Trial Outcomes & Findings for Patient Portal Flu Vaccine Reminders_RCT 4 (NCT NCT05052190)

Last Updated: 2025-04-11

Results Overview

Percent of patients with annual influenza vaccination (between 10/1/21 - 4/1/22) among adult and pediatric index patients. Outcomes will be assessed via vaccine data extraction from the electronic health record and external claims and pharmacy data. The index patients must also be an active UCLA Health MyChart user (\>= 1 login over the last 12 months from 8/1/21, excluding activity on the user's initial profile activation date). Individuals not affiliated with any primary care practice will be excluded from the primary analysis.

Recruitment status

TERMINATED

Study phase

Target enrollment

239567 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

6 months

Results posted on

2025-04-11

Participant Flow

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure	Text Message R/R With Direct Appointment Schedule Link Participants in this arm will receive up to 3 R/R messages by text. R/R message will be sent with a Direct Appointment Scheduling link and instructions to make a flu vaccine appointment. Text Message R/R with Direct Appointment Schedule Link: Participants in this arm will receive up to 3 R/R messages by text reminding them to get a flu vaccine with a Direct Appointment Scheduling link and instructions to make a flu vaccine appointment.	Text Message R/R Without Direct Appointment Schedule Link Participants in this arm will receive up to 3 R/R messages by text with no link to schedule an appointment. Text Message R/R without Direct Appointment Schedule Link: Participants in this arm will receive up to 3 R/R messages by text reminding them to get a flu vaccine without a Direct Appointment Scheduling link and instructions to make a flu vaccine appointment.	Text Message R/R With Direct Appointment Schedule Link + Text Pre-Appointment Reminder Participants in this arm will receive up to 3 R/R messages by text. R/R message will be sent with a Direct Appointment Scheduling link and instructions to make a flu vaccine appointment. Participants will receive a Pre-Appointment Reminder via text when they schedule a visit during the study period. Text Message R/R with Direct Appointment Schedule Link: Participants in this arm will receive up to 3 R/R messages by text reminding them to get a flu vaccine with a Direct Appointment Scheduling link and instructions to make a flu vaccine appointment. Text Pre-Appointment Reminder: Participants will receive a Pre-Appointment Reminder via text when they schedule a visit during the study period advising them to get the flu vaccine at their upcoming appointment.	Text Message R/R Without Direct Appointment Schedule Link + Text Pre-Appointment Reminder Participants in this arm will receive up to 3 R/R messages by text. R/R message will be sent without a Direct Appointment Scheduling link and instructions to make a flu vaccine appointment. Participants will receive a Pre-Appointment Reminder via text when they schedule a visit during the study period. Text Message R/R without Direct Appointment Schedule Link: Participants in this arm will receive up to 3 R/R messages by text reminding them to get a flu vaccine without a Direct Appointment Scheduling link and instructions to make a flu vaccine appointment. Text Pre-Appointment Reminder: Participants will receive a Pre-Appointment Reminder via text when they schedule a visit during the study period advising them to get the flu vaccine at their upcoming appointment.	Portal Message R/R With Direct Appointment Schedule Link Participants in this arm will receive up to 3 R/R messages by portal. R/R message will be sent with a Direct Appointment Scheduling link and instructions to make a flu vaccine appointment. Portal Message R/R with Direct Appointment Schedule Link: Participants in this arm will receive up to 3 R/R messages by portal. R/R message will be sent with a Direct Appointment Scheduling link and instructions to make a flu vaccine appointment.	Portal Message R/R Without Direct Appointment Schedule Link Participants in this arm will receive up to 3 R/R messages by portal. R/R message will be sent without a Direct Appointment Scheduling link and instructions to make a flu vaccine appointment. Portal Message R/R without Direct Appointment Schedule Link: Participants in this arm will receive up to 3 R/R messages by portal. R/R message will be sent without a Direct Appointment Scheduling link and instructions to make a flu vaccine appointment.	Portal Message R/R With Direct Appointment Schedule Link + Portal Pre-Appointment Reminder Participants in this arm will receive up to 3 R/R messages by portal. R/R message will be sent with a Direct Appointment Scheduling link and instructions to make a flu vaccine appointment. Participants will receive a Pre-Appointment Reminder advising them to ask their doctor for the flu vaccine at their upcoming appointment via portal when they schedule a visit during the study period. Portal Message R/R with Direct Appointment Schedule Link: Participants in this arm will receive up to 3 R/R messages by portal. R/R message will be sent with a Direct Appointment Scheduling link and instructions to make a flu vaccine appointment. Portal Pre-Appointment Reminder: Participants will receive a Pre-Appointment Reminder via the portal advising them to ask their doctor for the flu vaccine at their upcoming appointment via text when they schedule a visit during the study period.	Portal Message R/R Without Direct Appointment Schedule Link + Portal Pre-Appointment Reminder Participants in this arm will receive up to 3 R/R messages by portal. R/R message will be sent without a Direct Appointment Scheduling link and instructions to make a flu vaccine appointment. Participants will receive a Pre-Appointment Reminder advising them to ask their doctor for the flu vaccine at their upcoming appointment via portal when they schedule a visit during the study period. Portal Message R/R without Direct Appointment Schedule Link: Participants in this arm will receive up to 3 R/R messages by portal. R/R message will be sent without a Direct Appointment Scheduling link and instructions to make a flu vaccine appointment. Portal Pre-Appointment Reminder: Participants will receive a Pre-Appointment Reminder via the portal advising them to ask their doctor for the flu vaccine at their upcoming appointment via text when they schedule a visit during the study period.	No R/R Message or Pre-Appointment Reminder Participants do not receive any flu vaccine R/R message or Pre-Appointment Reminder advising them to ask their doctor for the flu vaccine at their upcoming appointment during the specified flu season.
Overall Study STARTED	19975	19938	19991	19950	20047	20008	20061	20027	79570
Overall Study COMPLETED	19975	19938	19991	19950	20047	20008	20061	20027	79570
Overall Study NOT COMPLETED	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0

