Trial Outcomes & Findings for Study of Efficacy and Safety of Ofatumumab in Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis (RMS) Patients in China (NCT NCT05199571)

NCT ID: NCT05199571

Last Updated: 2025-11-12

Results Overview

A confirmed MS relapse is defined as one accompanied by a clinically-relevant change in the EDSS performed by the Independent EDSS rater, i.e. an increase of at least 0.5 points on the EDSS score, or an increase of 1 point on two functional scores or 2 points on one functional score (excluding changes involving bowel/bladder or cerebral functional system). Adjusted ARR was obtained from fitting a negative binomial regression model adjusted for number of relapses in the previous year, baseline number of T1 Gd-enhancing lesions and baseline age as continuous covariates (offset: Natural log of time in study in years).

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

PHASE4

Target enrollment

99 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

Baseline up to approximately 12 months

Results posted on

2025-11-12

Participant Flow

Participants were enrolled at 19 sites in China

There were up to 30 days of screening period (day -30 to -1) before first treatment (day 1).

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
Ofatumumab
Ofatumumab 20 mg subcutaneous injections at Week 0, 1, 2 and monthly thereafter starting at Week 4
Treatment Period
STARTED
99
Treatment Period
COMPLETED
95
Treatment Period
NOT COMPLETED
4
Post-treatment Follow up Period
STARTED
29
Post-treatment Follow up Period
COMPLETED
26
Post-treatment Follow up Period
NOT COMPLETED
3

Reasons for withdrawal

Reasons for withdrawal
Measure
Ofatumumab
Ofatumumab 20 mg subcutaneous injections at Week 0, 1, 2 and monthly thereafter starting at Week 4
Treatment Period
Participant decision
3
Treatment Period
Physician Decision
1
Post-treatment Follow up Period
Participant decision
3

Baseline Characteristics

Study of Efficacy and Safety of Ofatumumab in Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis (RMS) Patients in China

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
Ofatumumab
n=99 Participants
Ofatumumab 20 mg subcutaneous injections at Week 0, 1, 2 and monthly thereafter starting at Week 4
Age, Continuous
32.6 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 8.98 • n=10 Participants
Age, Customized
< 18 years
0 Participants
n=10 Participants
Age, Customized
18 to 30 years
46 Participants
n=10 Participants
Age, Customized
31 to 40 years
38 Participants
n=10 Participants
Age, Customized
41 to 55 years
15 Participants
n=10 Participants
Age, Customized
> 55 years
0 Participants
n=10 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
63 Participants
n=10 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
36 Participants
n=10 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
Chinese
99 Participants
n=10 Participants
Number of relapses in the last 12 months prior to screening
1.1 relapses/year
STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.59 • n=10 Participants
Number of relapses in 12 to 24 months prior to screening
0.6 relapses/year
STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.80 • n=10 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline up to approximately 12 months

Population: Full analysis set (FAS): comprised of all participants who had signed the Informed Consent and who have had received at least one dose of study treatment.

A confirmed MS relapse is defined as one accompanied by a clinically-relevant change in the EDSS performed by the Independent EDSS rater, i.e. an increase of at least 0.5 points on the EDSS score, or an increase of 1 point on two functional scores or 2 points on one functional score (excluding changes involving bowel/bladder or cerebral functional system). Adjusted ARR was obtained from fitting a negative binomial regression model adjusted for number of relapses in the previous year, baseline number of T1 Gd-enhancing lesions and baseline age as continuous covariates (offset: Natural log of time in study in years).

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Ofatumumab
n=99 Participants
Ofatumumab 20 mg subcutaneous injections at Week 0, 1, 2 and monthly thereafter starting at Week 4
Adjusted Annualized Relapse Rate (ARR) Based on Confirmed Relapses
0.05 relapses per participant-year
Interval 0.02 to 0.13

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline to safety cut-off up to approximately 15.2 months

Population: Safety set (SAF): was identical to FAS in this study. FAS: comprised of all participants who had signed the Informed Consent and who have had received at least one dose of study treatment.

Adverse events and SAEs, including clinically significant laboratory data and vital signs which meet the definition of adverse events

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Ofatumumab
n=99 Participants
Ofatumumab 20 mg subcutaneous injections at Week 0, 1, 2 and monthly thereafter starting at Week 4
Number of Adverse Events and Serious Adverse Events
Adverse events (AEs)
69 Participants
Number of Adverse Events and Serious Adverse Events
Serious adverse events (SAEs)
0 Participants
Number of Adverse Events and Serious Adverse Events
AEs related to treatment
52 Participants
Number of Adverse Events and Serious Adverse Events
AEs leading to treatment discontinuation
0 Participants
Number of Adverse Events and Serious Adverse Events
AEs leading to treatment interruption
3 Participants

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline up to approximately 12 months

Population: Participants in the Full analysis set (FAS) with available results for this outcome measure. FAS comprised all participants who had signed the Informed Consent and who have had received at least one dose of study treatment.

