Study Results
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Basic Information
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COMPLETED
NA
99 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
2021-12-30
2022-04-30
Brief Summary
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Detailed Description
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Evidence-based distraction methods can be used to provide effective inhalation and reduce fear of children. Recent research has focused on the use of non-pharmacological methods in the management of pain in children. Non-pharmacological methods used to manage pain and anxiety in children fall into three main groups; supportive methods, cognitive/behavioral methods, and physical methods. Distraction techniques are among the most commonly used cognitive/behavioral methods. It has been reported that distraction cards, watching cartoons, using kaleidoscope, and listening to music reduce pain, anxiety and fear levels. It is noteworthy that similar studies mostly focused on invasive applications. On the other hand, it is stated that studies on the effect of non-pharmacological methods in inhalation therapy, which is one of the common non-invasive procedures in children, are still limited. Another aim of this study is; This study determines the effect of "playing video games" and "watching cartoons" methods, which are active distraction methods during inhalation therapy, on the level of fear and anxiety.
Conditions
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Study Design
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RANDOMIZED
PARALLEL
PREVENTION
SINGLE
Study Groups
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The Group of Cartoons
The cartoons that are suitable for the child's age and gender will be watched. The child will be asked which cartoon he would like to watch. The cartoon is 5 min from the application. It will be started to be watched first and will continue until the application is finished. Vital signs (pulse, respiration and SPo2), Child Fear Scale and Child Anxiety Scale-State Statement Scale (CAS-D) will be evaluated by the researcher and the child before, immediately and 5 minutes after the application and recorded in the intervention follow-up form by the researcher. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, cartoons will be watched on the parent's phone. Parents who do not have an internet connection will also be provided with internet access by the researcher. The child will watch cartoons on their parent's phone.
Watching cartoons
The cartoon is 5 min from the application. It will be started to be watched first and will continue until the application is finished. Vital signs (pulse, respiration and SPo2), Child Fear Scale and Child Anxiety Scale-State Statement Scale (CAS-D) will be evaluated by the researcher and the child before, immediately and 5 minutes after the application and recorded in the intervention follow-up form by the researcher.
The Group of Game
723 / 5.000 Çeviri sonuçları The group whose video games will be played will be told to choose the game they want before the process. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, video games will be played on the parent's phone. Parents who do not have an internet connection will also be provided with internet access by the researcher. The child will play the video game on their parent's phone.
Video game
The child will be allowed to play the game they want to play throughout the entire procedure, starting 5 minutes before the inhalation therapy. Vital signs (pulse, respiration and SPo2), Child Fear Scale and Child Anxiety Scale-State Statement Scale (CAS-D) will be evaluated by the researcher and the child before, immediately and 5 minutes after the application and recorded in the intervention follow-up form by the researcher.
Rutin Care Group
In the control group, the institution's routine nebula application will be performed and no intervention will be made. Vital signs (pulse, respiration and SPo2), Child Fear Scale and Child Anxiety Scale-State Statement Scale (CAS-D) will be evaluated by the researcher and the child before, immediately and 5 minutes after the application and recorded in the intervention follow-up form by the researcher.
No interventions assigned to this group
Interventions
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Video game
The child will be allowed to play the game they want to play throughout the entire procedure, starting 5 minutes before the inhalation therapy. Vital signs (pulse, respiration and SPo2), Child Fear Scale and Child Anxiety Scale-State Statement Scale (CAS-D) will be evaluated by the researcher and the child before, immediately and 5 minutes after the application and recorded in the intervention follow-up form by the researcher.
Watching cartoons
The cartoon is 5 min from the application. It will be started to be watched first and will continue until the application is finished. Vital signs (pulse, respiration and SPo2), Child Fear Scale and Child Anxiety Scale-State Statement Scale (CAS-D) will be evaluated by the researcher and the child before, immediately and 5 minutes after the application and recorded in the intervention follow-up form by the researcher.
Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria
2. Children who have not undergone any painful procedures before the procedure
3. Parents with smartphones
4. Children and parents who can speak and understand Turkish
5. Children of parents who agreed to participate in the study and whose written consent form was obtained from them will be included in the study.
