Study Results
The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.
Basic Information
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COMPLETED
NA
50 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
2021-06-09
2021-11-10
Brief Summary
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Detailed Description
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The expected goals are to:
1. Evaluate the effect of different pricing models on participation of low-income, WIC-eligible families in a produce delivery program
2. Evaluate the efficacy of a low-cost produce delivery program to increase perceived intake of produce among low-income young children.
3. Evaluate efficacy of a low-cost produce delivery program to increase perceived access to produce among low-income families in West Philadelphia.
Conditions
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Keywords
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Study Design
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RANDOMIZED
PARALLEL
HEALTH_SERVICES_RESEARCH
NONE
Study Groups
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Group A: Free produce box
Participants receive free weekly produce boxes for the first 4 weeks of the study and are then randomized to pay $5 per box (with continued free weekly delivery) for the remaining 4 weeks of the study.
Group A: $5 produce box
Participants receive free weekly produce boxes delivered to their home for the first 4 weeks of the study and are then randomized to pay $5 per box (with continued free weekly delivery) for the remaining 4 weeks of the study. Participants also complete survey at the beginning, middle, and end of the produce delivery program.
Group B: Free produce box
Participants receive free weekly produce boxes for the first 4 weeks of the study and are then randomized to pay $10 per box (with continued free weekly delivery) for the remaining 4 weeks of the study.
Group B: $10 produce box
Participants receive free weekly produce boxes delivered to their home for the first 4 weeks of the study and are then randomized to pay $10 per box (with continued free weekly delivery) for the remaining 4 weeks of the study. Participants also complete survey at the beginning, middle, and end of the produce delivery program.
Interventions
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Group A: $5 produce box
Participants receive free weekly produce boxes delivered to their home for the first 4 weeks of the study and are then randomized to pay $5 per box (with continued free weekly delivery) for the remaining 4 weeks of the study. Participants also complete survey at the beginning, middle, and end of the produce delivery program.
Group B: $10 produce box
Participants receive free weekly produce boxes delivered to their home for the first 4 weeks of the study and are then randomized to pay $10 per box (with continued free weekly delivery) for the remaining 4 weeks of the study. Participants also complete survey at the beginning, middle, and end of the produce delivery program.
Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria
1. Be over 18 years of age
2. Be the parent or guardian for children ages 0 to 5 years of age who receive or are eligible to receive WIC benefits
3. Be the parent or guardian for children ages 0 to 5 years of age who receive pediatric care at CHOP Primary Care - Cobbs Creek
4. Live or have access to an address where packages can be delivered
5. Have access to an electronic device and internet in order to access the online produce box ordering portal
6. Be willing to complete three 10-15 minute surveys throughout the intervention either online or via telephone
7. Consent to have their contact information shared with Farm to Families and Food Connect
Exclusion Criteria
1. Be participating in another intervention which provides produce just prior to or simultaneous with participation in this study (e.g. Farm Food Box Program, etc.)
2. Be subjects who, in the opinion of the Investigator(s), may be non-compliant with study schedules or procedures Subjects that do not meet all of the enrollment criteria may not be enrolled. Any violations of these criteria must be reported in accordance with IRB Policies and Procedures.
18 Years
ALL
Yes
Sponsors
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University of Pennsylvania
OTHER
Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
OTHER
Responsible Party
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Principal Investigators
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Danielle Cullen, MD, MPH, MSHP
Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
Locations
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Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
Countries
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References
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Kim SA, Moore LV, Galuska D, Wright AP, Harris D, Grummer-Strawn LM, Merlo CL, Nihiser AJ, Rhodes DG; Division of Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Obesity, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, CDC. Vital signs: fruit and vegetable intake among children - United States, 2003-2010. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2014 Aug 8;63(31):671-6.
Di Noia J, Byrd-Bredbenner C. Determinants of fruit and vegetable intake in low-income children and adolescents. Nutr Rev. 2014 Sep;72(9):575-90. doi: 10.1111/nure.12126. Epub 2014 Aug 4.