Obtained from fitting a negative binomial regression model with log-link function, the total number of Gd-enhancing T1 lesions during the treatment period (per participant) as the response variable. The model includes baseline age and number of Gd-enhancing T1 lesions at baseline as continuous covariates. Natural log of the number of MRI scans is used as the offset. MRI scans were performed at screening, month 3 and 12 (end of study) and end of follow up for participants that discontinued treatment. Unscheduled MRIs could be performed at the investigator's judgement.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Ofatumumab
n=98 Participants
Ofatumumab 20 mg subcutaneous injections at Week 0, 1, 2 and monthly thereafter starting at Week 4
Number of Gadolinium (Gd)-Enhancing T1 Lesions Per MRI Scan
0.04 lesions per scan
Interval 0.02 to 0.1

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline up to approximately 12 months

Population: Participants in the Full analysis set (FAS) with available results for this outcome measure. FAS comprised all participants who had signed the Informed Consent and who have had received at least one dose of study treatment.

Obtained from fitting a negative binomial regression model with log link function, the total number of new or enlarged T2 lesions (relative to baseline/month 3 scan) during the Month 3/treatment period (per participant) as the response variable. Natural log of time from screening scan in years is used as the offset. The model will include baseline age and baseline volume of T2 lesions as continuous covariates.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Ofatumumab
n=95 Participants
Ofatumumab 20 mg subcutaneous injections at Week 0, 1, 2 and monthly thereafter starting at Week 4
Annualized Rate of New or Enlarging T2 Lesions
Relative to baseline
1.95 Lesions per participant-year
Interval 1.38 to 2.75
Annualized Rate of New or Enlarging T2 Lesions
Relative to Month 3
0.21 Lesions per participant-year
Interval 0.09 to 0.49

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline up to approximately 12 months

Population: Participants in the Full analysis set (FAS) with available results for this outcome measure. FAS comprised all participants who had signed the Informed Consent and who have had received at least one dose of study treatment.

T2 lesion volume as measured by MRI and calculated as post-baseline value - baseline value

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Ofatumumab
n=97 Participants
Ofatumumab 20 mg subcutaneous injections at Week 0, 1, 2 and monthly thereafter starting at Week 4
Change in T2 Lesion Volume Relative to Baseline
Month 3
-0.03 milliliters
Standard Deviation 1.172
Change in T2 Lesion Volume Relative to Baseline
Month 12
-0.32 milliliters
Standard Deviation 1.116

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline up to approximately 12 months

Population: Participants in the Full analysis set (FAS) with available results for this outcome measure. FAS comprised all participants who had signed the Informed Consent and who have had received at least one dose of study treatment.

T2 lesion volume as measured by MRI and percent change calculated as post baseline value - baseline value divided by baseline value multiplied by 100.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Ofatumumab
n=97 Participants
Ofatumumab 20 mg subcutaneous injections at Week 0, 1, 2 and monthly thereafter starting at Week 4
Percentage Change in T2 Lesion Volume Relative to Baseline
Month 3
1.50 Percent change from baseline
Standard Deviation 8.681
Percentage Change in T2 Lesion Volume Relative to Baseline
Month 12
-1.88 Percent change from baseline
Standard Deviation 7.083

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: Baseline up to approximately 12 months

Population: Full analysis set (FAS): comprised of all participants who had signed the Informed Consent and who have had received at least one dose of study treatment.

A relapse is an appearance of a new neurological abnormality or worsening of previously stable or improving pre-existing neurological abnormality, separated by at least 30 days from onset of a preceding clinical demyelinating event which is present for at least 24 hours in the absence of fever or infection. A relapse is confirmed by the treating physician when it is accompanied by an increase of at least 0.5 on the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) or an increase of 1 point on two different Functional Systems (FS) of the EDSS or 2 points on one of the FS (excluding Bowel/Bladder or Cerebral FS). Participant-based ARR was calculated by taking the total number of relapses observed for a participant divided by the total number of days in study of that participant and multiplied by 365.25.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Ofatumumab
n=99 Participants
Ofatumumab 20 mg subcutaneous injections at Week 0, 1, 2 and monthly thereafter starting at Week 4
Participant Based Annualized Relapse Rate (ARR)
Confirmed relapses
0.058 relapses per participant-year
Standard Deviation 0.2528
Participant Based Annualized Relapse Rate (ARR)
All relapses
0.090 relapses per participant-year
Standard Deviation 0.3066

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: Baseline up to approximately 12 months

Population: Full analysis set (FAS): comprised of all participants who had signed the Informed Consent and who have had received at least one dose of study treatment.