Exclusion Criteria
2. Congenital anomaly,
3. Growth and development retardation,
4. Hearing impaired,
5. Having visual impairment,
6. Having a chronic disease,
7. Using anti-epileptic drugs in the last 6 hours,
8. Children with suspected COVID-19 will not be included in the study.
4 Years
7 Years
ALL
Yes
Sponsors
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Akdeniz University
OTHER
Responsible Party
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Uğur Gül
Principal Investigator
Principal Investigators
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Uğur Gül
Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
Akdeniz Univercity
Locations
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Akdeniz University
Kepez, Antalya, Turkey (Türkiye)
Countries
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References
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Alhaider SA, Alshehri HA, Al-Eid K. Replacing nebulizers by MDI-spacers for bronchodilator and inhaled corticosteroid administration: Impact on the utilization of hospital resources. Int J Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2014 Sep;1(1):26-30. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpam.2014.09.002. Epub 2014 Oct 22.
Amirav I, Newhouse MT, Minocchieri S, Castro-Rodriguez JA, Schuepp KG. Factors that affect the efficacy of inhaled corticosteroids for infants and young children. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2010 Jun;125(6):1206-11. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2010.01.034. Epub 2010 Mar 24.
Ari A, Fink JB. Guidelines for aerosol devices in infants, children and adults: which to choose, why and how to achieve effective aerosol therapy. Expert Rev Respir Med. 2011 Aug;5(4):561-72. doi: 10.1586/ers.11.49.
Aydin D, Sahiner NC, Ciftci EK. Comparison of the effectiveness of three different methods in decreasing pain during venipuncture in children: ball squeezing, balloon inflating and distraction cards. J Clin Nurs. 2016 Aug;25(15-16):2328-35. doi: 10.1111/jocn.13321. Epub 2016 Apr 26.
Fernandes SC, Arriaga P. The effects of clown intervention on worries and emotional responses in children undergoing surgery. J Health Psychol. 2010 Apr;15(3):405-15. doi: 10.1177/1359105309350231.
DiBlasi RM. Clinical Controversies in Aerosol Therapy for Infants and Children. Respir Care. 2015 Jun;60(6):894-914; discussion 914-6. doi: 10.4187/respcare.04137.
Durak H, Uysal G. The Effect of Cartoon Watching and Distraction Card on Physiologic Parameters and Fear Levels During Inhalation Therapy in Children: A Randomized Controlled Study. J Trop Pediatr. 2021 Jan 29;67(1):fmab018. doi: 10.1093/tropej/fmab018.
Ersig AL, Kleiber C, McCarthy AM, Hanrahan K. Validation of a clinically useful measure of children's state anxiety before medical procedures. J Spec Pediatr Nurs. 2013 Oct;18(4):311-9. doi: 10.1111/jspn.12042. Epub 2013 Jun 25.
Tufekci FG, Celebioglu A, Kucukoglu S. Turkish children loved distraction: using kaleidoscope to reduce perceived pain during venipuncture. J Clin Nurs. 2009 Aug;18(15):2180-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2702.2008.02775.x.
Kwok PC, Chan HK. Delivery of inhalation drugs to children for asthma and other respiratory diseases. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2014 Jun;73:83-8. doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2013.11.007. Epub 2013 Nov 21.
Mutlu B, Balci S. Effects of balloon inflation and cough trick methods on easing pain in children during the drawing of venous blood samples: a randomized controlled trial. J Spec Pediatr Nurs. 2015 Jul;20(3):178-86. doi: 10.1111/jspn.12112. Epub 2015 Mar 28.
Risaw L, Narang K, Thakur JS, Ghai S, Kaur S, Bharti B. Efficacy of Flippits to Reduce Pain in Children during Venipuncture - A Randomized Controlled Trial. Indian J Pediatr. 2017 Aug;84(8):597-600. doi: 10.1007/s12098-017-2335-z. Epub 2017 Apr 5.
Inan G, Inal S. The Impact of 3 Different Distraction Techniques on the Pain and Anxiety Levels of Children During Venipuncture: A Clinical Trial. Clin J Pain. 2019 Feb;35(2):140-147. doi: 10.1097/AJP.0000000000000666.
Related Links
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Effectiveness Of '' Animated Cartoons '' As A Distraction Strategy On Behavior Response To Pain Perception Among Children Undergoing. Venipuncture
The Effect of Distraction Technique on the Pain of Dressing Change among 3-6 Year-old Children
Effects of Distraction on Physiologic Indices and Pain Intensity in children aged 3-6 Undergoing IV Injection
Primary out come
Other Identifiers
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Inhalation Therapy in Children
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id
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