Reasons for withdrawal

Withdrawal data not reported

Baseline Characteristics

Patient Portal Flu Vaccine Reminders_RCT 4

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure	Text Message R/R With Direct Appointment Schedule Link n=19975 Participants Participants in this arm will receive up to 3 R/R messages by text. R/R message will be sent with a Direct Appointment Scheduling link and instructions to make a flu vaccine appointment. Text Message R/R with Direct Appointment Schedule Link: Participants in this arm will receive up to 3 R/R messages by text reminding them to get a flu vaccine with a Direct Appointment Scheduling link and instructions to make a flu vaccine appointment.	Text Message R/R Without Direct Appointment Schedule Link n=19938 Participants Participants in this arm will receive up to 3 R/R messages by text with no link to schedule an appointment. Text Message R/R without Direct Appointment Schedule Link: Participants in this arm will receive up to 3 R/R messages by text reminding them to get a flu vaccine without a Direct Appointment Scheduling link and instructions to make a flu vaccine appointment.	Text Message R/R With Direct Appointment Schedule Link + Text Pre-Appointment Reminder n=19991 Participants Participants in this arm will receive up to 3 R/R messages by text. R/R message will be sent with a Direct Appointment Scheduling link and instructions to make a flu vaccine appointment. Participants will receive a Pre-Appointment Reminder via text when they schedule a visit during the study period. Text Message R/R with Direct Appointment Schedule Link: Participants in this arm will receive up to 3 R/R messages by text reminding them to get a flu vaccine with a Direct Appointment Scheduling link and instructions to make a flu vaccine appointment. Text Pre-Appointment Reminder: Participants will receive a Pre-Appointment Reminder via text when they schedule a visit during the study period advising them to get the flu vaccine at their upcoming appointment.	Text Message R/R Without Direct Appointment Schedule Link + Text Pre-Appointment Reminder n=19950 Participants Participants in this arm will receive up to 3 R/R messages by text. R/R message will be sent without a Direct Appointment Scheduling link and instructions to make a flu vaccine appointment. Participants will receive a Pre-Appointment Reminder via text when they schedule a visit during the study period. Text Message R/R without Direct Appointment Schedule Link: Participants in this arm will receive up to 3 R/R messages by text reminding them to get a flu vaccine without a Direct Appointment Scheduling link and instructions to make a flu vaccine appointment. Text Pre-Appointment Reminder: Participants will receive a Pre-Appointment Reminder via text when they schedule a visit during the study period advising them to get the flu vaccine at their upcoming appointment.	Portal Message R/R With Direct Appointment Schedule Link n=20047 Participants Participants in this arm will receive up to 3 R/R messages by portal. R/R message will be sent with a Direct Appointment Scheduling link and instructions to make a flu vaccine appointment. Portal Message R/R with Direct Appointment Schedule Link: Participants in this arm will receive up to 3 R/R messages by portal. R/R message will be sent with a Direct Appointment Scheduling link and instructions to make a flu vaccine appointment.	Portal Message R/R Without Direct Appointment Schedule Link n=20008 Participants Participants in this arm will receive up to 3 R/R messages by portal. R/R message will be sent without a Direct Appointment Scheduling link and instructions to make a flu vaccine appointment. Portal Message R/R without Direct Appointment Schedule Link: Participants in this arm will receive up to 3 R/R messages by portal. R/R message will be sent without a Direct Appointment Scheduling link and instructions to make a flu vaccine appointment.	