Trial Outcomes & Findings for Pilot Trial of a Novel Cooking Skills Intervention (DPPCooks) to Prevent Diabetes (NCT NCT05166512)

NCT ID: NCT05166512

Last Updated: 2024-11-22

Results Overview

Weight change will be measured in absolute kg. Weight will be measured at baseline, 4 months and 12 months. Weight will be measured by DPP coaches at weekly meetings (or, if DPP groups are meeting virtually, weight will be reported by participants to their DPP coaches in weekly virtual meetings).

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

NA

Target enrollment

45 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

baseline, 4 months and 12 months

Results posted on

2024-11-22

Participant Flow

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
Standard DPP
Standard DPP (over 12 months) DPP: Standard DPP
DPP Cooks
Standard DPP plus DPP Cooks (over 12 months, with 6 active cooking sessions during the first 4 months) DPP Cooks: 6 'food agency' based cooking skills classes during the first 4 months of the DPP
Randomized
STARTED
22
23
Randomized
COMPLETED
19
23
Randomized
NOT COMPLETED
3
0
Baseline Data Collection
STARTED
19
23
Baseline Data Collection
DPP Session 0
19
23
Baseline Data Collection
DPP Session 1
18
20
Baseline Data Collection
COMPLETED
16
20
Baseline Data Collection
NOT COMPLETED
3
3
4 Month Data Collection
STARTED
16
20
4 Month Data Collection
COMPLETED
14
15
4 Month Data Collection
NOT COMPLETED
2
5
12 Month Data Collection
STARTED
14
15
12 Month Data Collection
COMPLETED
10
14
12 Month Data Collection
NOT COMPLETED
4
1

Reasons for withdrawal

Reasons for withdrawal
Measure
Standard DPP
Standard DPP (over 12 months) DPP: Standard DPP
DPP Cooks
Standard DPP plus DPP Cooks (over 12 months, with 6 active cooking sessions during the first 4 months) DPP Cooks: 6 'food agency' based cooking skills classes during the first 4 months of the DPP
Randomized
Lost to Follow-up
2
0
Randomized
Withdrawal by Subject
1
0
Baseline Data Collection
Lost to Follow-up
0
3
Baseline Data Collection
Withdrawal by Subject
1
0
Baseline Data Collection
Protocol Violation
2
0
4 Month Data Collection
Lost to Follow-up
1
0
4 Month Data Collection
Withdrawal by Subject
1
5
12 Month Data Collection
Lost to Follow-up
3
1
12 Month Data Collection
Withdrawal by Subject
1
0

Baseline Characteristics

Pilot Trial of a Novel Cooking Skills Intervention (DPPCooks) to Prevent Diabetes

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
Standard DPP
n=16 Participants
Standard DPP (over 12 months) DPP: Standard DPP
DPP Cooks
n=20 Participants
Standard DPP plus DPP Cooks (over 12 months, with 6 active cooking sessions during the first 4 months) DPP Cooks: 6 'food agency' based cooking skills classes during the first 4 months of the DPP
Total
n=36 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
Age, Continuous
55.1 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 12.8 • n=5 Participants
56.5 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 17.2 • n=7 Participants
55.9 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 15.2 • n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
12 Participants
n=5 Participants
17 Participants
n=7 Participants
29 Participants
n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
4 Participants
n=5 Participants
3 Participants
n=7 Participants
7 Participants
n=5 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Hispanic or Latino
1 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
1 Participants
n=5 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Not Hispanic or Latino
15 Participants
n=5 Participants
20 Participants
n=7 Participants
35 Participants
n=5 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
American Indian or Alaska Native
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Asian
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Black or African American
12 Participants
n=5 Participants
14 Participants
n=7 Participants
26 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
White
3 Participants
n=5 Participants
3 Participants
n=7 Participants
6 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
More than one race
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
1 Participants
n=5 Participants
3 Participants
n=7 Participants
4 Participants
n=5 Participants
Region of Enrollment
United States
16 Participants
n=5 Participants
20 Participants
n=7 Participants
36 Participants
n=5 Participants
Education
some high school
1 Participants
n=5 Participants
0 Participants
n=7 Participants
1 Participants
n=5 Participants
Education
high school
6 Participants
n=5 Participants
2 Participants
n=7 Participants
8 Participants
n=5 Participants
Education
some college
3 Participants
n=5 Participants
6 Participants
n=7 Participants
9 Participants
n=5 Participants
Education
college graduate
6 Participants
n=5 Participants
12 Participants
n=7 Participants
18 Participants
n=5 Participants
Marital Status
single
6 Participants
n=5 Participants
4 Participants
n=7 Participants
10 Participants
n=5 Participants
Marital Status
married
3 Participants
n=5 Participants
7 Participants
n=7 Participants
10 Participants
n=5 Participants
Marital Status
living with partner
1 Participants
n=5 Participants
3 Participants
n=7 Participants
4 Participants
n=5 Participants
Marital Status
divorced, separated, widowed
6 Participants
n=5 Participants
6 Participants
n=7 Participants
12 Participants
n=5 Participants
Income
<$35,000/ year
6 Participants
n=5 Participants
7 Participants
n=7 Participants
13 Participants
n=5 Participants
Income
#35,000-$59,000/ year
6 Participants
n=5 Participants
5 Participants
n=7 Participants
11 Participants
n=5 Participants
Income
$60,000-$85,000/ year
1 Participants
n=5 Participants
5 Participants
n=7 Participants
6 Participants
n=5 Participants
Income
>$85,000/ year
3 Participants
n=5 Participants
3 Participants
n=7 Participants
6 Participants
n=5 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: baseline, 4 months and 12 months

