Effects of Ketogenic Diet in Overweight and Obese Women With Breast Cancer

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

UNKNOWN

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

56 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2022-01-30

Study Completion Date

2025-01-30

Brief Summary

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Breast cancer is the most common cancer type among women in Turkey and the world. Chemotherapy, surgery, radiotherapy, immunotherapy and hormone therapy are used in the treatment. Nutrition is one of the important factors affects cancer treatment. In recent years, there has been an increase in the number of clinical studies on the ketogenic diet (KD) in different types of cancer. In the literature, it has been shown the KD applied with chemotherapy improves the quality of life and decreases the body weight and tumour size in women with breast cancer. However, there is no comprehensive study evaluating the effect of KD on chemotherapy-induced sensory and motor neuropathy and survival in breast cancer patients. In this project, the KD will be planned for overweight and obese women diagnosed with breast cancer who will be treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Tumour size, nutritional status, biochemical findings, anthropometric measurements, quality of life, sensory and motor polyneuropathy and survival will be evaluated. Fifty-six women with breast cancer who comply with the study criteria and are willing to participate in the study will be given an adequate and balanced healthy diet program during the standard neoadjuvant treatment (12 weeks) with anthracycline. After the interim evaluation, individuals will be randomly divided into two groups. Simultaneously with standard neoadjuvant therapy containing taxane (12 weeks), KD will be planned for the first group and the second group will continue on the adequate and balanced healthy diet program. After neoadjuvant therapy, the effects of diets on prognosis and other factors (nutritional status, biochemical findings, anthropometric measurements, quality of life, sensory and motor polyneuropathy, and survival) will be compared. In this study, unlike other studies, the first data on the effect of KD on chemotherapy-induced polyneuropathy and pathological response in women with breast cancer will be obtained. In this respect, it has the potential for nutritional practices in clinical oncology. The KD could improve body composition and the complications related to obesity and decrease polyneuropathy. Therefore, drug-using and application to the hospital could decrease. The results of the project will contribute to the improvement of the health and the quality of life of women, who are the most important element of society and the family.

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Detailed Description

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The study was designed as a randomized prospective study.

The Location of the Research: The research will be carried out in Konya Necmettin Erbakan University Meram Faculty of Medicine, Departments of General Surgery, Medical Oncology, and Medical Biochemistry. Ethics committee approval was obtained from the Ethics Committee of Necmettin Erbakan University, (Date:03.09.2021, Number:2021/3378). And the official approval was obtained from the Necmettin Erbakan University Meram Medical Faculty Hospital Chief Physician to conduct the study.

The Sample Size of the Study: The study will include overweight and obese female individuals aged 19-64 who volunteered to participate in the study, diagnosed with breast cancer, who applied to Necmettin Erbakan University Meram Faculty of Medicine, Department of General Surgery and planned to receive neoadjuvant treatment in the Department of Medical Oncology. Since the ketogenic diet provides a decrease in body weight and an improvement in body composition, it was decided to include overweight and obese women. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy containing anthracycline and taxane is applied as standard to breast cancer patients in the Department of Medical Oncology of Meram Faculty of Medicine. After neoadjuvant therapy containing anthracyclines, patients will be randomly divided into two groups. A ketogenic diet will be applied to the first group (Group 1), and an adequate and balanced healthy nutrition program will be applied to the second group (Group 2).

The sample size of the study: Considering that the number of samples in Group 1 and Group 2 would be equal, it was determined that both groups should consist of at least 28 individuals with an error margin of d =3, α = 0.05, and a power of 0.90 power and 15% drop rate. In this study, all of the patients participating in the research will be informed in detail and informed consent forms will be obtained from all participants.

Statistical analysis: The data will be assessed using the SPSS 26 statistical software package. Mean, standard deviation, minimum and maximum values of the quantitative data will be calculated, and the number and percentage tables of the qualitative data will be created. In the comparison of quantitative data of Group 1 and 2, the Student t-test will be used for the normal distribution, and the Mann-Whitney U test will be used for the non-normal distribution. The chi-squared test will be used to evaluate qualitative data.

In the comparison of quantitative data of the groups during follow-up one-way ANOVA will be used for the normal distribution, and the Friedman test will be used for the non-normal distribution

Conditions

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Breast Cancer Female

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

Primary Study Purpose

OTHER

Blinding Strategy

NONE

Study Groups

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Group-1 (Ketogenic diet)

Group-1 will be given an adequate and balanced healthy diet program during the standard neoadjuvant treatment (12 weeks) with an anthracycline. And simultaneously with standard neoadjuvant therapy containing taxane (12 weeks), KD will be planned for Group-1

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Adequate and balanced healthy diet program (CHO: 45-60%, protein:10-20%, fat:20-35%)

Intervention Type OTHER

In calculating the estimated basal metabolic rate of individuals, Mifflin-St. The Jeor Equation will be used.BMR will be multiplied by the physical activity factor of the individual and 500\*700 kcal will be subtracted from the found value and the total daily energy requirement will be obtained.

Ketogenic diet program (CHO: 6%, protein:19%, fat:75%)

Intervention Type OTHER

A ketogenic diet will be applied to Group 1 for 12 weeks simultaneously with taxane treatment.

Group-2 (Adequate and balanced healthy diet)

Group-2 will be given an adequate and balanced healthy diet program during the standard neoadjuvant treatment (12 weeks) with anthracycline and taxane (12 weeks).

Group Type OTHER

Adequate and balanced healthy diet program (CHO: 45-60%, protein:10-20%, fat:20-35%)

Intervention Type OTHER

In calculating the estimated basal metabolic rate of individuals, Mifflin-St. The Jeor Equation will be used.BMR will be multiplied by the physical activity factor of the individual and 500\*700 kcal will be subtracted from the found value and the total daily energy requirement will be obtained.

Interventions

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Adequate and balanced healthy diet program (CHO: 45-60%, protein:10-20%, fat:20-35%)

In calculating the estimated basal metabolic rate of individuals, Mifflin-St. The Jeor Equation will be used.BMR will be multiplied by the physical activity factor of the individual and 500\*700 kcal will be subtracted from the found value and the total daily energy requirement will be obtained.

Intervention Type OTHER

Ketogenic diet program (CHO: 6%, protein:19%, fat:75%)

A ketogenic diet will be applied to Group 1 for 12 weeks simultaneously with taxane treatment.

Intervention Type OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* Diagnosed with breast cancer for the first time,
* Planned to receive neoadjuvant treatment,
* Being overweight (BMI: 25-29.9 kg/m2) or obese (BMI: ≥30 kg/m2),
* Karnofsky Performance Score ≥ 70

Exclusion Criteria

* Ketogenic diet history,
* Diagnosed with moderate/severe neurological and/or cognitive impairment
* Diagnosed with kidney, liver, and gall bladder disease/coronary artery disease
* Diagnosed with type 1 diabetes,
* Diagnosed with type 2 diabetes using oral antidiabetic or insulin,
* Diagnosed with eating behavior disorder (anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge eating disorder),
* Using weight loss medication,
* Karnofsky Performance Score \< 70,
* Pregnant
* Breastfeeding individuals

Minimum Eligible Age

19 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

64 Years

Eligible Sex

FEMALE

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No