PK and Safety of Caffeine in Neonates With Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy Receiving Therapeutic Hypothermia

NCT ID: NCT05295784

Last Updated: 2024-05-10

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

WITHDRAWN

Clinical Phase

PHASE1

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2024-05-08

Study Completion Date

2024-05-08

Brief Summary

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A phase 1 study investigating the tolerability and pharmacokinetics of caffeine citrate in neonates with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy receiving therapeutic hypothermia. This study is an essential first step to develop caffeine as a kidney protective medication in this in this vulnerable group of newborns.

Detailed Description

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Neonatal acute kidney injury (AKI) is an unfortunate comorbidity in neonates with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) which is brain injury due to a lack of blood flow and oxygen delivery to a neonate around the time of delivery. Neonatal AKI increases the risk of death by 4 fold. AKI in neonates with HIE is associated with brain injury on brain MRI and worse neurodevelopmental outcomes at 2 years. Despite the increases in death and morbidity associated with AKI, limited therapeutic interventions currently exist.

Caffeine is a promising medication for kidney protection in neonates at high risk for AKI. Three retrospective studies in premature neonates identified a reduction in AKI in neonates exposed to caffeine. Theophylline, which is in the same drug class as caffeine, has been shown to improve urine output and decrease AKI in neonates with HIE. Limited centers worldwide utilize theophylline in neonates with HIE due to its side effects. Caffeine is a well-tolerated and is extensively utilized in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) in the premature population for prevention of chronic lung disease and for apnea of prematurity (or immature breathing patterns). Therefore, dosing guidelines are well established for preterm neonates and neonatologists are comfortable administering the drug.

Specific Aim 1: Determine the pharmacokinetics (how an organism affects a drug) of caffeine in neonates ≥ 35 weeks GA with HIE receiving therapeutic hypothermia.

Specific Aim 2: Assess the preliminary safety and tolerability of caffeine in neonates with HIE receiving hypothermia including any impact on seizure burden.

Specific Aim 1: Characterize acute kidney injury (AKI) in neonates with HIE receiving therapeutic hypothermia with caffeine exposure using serum creatinine (SCr), urine output, renal near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), and urinary biomarkers.

General Experimental Approach:

A total of 18 neonates will be enrolled over approximately 18 months. Each neonate will receive a single dose of caffeine in the first 24 hours of life. The first six neonates will receive low dose (5 mg/kg), the next six neonates will receive a medium dose (15 mg/kg), and the next six neonates will receive high dose or (25 mg/kg).

Demographic data (birthdate, sex, ethnicity, race, gestational age) and clinical data (perinatal birth history, other diagnosis) will be collected from the electronic medical record input into a secure REDCap database created uniquely for this study. Laboratory (serum creatinine) and imaging (head ultrasound and brain MRIs) results will also be recorded.

Blood samples will be obtained from the newborns to monitor the caffeine blood levels. Urine samples will be analyzed for biomarkers that detect kidney damage. Data on seizures and medications will be monitored closely. Blood flow and oxygen levels in the kidney will be monitored with a non-invasive technology called near infrared spectroscopy or NIRS. Data will be collected on urine output and blood creatinine levels to determine which newborns have acute kidney injury.

In conclusion, this study will investigate the drug levels in the blood of caffeine in neonates with HIE receiving therapeutic hypothermia. Safety will also be monitored obtained. The investigators anticipate caffeine is a safe and effective therapy. This study is an essential first step to develop caffeine as a kidney protective medication in this in this vulnerable group of newborns.

Conditions

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Acute Kidney Injury Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy Caffeine

Study Design

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Allocation Method

NON_RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

SEQUENTIAL

Each neonate will receive a single dose of caffeine citrate in the first 24 hours of life. The first six neonates will receive low dose (5 mg/kg), the next six neonates will receive a medium dose (15 mg/kg), and the next six neonates will receive high dose or (25 mg/kg).
Primary Study Purpose

TREATMENT

Blinding Strategy

NONE

Study Groups

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Arm 1: Low dose caffeine

Each neonate will receive a single dose of caffeine citrate in the first 24 hours of life. Arm 1 neonates will receive low dose intravenous caffeine citrate (5 mg/kg).

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Caffeine citrate

Intervention Type DRUG

A single dose of intravenous caffeine citrate will be administered to neonates with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy to determine the pharmacokinetics and tolerability.

Arm 2: Medium dose caffeine

Each neonate will receive a single dose of caffeine citrate in the first 24 hours of life. Arm 2 neonates will receive medium dose intravenous caffeine citrate (15 mg/kg).

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Caffeine citrate

Intervention Type DRUG

A single dose of intravenous caffeine citrate will be administered to neonates with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy to determine the pharmacokinetics and tolerability.

Arm 3: High dose caffeine

Each neonate will receive a single dose of caffeine citrate in the first 24 hours of life. Arm 3 neonates will receive high dose intravenous caffeine citrate (25 mg/kg).

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Caffeine citrate

Intervention Type DRUG

A single dose of intravenous caffeine citrate will be administered to neonates with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy to determine the pharmacokinetics and tolerability.

Interventions

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Caffeine citrate

A single dose of intravenous caffeine citrate will be administered to neonates with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy to determine the pharmacokinetics and tolerability.

Intervention Type DRUG

Other Intervention Names

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Cafcit

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

1. Newborns ≥ 35 weeks GA
2. Admitted to the ACH NICU less than 24 hours of life
3. Receiving active or passive TH or whole-body cooling at 12 hours of life to treat hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy per institutional criteria based on National Institute of Child Health and Human Development criteria

Exclusion Criteria

1. Genetic or congenital condition that affects renal function (e.g., congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT), complex congenital heart disease)
2. Diminished capacity or autonomy of the neonate's parents that prevents their ability to give informed consent
3. Theophylline, aminophylline, or caffeine exposure prior to enrollment
4. Status epilepticus as defined by:

1. A seizure lasting longer than 30 minutes
2. Use of a continuous infusion of antiepileptic medication (i.e., midazolam)
3. The use of 3 or more antiepileptic medications for the indications of intractable seizures
Minimum Eligible Age

0 Hours

Maximum Eligible Age

24 Hours

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sponsors

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University of Arkansas

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Responsibility Role SPONSOR

Principal Investigators

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Jennifer Rumpel, MD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

University of Arkansas

Locations

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Arkansas Children's Hospital

Little Rock, Arkansas, United States

Site Status

University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences

Little Rock, Arkansas, United States

Site Status

Countries

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United States

References

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Other Identifiers

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260845

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

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