Population: Change from baseline to 4 months includes the 29 individuals who completed 4 month data collection. Change from baseline to 12 months includes the 24 individuals who completed 12 month data collection.

Weight change will be measured in absolute kg. Weight will be measured at baseline, 4 months and 12 months. Weight will be measured by DPP coaches at weekly meetings (or, if DPP groups are meeting virtually, weight will be reported by participants to their DPP coaches in weekly virtual meetings).

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Standard DPP
n=14 Participants
Standard DPP (over 12 months) DPP: Standard DPP
DPP Cooks
n=15 Participants
Standard DPP plus DPP Cooks (over 12 months, with 6 active cooking sessions during the first 4 months) DPP Cooks: 6 'food agency' based cooking skills classes during the first 4 months of the DPP
Change From Baseline in Absolute Body Weight (Kilograms (kg))
change from baseline to 4 months
-2.12 kg
Standard Error 1.61
-1.00 kg
Standard Error 1.55
Change From Baseline in Absolute Body Weight (Kilograms (kg))
change from baseline to 12 months
-5.27 kg
Standard Error 1.67
-4.15 kg
Standard Error 1.57

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: baseline, 4 months and 12 months

Population: Change from baseline to 4 months includes the 29 individuals who completed 4 month data collection. Change from baseline to 12 months includes the 24 individuals who completed 12 month data collection.

Weight change will be measured in the percent of body weight change. Weight will be measured at baseline, 4 months and 12 months. Weight will be measured by DPP coaches at weekly meetings (or, if DPP groups are meeting virtually, weight will be reported by participants to their DPP coaches in weekly virtual meetings).

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Standard DPP
n=14 Participants
Standard DPP (over 12 months) DPP: Standard DPP
DPP Cooks
n=15 Participants
Standard DPP plus DPP Cooks (over 12 months, with 6 active cooking sessions during the first 4 months) DPP Cooks: 6 'food agency' based cooking skills classes during the first 4 months of the DPP
Change From Baseline in Percentage of Baseline Bodyweight
change from baseline to 12 months
-5.12 percentage of body weight
Standard Error 1.55
-4.11 percentage of body weight
Standard Error 1.46
Change From Baseline in Percentage of Baseline Bodyweight
change from baseline to 4 months
-1.96 percentage of body weight
Standard Error 1.49
-0.95 percentage of body weight
Standard Error 1.44

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline and at 4 months

Population: all individuals with data at baseline and 4 months

Dietary intake and diet quality (Healthy Eating Index (HEI-2015) as measured by the Remote Food Photography Method (RFPM) over 3 days of dietary intake at baseline and 4 months. The HEI-2015 is a score from 0-100 with high score indicating better diet quality. The HEI-2015 measures how well an individuals dietary intake aligns with the 2015 US Dietary Guidelines.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Standard DPP
n=14 Participants
Standard DPP (over 12 months) DPP: Standard DPP
DPP Cooks
n=15 Participants
Standard DPP plus DPP Cooks (over 12 months, with 6 active cooking sessions during the first 4 months) DPP Cooks: 6 'food agency' based cooking skills classes during the first 4 months of the DPP
Difference From Baseline in Diet Quality (Healthy Eating Index- 2015) Score
1.52 score on a scale
Standard Error 3.50
-2.81 score on a scale
Standard Error 3.37

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: baseline, 4 months and 12 months

Population: Change from baseline to 4 months includes the 29 individuals who completed 4 month data collection. Change from baseline to 12 months includes the 24 individuals who completed 12 month data collection.