A relapse is an appearance of a new neurological abnormality or worsening of previously stable or improving pre-existing neurological abnormality, separated by at least 30 days from onset of a preceding clinical demyelinating event which is present for at least 24 hours in the absence of fever or infection. A relapse is confirmed by the treating physician when it is accompanied by an increase of at least 0.5 on the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) or an increase of 1 point on two different Functional Systems (FS) of the EDSS or 2 points on one of the FS (excluding Bowel/Bladder or Cerebral FS). Time-based ARR was calculated by taking the total number of relapses observed for all subjects within an age group divided by the total number of days in study of all subjects within the group and multiplied by 365.25 days.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Ofatumumab
n=99 Participants
Ofatumumab 20 mg subcutaneous injections at Week 0, 1, 2 and monthly thereafter starting at Week 4
Time Based Annualized Relapse Rate (ARR)
Confirmed relapses
0.056 relapses per participant-year
Time Based Annualized Relapse Rate (ARR)
All relapses
0.089 relapses per participant-year

Adverse Events

Ofatumumab

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 69 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Other adverse events

Other adverse events
Measure
Ofatumumab
n=99 participants at risk
Ofatumumab 20 mg subcutaneous injections at Week 0, 1, 2 and monthly thereafter starting at Week 4
General disorders
Injection site reaction
1.0%
1/99 • Baseline to end of post treatment follow-up to approximately 18 months
General disorders
Pain
1.0%
1/99 • Baseline to end of post treatment follow-up to approximately 18 months
General disorders
Pyrexia
7.1%
7/99 • Baseline to end of post treatment follow-up to approximately 18 months
Hepatobiliary disorders
Hepatic function abnormal
4.0%
4/99 • Baseline to end of post treatment follow-up to approximately 18 months
Immune system disorders
Anaphylactic reaction
1.0%
1/99 • Baseline to end of post treatment follow-up to approximately 18 months
Immune system disorders
Hypersensitivity
1.0%
1/99 • Baseline to end of post treatment follow-up to approximately 18 months
Infections and infestations
Bacterial infection
3.0%
3/99 • Baseline to end of post treatment follow-up to approximately 18 months
Infections and infestations
COVID-19
12.1%
12/99 • Baseline to end of post treatment follow-up to approximately 18 months
Infections and infestations
Conjunctivitis
2.0%
2/99 • Baseline to end of post treatment follow-up to approximately 18 months
Infections and infestations
Folliculitis
2.0%
2/99 • Baseline to end of post treatment follow-up to approximately 18 months
Infections and infestations
Gastroenteritis
1.0%
1/99 • Baseline to end of post treatment follow-up to approximately 18 months
Infections and infestations
Groin abscess
1.0%
1/99 • Baseline to end of post treatment follow-up to approximately 18 months
Infections and infestations
Helicobacter infection
1.0%
1/99 • Baseline to end of post treatment follow-up to approximately 18 months
Infections and infestations
Hordeolum
1.0%
1/99 • Baseline to end of post treatment follow-up to approximately 18 months
Infections and infestations
Influenza
2.0%
2/99 • Baseline to end of post treatment follow-up to approximately 18 months
Infections and infestations
Nasopharyngitis
2.0%
2/99 • Baseline to end of post treatment follow-up to approximately 18 months
Infections and infestations
Rhinitis
1.0%
1/99 • Baseline to end of post treatment follow-up to approximately 18 months
Infections and infestations
Sinusitis
1.0%
1/99 • Baseline to end of post treatment follow-up to approximately 18 months
Infections and infestations
Upper respiratory tract infection
12.1%
12/99 • Baseline to end of post treatment follow-up to approximately 18 months
Infections and infestations
Urinary tract infection
7.1%
7/99 • Baseline to end of post treatment follow-up to approximately 18 months
Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
Foot fracture
1.0%
1/99 • Baseline to end of post treatment follow-up to approximately 18 months
Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
Injection related reaction
43.4%
43/99 • Baseline to end of post treatment follow-up to approximately 18 months
Investigations
Alanine aminotransferase increased
1.0%
1/99 • Baseline to end of post treatment follow-up to approximately 18 months
Investigations
Blood bilirubin increased
1.0%
1/99 • Baseline to end of post treatment follow-up to approximately 18 months
Investigations
Blood pressure increased
1.0%
1/99 • Baseline to end of post treatment follow-up to approximately 18 months
Investigations
Liver function test abnormal
1.0%
1/99 • Baseline to end of post treatment follow-up to approximately 18 months
Investigations
Lymphocyte count decreased
3.0%
3/99 • Baseline to end of post treatment follow-up to approximately 18 months
Investigations
Lymphocyte percentage decreased
1.0%
1/99 • Baseline to end of post treatment follow-up to approximately 18 months
Investigations