Portal Message R/R With Direct Appointment Schedule Link + Portal Pre-Appointment Reminder n=20061 Participants Participants in this arm will receive up to 3 R/R messages by portal. R/R message will be sent with a Direct Appointment Scheduling link and instructions to make a flu vaccine appointment. Participants will receive a Pre-Appointment Reminder advising them to ask their doctor for the flu vaccine at their upcoming appointment via portal when they schedule a visit during the study period. Portal Message R/R with Direct Appointment Schedule Link: Participants in this arm will receive up to 3 R/R messages by portal. R/R message will be sent with a Direct Appointment Scheduling link and instructions to make a flu vaccine appointment. Portal Pre-Appointment Reminder: Participants will receive a Pre-Appointment Reminder via the portal advising them to ask their doctor for the flu vaccine at their upcoming appointment via text when they schedule a visit during the study period.	Portal Message R/R Without Direct Appointment Schedule Link + Portal Pre-Appointment Reminder n=20027 Participants Participants in this arm will receive up to 3 R/R messages by portal. R/R message will be sent without a Direct Appointment Scheduling link and instructions to make a flu vaccine appointment. Participants will receive a Pre-Appointment Reminder advising them to ask their doctor for the flu vaccine at their upcoming appointment via portal when they schedule a visit during the study period. Portal Message R/R without Direct Appointment Schedule Link: Participants in this arm will receive up to 3 R/R messages by portal. R/R message will be sent without a Direct Appointment Scheduling link and instructions to make a flu vaccine appointment. Portal Pre-Appointment Reminder: Participants will receive a Pre-Appointment Reminder via the portal advising them to ask their doctor for the flu vaccine at their upcoming appointment via text when they schedule a visit during the study period.	No R/R Message or Pre-Appointment Reminder n=79570 Participants Participants do not receive any flu vaccine R/R message or Pre-Appointment Reminder advising them to ask their doctor for the flu vaccine at their upcoming appointment during the specified flu season.	Total n=239567 Participants Total of all reporting groups
Age, Categorical <=18 years	1748 Participants n=5 Participants	1743 Participants n=7 Participants	1737 Participants n=5 Participants	1738 Participants n=4 Participants	1773 Participants n=21 Participants	1794 Participants n=8 Participants	1804 Participants n=8 Participants	1767 Participants n=24 Participants	7083 Participants n=42 Participants	21187 Participants n=42 Participants
Age, Categorical Between 18 and 65 years	14222 Participants n=5 Participants	14227 Participants n=7 Participants	14296 Participants n=5 Participants	14093 Participants n=4 Participants	14299 Participants n=21 Participants	14180 Participants n=8 Participants	14263 Participants n=8 Participants	14210 Participants n=24 Participants	56468 Participants n=42 Participants	170258 Participants n=42 Participants
Age, Categorical >=65 years	4005 Participants n=5 Participants	3968 Participants n=7 Participants	3958 Participants n=5 Participants	4119 Participants n=4 Participants	3975 Participants n=21 Participants	4034 Participants n=8 Participants	3994 Participants n=8 Participants	4050 Participants n=24 Participants	16019 Participants n=42 Participants	48122 Participants n=42 Participants
