-5.0 mL/kg/h and maintained throughout fluid removal.
No. of Participants With New Secondary Infections.	3 Participants	4 Participants

Adverse Events

Restrictive UFnet Strategy

Serious events: 16 serious events

Other events: 41 other events

Deaths: 9 deaths

Liberal UFnet Strategy

Serious events: 29 serious events

Other events: 54 other events

Deaths: 23 deaths

Serious adverse events

Serious adverse events
Measure	Restrictive UFnet Strategy n=43 participants at risk Fluid removal will be titrated to keep net ultrafiltration rate between 0.5-1.5 mL/kg/h Restrictive UFnet Rate Strategy: In the restrictive group, the UFnet rate will be titrated between 0.5-1.5 mL/kg/h and maintained throughout fluid removal.	Liberal UFnet Strategy n=56 participants at risk Fluid removal will be titrated to keep net ultrafiltration rate between 2.0-5.0 mL/kg/h Liberal UFnet Rate Strategy: In the liberal group, the UFnet rate will be titrated between 2.0-5.0 mL/kg/h and maintained throughout fluid removal.
General disorders Prolonged inpatient hospitalization	7.0% 3/43 • Adverse events for this study were collected from study enrollment until 24 hours after termination of continuous kidney replacement therapy, up to a maximum time frame of 28 days. For example, if continuous kidney replacement therapy was terminated on day 14 on a patient, adverse events were collected until day 15. If continuous kidney replacement therapy continued beyond 28 days, the adverse events were collected only up to 28 days.	7.1% 4/56 • Adverse events for this study were collected from study enrollment until 24 hours after termination of continuous kidney replacement therapy, up to a maximum time frame of 28 days. For example, if continuous kidney replacement therapy was terminated on day 14 on a patient, adverse events were collected until day 15. If continuous kidney replacement therapy continued beyond 28 days, the adverse events were collected only up to 28 days.
General disorders Death after transition to comfort measures	16.3% 7/43 • Adverse events for this study were collected from study enrollment until 24 hours after termination of continuous kidney replacement therapy, up to a maximum time frame of 28 days. For example, if continuous kidney replacement therapy was terminated on day 14 on a patient, adverse events were collected until day 15. If continuous kidney replacement therapy continued beyond 28 days, the adverse events were collected only up to 28 days.	23.2% 13/56 • Adverse events for this study were collected from study enrollment until 24 hours after termination of continuous kidney replacement therapy, up to a maximum time frame of 28 days. For example, if continuous kidney replacement therapy was terminated on day 14 on a patient, adverse events were collected until day 15. If continuous kidney replacement therapy continued beyond 28 days, the adverse events were collected only up to 28 days.
Vascular disorders Subdural hematoma	4.7% 2/43 • Adverse events for this study were collected from study enrollment until 24 hours after termination of continuous kidney replacement therapy, up to a maximum time frame of 28 days. For example, if continuous kidney replacement therapy was terminated on day 14 on a patient, adverse events were collected until day 15. If continuous kidney replacement therapy continued beyond 28 days, the adverse events were collected only up to 28 days.	0.00% 0/56 • Adverse events for this study were collected from study enrollment until 24 hours after termination of continuous kidney replacement therapy, up to a maximum time frame of 28 days. For example, if continuous kidney replacement therapy was terminated on day 14 on a patient, adverse events were collected until day 15. If continuous kidney replacement therapy continued beyond 28 days, the adverse events were collected only up to 28 days.
Renal and urinary disorders End Stage Renal Disease	0.00% 0/43 • Adverse events for this study were collected from study enrollment until 24 hours after termination of continuous kidney replacement therapy, up to a maximum time frame of 28 days. For example, if continuous kidney replacement therapy was terminated on day 14 on a patient, adverse events were collected until day 15. If continuous kidney replacement therapy continued beyond 28 days, the adverse events were collected only up to 28 days.	1.8% 1/56 • Adverse events for this study were collected from study enrollment until 24 hours after termination of continuous kidney replacement therapy, up to a maximum time frame of 28 days. For example, if continuous kidney replacement therapy was terminated on day 14 on a patient, adverse events were collected until day 15. If continuous kidney replacement therapy continued beyond 28 days, the adverse events were collected only up to 28 days.
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders Hypoxemic respiratory failure requiring intubation	0.00% 0/43 • Adverse events for this study were collected from study enrollment until 24 hours after termination of continuous kidney replacement therapy, up to a maximum time frame of 28 days. For example, if continuous kidney replacement therapy was terminated on day 14 on a patient, adverse events were collected until day 15. If continuous kidney replacement therapy continued beyond 28 days, the adverse events were collected only up to 28 days.	1.8% 1/56 • Adverse events for this study were collected from study enrollment until 24 hours after termination of continuous kidney replacement therapy, up to a maximum time frame of 28 days. For example, if continuous kidney replacement therapy was terminated on day 14 on a patient, adverse events were collected until day 15. If continuous kidney replacement therapy continued beyond 28 days, the adverse events were collected only up to 28 days.
General disorders New small bowel obstruction	0.00% 0/43 • Adverse events for this study were collected from study enrollment until 24 hours after termination of continuous kidney replacement therapy, up to a maximum time frame of 28 days. For example, if continuous kidney replacement therapy was terminated on day 14 on a patient, adverse events were collected until day 15. If continuous kidney replacement therapy continued beyond 28 days, the adverse events were collected only up to 28 days.	1.8% 1/56 • Adverse events for this study were collected from study enrollment until 24 hours after termination of continuous kidney replacement therapy, up to a maximum time frame of 28 days. For example, if continuous kidney replacement therapy was terminated on day 14 on a patient, adverse events were collected until day 15. If continuous kidney replacement therapy continued beyond 28 days, the adverse events were collected only up to 28 days.