Neutrophil count decreased
1.0%
1/99 • Baseline to end of post treatment follow-up to approximately 18 months
Investigations
Neutrophil percentage increased
1.0%
1/99 • Baseline to end of post treatment follow-up to approximately 18 months
Investigations
White blood cell count decreased
2.0%
2/99 • Baseline to end of post treatment follow-up to approximately 18 months
Metabolism and nutrition disorders
Hyperglycaemia
1.0%
1/99 • Baseline to end of post treatment follow-up to approximately 18 months
Metabolism and nutrition disorders
Hyperlipidaemia
1.0%
1/99 • Baseline to end of post treatment follow-up to approximately 18 months
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Arthropathy
1.0%
1/99 • Baseline to end of post treatment follow-up to approximately 18 months
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Back pain
1.0%
1/99 • Baseline to end of post treatment follow-up to approximately 18 months
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Joint effusion
1.0%
1/99 • Baseline to end of post treatment follow-up to approximately 18 months
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Osteonecrosis
1.0%
1/99 • Baseline to end of post treatment follow-up to approximately 18 months
Nervous system disorders
Cervicobrachial syndrome
1.0%
1/99 • Baseline to end of post treatment follow-up to approximately 18 months
Nervous system disorders
Dizziness
1.0%
1/99 • Baseline to end of post treatment follow-up to approximately 18 months
Nervous system disorders
Hypoaesthesia
1.0%
1/99 • Baseline to end of post treatment follow-up to approximately 18 months
Psychiatric disorders
Bipolar disorder
1.0%
1/99 • Baseline to end of post treatment follow-up to approximately 18 months
Psychiatric disorders
Depression
2.0%
2/99 • Baseline to end of post treatment follow-up to approximately 18 months
Psychiatric disorders
Dyssomnia
3.0%
3/99 • Baseline to end of post treatment follow-up to approximately 18 months
Psychiatric disorders
Insomnia
1.0%
1/99 • Baseline to end of post treatment follow-up to approximately 18 months
Renal and urinary disorders
Renal cyst
1.0%
1/99 • Baseline to end of post treatment follow-up to approximately 18 months
Renal and urinary disorders
Renal impairment
1.0%
1/99 • Baseline to end of post treatment follow-up to approximately 18 months
Reproductive system and breast disorders
Breast mass
1.0%
1/99 • Baseline to end of post treatment follow-up to approximately 18 months
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Cough
2.0%
2/99 • Baseline to end of post treatment follow-up to approximately 18 months
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Rhinorrhoea
1.0%
1/99 • Baseline to end of post treatment follow-up to approximately 18 months
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
Acne
2.0%
2/99 • Baseline to end of post treatment follow-up to approximately 18 months
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
Alopecia
1.0%
1/99 • Baseline to end of post treatment follow-up to approximately 18 months
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
Dermatitis
1.0%
1/99 • Baseline to end of post treatment follow-up to approximately 18 months
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
Dermatitis acneiform
1.0%
1/99 • Baseline to end of post treatment follow-up to approximately 18 months
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
Rash
1.0%
1/99 • Baseline to end of post treatment follow-up to approximately 18 months
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
Urticaria
1.0%
1/99 • Baseline to end of post treatment follow-up to approximately 18 months
Blood and lymphatic system disorders
Anaemia
2.0%
2/99 • Baseline to end of post treatment follow-up to approximately 18 months
Blood and lymphatic system disorders
Lymphadenitis
1.0%
1/99 • Baseline to end of post treatment follow-up to approximately 18 months
Gastrointestinal disorders
Chronic gastritis
1.0%
1/99 • Baseline to end of post treatment follow-up to approximately 18 months
Gastrointestinal disorders
Constipation
1.0%
1/99 • Baseline to end of post treatment follow-up to approximately 18 months
Gastrointestinal disorders
Gastrooesophageal reflux disease
1.0%
1/99 • Baseline to end of post treatment follow-up to approximately 18 months
General disorders
Asthenia
1.0%
1/99 • Baseline to end of post treatment follow-up to approximately 18 months
General disorders
Chest discomfort
1.0%
1/99 • Baseline to end of post treatment follow-up to approximately 18 months
General disorders
Influenza like illness
1.0%
1/99 • Baseline to end of post treatment follow-up to approximately 18 months

Additional Information

Study Director

Novartis Pharmaceuticals

Phone: + 1 862 778 8300

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee The terms and conditions of Novartis' agreements with its investigators may vary. However, Novartis does not prohibit any investigator from publishing. Any publications from a single-site are postponed until the publication of the pooled data (i.e., data from all sites) in the clinical trial.
  • Publication restrictions are in place

Restriction type: OTHER