Krolner R, Rasmussen M, Brug J, Klepp KI, Wind M, Due P. Determinants of fruit and vegetable consumption among children and adolescents: a review of the literature. Part II: qualitative studies. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2011 Oct 14;8:112. doi: 10.1186/1479-5868-8-112.
COUNCIL ON COMMUNITY PEDIATRICS; COMMITTEE ON NUTRITION. Promoting Food Security for All Children. Pediatrics. 2015 Nov;136(5):e1431-8. doi: 10.1542/peds.2015-3301.
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine; Health and Medicine Division; Food and Nutrition Board; Committee to Review WIC Food Packages. Review of WIC Food Packages: Improving Balance and Choice: Final Report. Washington (DC): National Academies Press (US); 2017 May 1. Available from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK435902/
Anderson JV, Bybee DI, Brown RM, McLean DF, Garcia EM, Breer ML, Schillo BA. 5 a day fruit and vegetable intervention improves consumption in a low income population. J Am Diet Assoc. 2001 Feb;101(2):195-202. doi: 10.1016/S0002-8223(01)00052-9.
Kropf ML, Holben DH, Holcomb JP Jr, Anderson H. Food security status and produce intake and behaviors of Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children and Farmers' Market Nutrition Program participants. J Am Diet Assoc. 2007 Nov;107(11):1903-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jada.2007.08.014.
Di Noia J, Monica D, Sikorskii A, Nelson J. Pilot Study of a Farm-to-Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) Intervention Promoting Vegetable Consumption. J Acad Nutr Diet. 2021 Oct;121(10):2035-2045. doi: 10.1016/j.jand.2020.12.020. Epub 2021 Jan 22.
Lagisetty P, Flamm L, Rak S, Landgraf J, Heisler M, Forman J. A multi-stakeholder evaluation of the Baltimore City virtual supermarket program. BMC Public Health. 2017 Oct 23;17(1):837. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4864-9.
Townsend MS, Kaiser LL, Allen LH, Joy AB, Murphy SP. Selecting items for a food behavior checklist for a limited-resource audience. J Nutr Educ Behav. 2003 Mar-Apr;35(2):69-77. doi: 10.1016/s1499-4046(06)60043-2.
Couch SC, Glanz K, Zhou C, Sallis JF, Saelens BE. Home food environment in relation to children's diet quality and weight status. J Acad Nutr Diet. 2014 Oct;114(10):1569-1579.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.jand.2014.05.015. Epub 2014 Jul 23.
Lahne J, Wolfson JA, Trubek A. Development of the Cooking and Food Provisioning Action Scale (CAFPAS): A new measurement tool for individual cooking practice. Food Qual Prefer. 2017;62(July):96-105. doi:10.1016/j.foodqual.2017.06.022
Hager ER, Quigg AM, Black MM, Coleman SM, Heeren T, Rose-Jacobs R, Cook JT, Ettinger de Cuba SA, Casey PH, Chilton M, Cutts DB, Meyers AF, Frank DA. Development and validity of a 2-item screen to identify families at risk for food insecurity. Pediatrics. 2010 Jul;126(1):e26-32. doi: 10.1542/peds.2009-3146.
Joshi P, Van Remortel BJ, Rameswaran J, Cullen DL. Effect of Price on Women, Infants, and Children-Eligible Caregiver Participation in a Produce Program: A Randomized Trial. Acad Pediatr. 2025 Jul 9;25(8):102884. doi: 10.1016/j.acap.2025.102884. Online ahead of print.
Related Links
Access external resources that provide additional context or updates about the study.
National Cancer Institute. Usual Dietary Intakes: Food Intakes, U.S. Population, 2007-10.
Coleman-Jensen A, Rabbitt MP, Gregory CA, Singh A. Household Food Security in the United States in 2019.
Feeding America. Map the Meal Gap. Child Food Insecurity in Philadelphia County. Accessed February 20, 2021.
US Department of Agriculture, Food and Nutrition Service. WIC FMNP FY 2018 FNS-203 Report.
Other Identifiers
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21-018757
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id