Cooking confidence, attitudes and behaviors will be measured via online survey (7- point Likert Scale (strongly agree to strongly disagree) questions) at baseline, 4 months and 12 months. Survey items were based on prior literature, but there is not a formal named scale that was used. Cooking confidence was assessed by 7 items all measured on a 7 point Likert scale. Negative items were reverse coded, then 7 confidence items were summed to create a overall confidence score (range 7-49) with higher values indicating higher confidence.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Standard DPP
n=14 Participants
Standard DPP (over 12 months) DPP: Standard DPP
DPP Cooks
n=15 Participants
Standard DPP plus DPP Cooks (over 12 months, with 6 active cooking sessions during the first 4 months) DPP Cooks: 6 'food agency' based cooking skills classes during the first 4 months of the DPP
Change From Baseline in Cooking Confidence
change from baseline to 4 months
0.84 units on a scale
Standard Error 1.37
0.47 units on a scale
Standard Error 1.31
Change From Baseline in Cooking Confidence
change from baseline to 12 months
1.84 units on a scale
Standard Error 1.44
1.46 units on a scale
Standard Error 1.33

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: baseline, 4 months and 12 months

Population: Change from baseline to 4 months includes the 29 individuals who completed 4 month data collection. Change from baseline to 12 months includes the 24 individuals who completed 12 month data collection.

The Cooking and Food Provisioning Action Scale (CAFPAS) is a 28 question scale in which higher scores indicate higher Food Agency. All questions in the CAFPAS are measured on 7-point Likert Scales (strongly agree to strongly disagree). The CAFPAS has 3 sub-scales which are scored by summing the scores on each individual question (after reverse coding negative items) and are then standardized. Then the 3 standardized sub-scale scores are summed to generate an overall CAFPAS score in which higher scores indicate better Food Agency. In this sample scores range from 10.48- 22.25 points with higher scores indicating better Food Agency.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Standard DPP
n=14 Participants
Standard DPP (over 12 months) DPP: Standard DPP
DPP Cooks
n=15 Participants
Standard DPP plus DPP Cooks (over 12 months, with 6 active cooking sessions during the first 4 months) DPP Cooks: 6 'food agency' based cooking skills classes during the first 4 months of the DPP
Change From Baseline in Food Agency Measured Via the Cooking and Food Provisioning Action Scale (CAFPAS)
change from baseline to 4 months
0.16 change in score on a scale
Standard Error 0.42
-0.53 change in score on a scale
Standard Error 0.41
Change From Baseline in Food Agency Measured Via the Cooking and Food Provisioning Action Scale (CAFPAS)
change from baseline to 12 months
0.93 change in score on a scale
Standard Error 0.44
0.24 change in score on a scale
Standard Error 0.41

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: baseline, 4 months and 12 months

Population: Analyzed among all participants enrolled and at each time point. One participant still enrolled at 12 months was missing data for food insecurity.

The USDA Adult Food Security Survey Module is a 10-item progressive survey instrument in which individuals are asked about the food situation in their household over the last 30 days. Scores are summed and generate the following categories: High food security status (raw score: 0), Marginal food security status (raw score: 1-2), Low food security status (raw score 3-5), Very low food security status (raw score: 6-10).

