Impact of Closely Grouped, Iterative Exposures to Suxamethonium During ECT on the Sensitization to NMBA and the Development of Protective Antibodies

NCT ID: NCT05210062

Last Updated: 2022-04-12

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: UNKNOWN
• Total Enrollment: 70 participants
• Study Classification: OBSERVATIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2022-01-27
• Study Completion Date: 2023-09-30

Brief Summary

Acute per-anesthetic hypersensitivity reaction (HSA-PA) is a rapidly occurring systemic reaction following injection of a drug during anesthesia (mortality between 3 and 9%). The substances responsible for these reactions in France are Neuro-Muscular Blocking Agents (NMBA) in 60% of cases. The main mechanism mentioned is an immediate systemic hypersensitivity immune reaction (anaphylaxis). The mechanism of immunization to NMBA is not yet understood.

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a long-standing therapeutic approach still widely used today, for its high efficiency, particularly in depressive syndromes resistant to antidepressants. It has an efficacy comparable (or even superior) to pharmacological treatments and improves the mortality associated with this disease. Treatment with iterative ECT sessions includes an attack phase with an average of 12 sessions over 4 weeks, with secondary spacing of sessions before switching to antidepressant treatment. These sessions are carried out in the operating room under general anesthesia, thanks to a hypnotic and a NMBA, suxamethonium, as recently recommended by the French Anesthesiology Society in 2020.

ECT therefore represent an interesting model of iterative exposure of a relatively homogeneous population to a single highly sensitizing substance, which could make it possible to study the evolution of sensitization as a function of various factors, in particular cumulative exposure, for which no data is currently available.

Detailed Description

Acute per-anesthetic hypersensitivity reaction (HSA-PA) is a rapidly occurring systemic reaction following injection of a drug during anesthesia (mortality between 3 and 9%). The substances responsible for these reactions are different types of Neuro-Muscular Blocking Agents (NMBA) in 60% of cases. The main mechanism mentioned is an immediate systemic hypersensitivity immune reaction (anaphylaxis). Anaphylactic reactions are classically described as IgE-dependent, triggered by the allergen which, by bridging specific IgE antibodies on the surface of mast cells and basophils, induces a massive release, in particular of histamine, which is responsible for the symptoms. Other immunological mechanisms, in particular by specific IgGs, have been described. The mechanism of immunization to Neuro-Muscular Blocking Agents (NMBA) is not yet understood. The quaternary ammonium group (AQ) is the common epitope of NMBA recognized by IgE. Due to the absence of previous exposure to NMBA reported in 50% of patients with HSA-PA to NMBA, other substances carrying substituted AQ ions are suspected of inducing cross-sensitization, such as household cleaners, cosmetics or drug (pholcodine). However, the sensitizing role of NMBA themselves is not established, and no study has analyzed iterative exposure to Neuro-Muscular Blocking Agents (NMBA) as a sensitizing factor.

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a long-standing therapeutic approach still widely used today, for its high efficiency, particularly in depressive syndromes resistant to antidepressants. It has an efficacy comparable (or even superior) to pharmacological treatments and improves the mortality associated with this disease. Treatment with iterative ECT sessions includes an attack phase with an average of 12 sessions over 4 weeks, with secondary spacing of sessions before switching to antidepressant treatment. These sessions are carried out in the operating room under general anesthesia, thanks to a hypnotic and a NMBA, suxamethonium, as recently recommended by the French Anesthesiology Society in 2020.

ECT therefore represent an interesting model of iterative exposure of a relatively homogeneous population to a single highly sensitizing substance, which could make it possible to study the evolution of sensitization as a function of various factors, in particular cumulative exposure, for which no data is currently available.

A single patient group is planned in this study, consisting of patients with a medical indication for ECT for psychiatric pathologies resistant to medical treatment (depression, mania, hallucinatory episode in particular). The study will take place in two parts: a preliminary phase "phase P" in 10 patients (with previous exposure to ECT) and a "phase E" study phase in 60 patients. For phase E, only patients with first-time access to ECT or without ECT in the previous ten years will be eligible.