Cardiac disorders Cardiopulmonary arrest	2.3% 1/43 • Adverse events for this study were collected from study enrollment until 24 hours after termination of continuous kidney replacement therapy, up to a maximum time frame of 28 days. For example, if continuous kidney replacement therapy was terminated on day 14 on a patient, adverse events were collected until day 15. If continuous kidney replacement therapy continued beyond 28 days, the adverse events were collected only up to 28 days.	3.6% 2/56 • Adverse events for this study were collected from study enrollment until 24 hours after termination of continuous kidney replacement therapy, up to a maximum time frame of 28 days. For example, if continuous kidney replacement therapy was terminated on day 14 on a patient, adverse events were collected until day 15. If continuous kidney replacement therapy continued beyond 28 days, the adverse events were collected only up to 28 days.
General disorders Multisystem organ failure resulting in death	4.7% 2/43 • Adverse events for this study were collected from study enrollment until 24 hours after termination of continuous kidney replacement therapy, up to a maximum time frame of 28 days. For example, if continuous kidney replacement therapy was terminated on day 14 on a patient, adverse events were collected until day 15. If continuous kidney replacement therapy continued beyond 28 days, the adverse events were collected only up to 28 days.	7.1% 4/56 • Adverse events for this study were collected from study enrollment until 24 hours after termination of continuous kidney replacement therapy, up to a maximum time frame of 28 days. For example, if continuous kidney replacement therapy was terminated on day 14 on a patient, adverse events were collected until day 15. If continuous kidney replacement therapy continued beyond 28 days, the adverse events were collected only up to 28 days.
General disorders Worsening acidosis and hypotension despite up-escalation of pressors	2.3% 1/43 • Adverse events for this study were collected from study enrollment until 24 hours after termination of continuous kidney replacement therapy, up to a maximum time frame of 28 days. For example, if continuous kidney replacement therapy was terminated on day 14 on a patient, adverse events were collected until day 15. If continuous kidney replacement therapy continued beyond 28 days, the adverse events were collected only up to 28 days.	0.00% 0/56 • Adverse events for this study were collected from study enrollment until 24 hours after termination of continuous kidney replacement therapy, up to a maximum time frame of 28 days. For example, if continuous kidney replacement therapy was terminated on day 14 on a patient, adverse events were collected until day 15. If continuous kidney replacement therapy continued beyond 28 days, the adverse events were collected only up to 28 days.
Gastrointestinal disorders GI hemorrhage	0.00% 0/43 • Adverse events for this study were collected from study enrollment until 24 hours after termination of continuous kidney replacement therapy, up to a maximum time frame of 28 days. For example, if continuous kidney replacement therapy was terminated on day 14 on a patient, adverse events were collected until day 15. If continuous kidney replacement therapy continued beyond 28 days, the adverse events were collected only up to 28 days.	1.8% 1/56 • Adverse events for this study were collected from study enrollment until 24 hours after termination of continuous kidney replacement therapy, up to a maximum time frame of 28 days. For example, if continuous kidney replacement therapy was terminated on day 14 on a patient, adverse events were collected until day 15. If continuous kidney replacement therapy continued beyond 28 days, the adverse events were collected only up to 28 days.
General disorders Undifferentiated shock and hypertensive cardiomyopathy	0.00% 0/43 • Adverse events for this study were collected from study enrollment until 24 hours after termination of continuous kidney replacement therapy, up to a maximum time frame of 28 days. For example, if continuous kidney replacement therapy was terminated on day 14 on a patient, adverse events were collected until day 15. If continuous kidney replacement therapy continued beyond 28 days, the adverse events were collected only up to 28 days.	1.8% 1/56 • Adverse events for this study were collected from study enrollment until 24 hours after termination of continuous kidney replacement therapy, up to a maximum time frame of 28 days. For example, if continuous kidney replacement therapy was terminated on day 14 on a patient, adverse events were collected until day 15. If continuous kidney replacement therapy continued beyond 28 days, the adverse events were collected only up to 28 days.
Gastrointestinal disorders Hemorrhagic and hypovolemic shock secondary to massive hematemesis from GE varices.	0.00% 0/43 • Adverse events for this study were collected from study enrollment until 24 hours after termination of continuous kidney replacement therapy, up to a maximum time frame of 28 days. For example, if continuous kidney replacement therapy was terminated on day 14 on a patient, adverse events were collected until day 15. If continuous kidney replacement therapy continued beyond 28 days, the adverse events were collected only up to 28 days.	1.8% 1/56 • Adverse events for this study were collected from study enrollment until 24 hours after termination of continuous kidney replacement therapy, up to a maximum time frame of 28 days. For example, if continuous kidney replacement therapy was terminated on day 14 on a patient, adverse events were collected until day 15. If continuous kidney replacement therapy continued beyond 28 days, the adverse events were collected only up to 28 days.

Other adverse events

Additional Information

Raghavan Murugan, MD, MS, FRCP, Principal Investigator

University of Pittsburgh

Phone: 412-647-8499

Email: [email protected]

Results disclosure agreements

Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
Publication restrictions are in place