THE EFFECT OF THE COGNITIVE ORIENTATION TO DAILY OCCUPATIONAL PERFORMANCE (CO-OP) APPROACH IN CHILDREN WITH ATTENTION DEFICIT AND HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER ON MOTOR PERFORMANCE AND EXECUTIVE FUNCTIONS

NCT ID: NCT05125120

Last Updated: 2021-11-18

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: UNKNOWN
• Clinical Phase: NA
• Total Enrollment: 30 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2020-03-01
• Study Completion Date: 2021-12-30

Brief Summary

Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a behavioural and neurodevelopmental disorder that can affect behavioural, emotional, academic, social, and cognitive functions and is not age-appropriate. The prevalence of ADHD among school children is reported to be 3%-11%. Children with ADHD have difficulties paying attention to details, concentrating, completing tasks and following instructions, among other social and academic challenges. In children with ADHD, insufficient activity in the prefrontal regions of the brain has been evidenced, which is linked to executive function skills. Such children have difficulties in performing executive functions that require a high level of cognitive skills, such as self-control and regulation, as well as sequencing and planning tasks. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5 (DSM-5) addresses executive dysfunction as a characteristic of ADHD. At the same time, 45%-70% of these children show problems in motor skills. Motor problems associated with ADHD, such as manual dexterity, bilateral coordination, and postural balance, can lead to difficulty in everyday living tasks, such as eating and writing, as well as social adaptability, academic skills, and peer interactions. For this reason, motor skill problems along with symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity, should be addressed as part of the treatment strategy. ADHD has an impact on a child's independence for daily activities. As a result, child-specific occupational therapy approaches are critical for the sensory, motor, and cognitive areas that affect children's occupational performance in basic and instrumental activities of daily living, participation, rest and sleep, play, and leisure.

Detailed Description

Afyonkarahisar University of Health Sciences Non-Invasive Clinical Research Ethics Committee evaluated the study with the 2011-KAEK-2 ethics committee code. The study was planned to be carried out in Afyonkarahisar State Hospital Occupational Therapy Unit. It was planned to include 30 children between the ages of 7 and 12 who were diagnosed with ADHD according to the DSM-5 criteria by a child psychiatrist. Children will be randomly divided into two groups: 15 in the intervention group and 15 in the control group. At the beginning of the study, the purpose of the study will be explained to the family and the child and informed consent forms will be signed. Standard tests will be applied after the sociodemographic information of the child and his family is obtained. With the CO-OP approach, the intervention group will receive two sessions of therapy per week, each for approximately one hour, for a total of 6 weeks and 12 sessions. After 6 weeks, standard assessments will be repeated. The control group will receive the same standardized assessments at baseline and 6 weeks later with no further intervention.

Conditions

Cognitive Orientation; Executive Dysfunction; Motor Activity

Study Design

• Allocation Method: NA
• Intervention Model: SINGLE_GROUP
• Primary Study Purpose: TREATMENT
• Blinding Strategy: NONE

Study Groups

Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder

Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder (CO-OP Group) Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder (Control Group)

Group Type: OTHER

COGNİTİVE ORİENTATİTON DAİLY OCCUPATİONAL PERFORMANCE APPROACH

Intervention Type: OTHER

Polatajko et al. (2001) developed the CO-OP approach, which is an occupation-oriented problem-solving approach that combines cognitive strategies to help children acquire motor abilities throughout daily tasks (9, 29). The CO-OP approach of therapy focuses on the goal or task at hand rather than the acquisition of functions in occupational performance. CO-OP is a 'deductive' or 'occupational performance-oriented' approach that focuses on the activity target selected throughout the therapy, as opposed to 'inductive' or 'impairment-focused' alternatives (13). As a verbal approach, CO-OP focuses on skill acquisition at the activity level and strives to provide children with global problem-solving skills. Necessary performance strategies specific to the child and the activity are determined with a customised programme (12, 30). Skill acquisition, cognitive strategy development, and adapting and transferring these acquired skills to daily life are the three key goals of the approach.

Interventions

COGNİTİVE ORİENTATİTON DAİLY OCCUPATİONAL PERFORMANCE APPROACH

Polatajko et al. (2001) developed the CO-OP approach, which is an occupation-oriented problem-solving approach that combines cognitive strategies to help children acquire motor abilities throughout daily tasks (9, 29). The CO-OP approach of therapy focuses on the goal or task at hand rather than the acquisition of functions in occupational performance. CO-OP is a 'deductive' or 'occupational performance-oriented' approach that focuses on the activity target selected throughout the therapy, as opposed to 'inductive' or 'impairment-focused' alternatives (13). As a verbal approach, CO-OP focuses on skill acquisition at the activity level and strives to provide children with global problem-solving skills. Necessary performance strategies specific to the child and the activity are determined with a customised programme (12, 30). Skill acquisition, cognitive strategy development, and adapting and transferring these acquired skills to daily life are the three key goals of the approach.

Intervention Type: OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• The child is between 7 and 12 years old
• Meeting the diagnostic criteria for ADHD
• Continuing drug therapy with methylphenidate
• Attending school

Exclusion Criteria

• Having a mental, chronic neurological or orthopedic disorder in addition to ADHD

• Minimum Eligible Age: 7 Years
• Maximum Eligible Age: 12 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Sponsors

Hacettepe University

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

SEDANUR GÜRLEK

SEDANUR GÜRLEK (Master's degree)(Occupational Therapist)

Responsibility Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Locations

Afyonkarahisar State Hospital

Afyonkarahisar, , Turkey (Türkiye)

Countries

Turkey (Türkiye)

References

Gurlek S, Bumin G. The effect of cognitive orientation to daily occupational performance in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: A pilot randomized controlled study. Appl Neuropsychol Child. 2024 Jul 31:1-10. doi: 10.1080/21622965.2024.2385679. Online ahead of print.

Reference Type: DERIVED

PMID: 39081141 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

HU.SGURLEK.001

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id