The Effect of Bethanechol on Tracheobronchomalacia

NCT ID: NCT05299008

Last Updated: 2024-01-30

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

RECRUITING

Total Enrollment

20 participants

Study Classification

OBSERVATIONAL

Study Start Date

2022-08-11

Study Completion Date

2024-06-30

Brief Summary

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The primary aim of this study is to determine if work of breathing estimated using swing Edi will be improved following initiation of bethanechol in infants with tracheobronchomalacia. The investigators hypothesize that work of breathing will be improved in infants with tracheobronchomalacia estimated by a 20% mean decrease in swing Edi following initiation of bethanechol.

Detailed Description

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Tracheobronchomalacia (TBM) is characterized by dynamic airway collapse resulting from flaccidity of smooth trachealis muscles, and the incidence in infants has been estimated to be as high as 16-50%. Tracheal collapse results in an increase in work of breathing (WOB) which leads to prolonged ventilatory support, increased caloric needs, and prolonged hospitalization. Clinical signs of increased WOB include nasal flaring, increased use of accessory muscles, and paradoxical movements of the rib cage and abdominal wall. Compared with infants with normal airways, infants with TBM have a higher resistive WOB and require increased respiratory support to help attenuate the respiratory work.

Currently, there are no pharmacologic treatment options approved by the Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of TBM. Animal models have shown that muscarinic agonists may improve the tone of the trachealis muscle and airway mechanics. These physiologic improvements have led to the rationale behind use of the long-acting muscarinic agonist, bethanechol, in the treatment of children with tracheomalacia despite no large trials to demonstrate efficacy. By improving trachealis tone and airway mechanics, infants may benefit from an overall decrease in their resistive WOB leading to improved clinical outcomes.

Measurement of actual WOB can be difficult, invasive, and not easily achieved in neonates, however it can be estimated. One method that has been successfully used to estimate WOB in neonates is by swing electrical activity of the diaphragm (Edi) by neurally adjusted ventilatory assist (NAVA). Swing Edi use in NAVA is the difference between the resting tonic activity of the diaphragm (Edi min) and the peak activity of the diaphragm (Edi max) measured by an Edi catheter. By using Swing Edi as a marker for WOB, the investigators propose a methodology to evaluate a physiologic improvement in infants after starting a pharmacologic treatment for TBM.

Though increased WOB is the result of decreased trachealis tone and tracheal collapse, the most accurate method of identifying airway collapse is by direct visualization of the airways. Bronchoscopy is able to give qualitative and semi quantitative impressions of airway collapsibility and has consistently demonstrated a highly favorable safety profile in infants. By performing bronchoscopy before and after bethanechol initiation a direct change may be noted from medical management.

As such, the investigators hypothesize that WOB estimated by swing Edi and tracheal tone identified by direct visualization bronchoscopy will be improved following initiation of bethanechol in infants with tracheobronchomalacia.

Conditions

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Tracheobronchomalacia

Study Design

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Observational Model Type

COHORT

Study Time Perspective

PROSPECTIVE

Study Groups

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Infants with diagnosis of tracheobronchomalacia treated with bethanechol

Infants with a diagnosis of tracheobronchomalacia by dynamic computed tomography and showing \> 50% cross-sectional diameter collapse at 40 to 60 post menstrual age

Bethanechol

Intervention Type DRUG

Infants whom will be treated with bethanechol for tracheobronchomalacia in level IV center Neonatal Intensive Care Unit.

Interventions

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Bethanechol

Infants whom will be treated with bethanechol for tracheobronchomalacia in level IV center Neonatal Intensive Care Unit.

Intervention Type DRUG

Other Intervention Names

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bethanechol chloride

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* Infants with a diagnosis of tracheobronchomalacia by dynamic computed tomography and showing \> 50% cross-sectional diameter collapse at 40 to 60 post menstrual age and for whom will be treatment with bethanechol in level IV center Neonatal Intensive Care Unit.

Exclusion Criteria

* Infants with diagnosis of tracheobronchomalacia by dynamic computed tomography with \< 50% cross-sectional diameter collapse at 40 to 60 post menstrual age, or infants in which the medical team has not made the decision to start bethanechol.
* Patients with fixed tracheomalacia or bronchomalacia due to external compression of airways.
Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sponsors

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Arkansas Children's Hospital Research Institute

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Charles Preston Pugh

Neonatology Fellow

Responsibility Role PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

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Charles P Pugh, MD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Arkansas Children's Hospital Research Institute

Locations

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Arkansas Children's Hospital

Little Rock, Arkansas, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

Countries

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United States

Central Contacts

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Charles P Pugh, MD

Role: CONTACT

9013352402

David Matlock, MD

Role: CONTACT

3184589097

Facility Contacts

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Charles P Pugh, MD

Role: primary

901-335-2402

References

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Reference Type BACKGROUND
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Other Identifiers

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274192

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

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