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Standard DPP
n=16 Participants
Standard DPP (over 12 months) DPP: Standard DPP
DPP Cooks
n=20 Participants
Standard DPP plus DPP Cooks (over 12 months, with 6 active cooking sessions during the first 4 months) DPP Cooks: 6 'food agency' based cooking skills classes during the first 4 months of the DPP
Participant Food Security Status Over the Past 30 Days Using the 10-item United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Adult Food Security Survey Module
4 months · High food security
10 Participants
6 Participants
Participant Food Security Status Over the Past 30 Days Using the 10-item United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Adult Food Security Survey Module
4 months · Marginal food security
3 Participants
2 Participants
Participant Food Security Status Over the Past 30 Days Using the 10-item United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Adult Food Security Survey Module
4 months · Low food security
1 Participants
3 Participants
Participant Food Security Status Over the Past 30 Days Using the 10-item United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Adult Food Security Survey Module
4 months · Very low food security
0 Participants
4 Participants
Participant Food Security Status Over the Past 30 Days Using the 10-item United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Adult Food Security Survey Module
12 months · High food security
8 Participants
5 Participants
Participant Food Security Status Over the Past 30 Days Using the 10-item United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Adult Food Security Survey Module
12 months · Marginal food security
2 Participants
3 Participants
Participant Food Security Status Over the Past 30 Days Using the 10-item United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Adult Food Security Survey Module
12 months · Low food security
0 Participants
2 Participants
Participant Food Security Status Over the Past 30 Days Using the 10-item United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Adult Food Security Survey Module
12 months · Very low food security
0 Participants
3 Participants
Participant Food Security Status Over the Past 30 Days Using the 10-item United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Adult Food Security Survey Module
Baseline · High food security
9 Participants
11 Participants
Participant Food Security Status Over the Past 30 Days Using the 10-item United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Adult Food Security Survey Module
Baseline · Marginal food security
5 Participants
4 Participants
Participant Food Security Status Over the Past 30 Days Using the 10-item United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Adult Food Security Survey Module
Baseline · Low food security
1 Participants
5 Participants
Participant Food Security Status Over the Past 30 Days Using the 10-item United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Adult Food Security Survey Module
Baseline · Very low food security
1 Participants
0 Participants

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: baseline, 4 months and 12 months

Population: Change from baseline to 4 months includes the 29 individuals who completed 4 month data collection. Change from baseline to 12 months includes the 24 individuals who completed 12 month data collection.

Cooking confidence, attitudes and behaviors will be measured via online survey (7- point Likert Scale (strongly agree to strongly disagree) questions) at baseline, 4 months and 12 months. Survey items were based on prior literature, but there is not a formal named scale that was used. Attitudes were assessed by 11 questions all scored on a 7 point Likert scale. Negative attitudes were reverse coded, then scores were summed across all 11 items to create an overall Attitudes score (range: 7-77) with higher scores indicating more positive attitudes about cooking.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Standard DPP
n=14 Participants
Standard DPP (over 12 months) DPP: Standard DPP
DPP Cooks
n=15 Participants
Standard DPP plus DPP Cooks (over 12 months, with 6 active cooking sessions during the first 4 months) DPP Cooks: 6 'food agency' based cooking skills classes during the first 4 months of the DPP
Change From Baseline in Cooking Attitudes
change from baseline to 12 months
3.92 units on a scale
Standard Error 1.89
2.07 units on a scale
Standard Error 1.77
Change From Baseline in Cooking Attitudes
change from baseline to 4 months
1.57 units on a scale
Standard Error 1.85
-0.28 units on a scale
Standard Error 1.76

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: baseline, 4 months and 12 months

Population: Change from baseline to 4 months includes the 29 individuals who completed 4 month data collection. Change from baseline to 12 months includes the 24 individuals who completed 12 month data collection.

Cooking confidence, attitudes and behaviors will be measured via online survey (7- point Likert Scale (strongly agree to strongly disagree) questions) at baseline, 4 months and 12 months. To assess behavior change, an item from the National Health an Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) assessing frequency of cooking dinner was used. Change in number of days (0-7) cooking is reported with higher numbers indicating more frequent cooking dinner at home.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Standard DPP
n=14 Participants
Standard DPP (over 12 months) DPP: Standard DPP
DPP Cooks
n=15 Participants
Standard DPP plus DPP Cooks (over 12 months, with 6 active cooking sessions during the first 4 months) DPP Cooks: 6 'food agency' based cooking skills classes during the first 4 months of the DPP
Change From Baseline in Cooking Behavior (Days Cooking Dinner)
change from baseline to 4 months
0.80 days
Standard Error 0.39
0.43 days
Standard Error 0.38
Change From Baseline in Cooking Behavior (Days Cooking Dinner)
change from baseline to 12 months
0.86 days
Standard Error 0.41
0.49 days
Standard Error 0.38

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: 12 months

DPP coaches will report weekly session attendance for all trial participants. Attendance at a higher number of sessions will be a favorable result.

Outcome measures

Outcome data not reported

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: 12 months

Investigators will use interviews or focus groups with DPP Cooks participants to gather qualitative feedback about program satisfaction among participants

Outcome measures

Outcome data not reported

Adverse Events

Standard DPP

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

DPP Cooks

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 0 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Other adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Additional Information

Dr. Julia Wolfson

Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health

Phone: 410-614-4907

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
  • Publication restrictions are in place