Conditions

Depression; Mania; Hallucinations

Study Design

• Observational Model Type: CASE_ONLY
• Study Time Perspective: PROSPECTIVE

Study Groups

Exposure to suxamethonium during ECT

A single group is planned in this study, consisting of patients with a medical indication for ECT for psychiatric pathologies which are resistant to medical treatment (depression, mania, hallucinatory episode in particular).

Iterative exposure to suxamethonium during ECT sessions

Intervention Type: OTHER

The study is divided into 2 phases: phase P and phase E. Phase P: 10 patients to be included in 1 month with a unique dose of suxamethonium during one session of ECT. One blood sample will be taken from patients before their index ECT session. The objective is to evaluate the feasibility of antibody detection relative to the main objective of the study, to ensure the number of patients to include in phase E (analysis in the following month). Depending on the frequency of antibodies detected, particularly IgG4, the number of patients required for phase E will be revised. If no antibodies are detected, the study will be discontinued.

Phase E: 60 patients to be included in 12 months with 5 blood samples: before the first session of ECT (S0), at 2 weeks (S2), at 4 weeks (S4), between 6 - 14 weeks (preferably at S10) and at 6 months (M6). Only first-time patients or those not having been exposed to ECT in the past 10 years will be included in this phase.

Interventions

Iterative exposure to suxamethonium during ECT sessions

The study is divided into 2 phases: phase P and phase E. Phase P: 10 patients to be included in 1 month with a unique dose of suxamethonium during one session of ECT. One blood sample will be taken from patients before their index ECT session. The objective is to evaluate the feasibility of antibody detection relative to the main objective of the study, to ensure the number of patients to include in phase E (analysis in the following month). Depending on the frequency of antibodies detected, particularly IgG4, the number of patients required for phase E will be revised. If no antibodies are detected, the study will be discontinued.

Phase E: 60 patients to be included in 12 months with 5 blood samples: before the first session of ECT (S0), at 2 weeks (S2), at 4 weeks (S4), between 6 - 14 weeks (preferably at S10) and at 6 months (M6). Only first-time patients or those not having been exposed to ECT in the past 10 years will be included in this phase.

Intervention Type: OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• Patient requiring iterative exposure to ECT as part of their psychiatric pathology in one of the investigator center
• Patient who has not had ECT in the last 10 years for the phase E group, regardless of their previous ECT exposure for the phase P group
• Patient who has been informed and has signed the consent form

Exclusion Criteria

• Absence of written informed consent
• Allergies identified specifically to Neuro-Muscular Blocking Agents (NMBA)
• Patient under tutelage, curatorship or judicial protection
• Patient without social security
• Contraindication to ECT : intracranial hypertension, intracranial lesions without intracranial hypertension, recent episode of cerebral hemorrhage, recent myocardial infarction or embologenic disease, presence of aneurysms or vascular malformations at risk of hemorrhage, retinal detachment, pheochromocytoma, history of ineffective treatment with ECT having had serious side effects, taking anticoagulant treatments

• Minimum Eligible Age: 18 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Sponsors

Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Responsibility Role: SPONSOR

Principal Investigators

Aurélie Gouel

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

APHP

Locations

Saint-Antoine Hospital

Paris, , France

Site Status: RECRUITING

Countries

France

Central Contacts

Aurélie Gouel

Role: CONTACT

aurelie.gouel@aphp.fr

01 40 25 70 67

Luc De Chaisemartin

Role: CONTACT

luc.de-chaisemartin@aphp.fr

01 40 25 68 97

Facility Contacts

Florian FERRERI

Role: primary

florian.ferreri@aphp.fr

01 49 28 26 35

Other Identifiers

APHP210659

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id