Sex/Gender, Customized Female	11344 Participants n=5 Participants	11251 Participants n=7 Participants	11315 Participants n=5 Participants	11352 Participants n=4 Participants	11426 Participants n=21 Participants	11301 Participants n=8 Participants	11409 Participants n=8 Participants	11405 Participants n=24 Participants	45246 Participants n=42 Participants	136049 Participants n=42 Participants
Sex/Gender, Customized Male	8627 Participants n=5 Participants	8683 Participants n=7 Participants	8670 Participants n=5 Participants	8597 Participants n=4 Participants	8618 Participants n=21 Participants	8707 Participants n=8 Participants	8647 Participants n=8 Participants	8620 Participants n=24 Participants	34315 Participants n=42 Participants	103484 Participants n=42 Participants
Sex/Gender, Customized Other	0 Participants n=5 Participants	0 Participants n=7 Participants	0 Participants n=5 Participants	0 Participants n=4 Participants	0 Participants n=21 Participants	0 Participants n=8 Participants	0 Participants n=8 Participants	0 Participants n=24 Participants	0 Participants n=42 Participants	0 Participants n=42 Participants
Sex/Gender, Customized Unknown	4 Participants n=5 Participants	2 Participants n=7 Participants	2 Participants n=5 Participants	1 Participants n=4 Participants	2 Participants n=21 Participants	0 Participants n=8 Participants	2 Participants n=8 Participants	0 Participants n=24 Participants	5 Participants n=42 Participants	18 Participants n=42 Participants
Sex/Gender, Customized Missing	0 Participants n=5 Participants	2 Participants n=7 Participants	4 Participants n=5 Participants	0 Participants n=4 Participants	1 Participants n=21 Participants	0 Participants n=8 Participants	3 Participants n=8 Participants	2 Participants n=24 Participants	4 Participants n=42 Participants	16 Participants n=42 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized Ethnicity · Hispanic or Latino	2179 Participants n=5 Participants	2235 Participants n=7 Participants	2247 Participants n=5 Participants	2207 Participants n=4 Participants	2269 Participants n=21 Participants	2297 Participants n=8 Participants	2325 Participants n=8 Participants	2205 Participants n=24 Participants	8866 Participants n=42 Participants	26830 Participants n=42 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized Ethnicity · Not Hispanic or Latino	14630 Participants n=5 Participants	14575 Participants n=7 Participants	14563 Participants n=5 Participants	14628 Participants n=4 Participants	14529 Participants n=21 Participants	14538 Participants n=8 Participants	14523 Participants n=8 Participants	14638 Participants n=24 Participants	58141 Participants n=42 Participants	174765 Participants n=42 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized Ethnicity · Unknown	3166 Participants n=5 Participants	3128 Participants n=7 Participants	3181 Participants n=5 Participants	3115 Participants n=4 Participants	3249 Participants n=21 Participants	3173 Participants n=8 Participants	3213 Participants n=8 Participants	3184 Participants n=24 Participants	12563 Participants n=42 Participants	37972 Participants n=42 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized Race · American Indian or Alaska Native	55 Participants n=5 Participants	51 Participants n=7 Participants	60 Participants n=5 Participants	60 Participants n=4 Participants	55 Participants n=21 Participants	50 Participants n=8 Participants	42 Participants n=8 Participants	53 Participants n=24 Participants	217 Participants n=42 Participants	643 Participants n=42 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized Race · Asian	1888 Participants n=5 Participants	1944 Participants n=7 Participants	1940 Participants n=5 Participants	1850 Participants n=4 Participants	1920 Participants n=21 Participants	1883 Participants n=8 Participants	1944 Participants n=8 Participants	1897 Participants n=24 Participants	7733 Participants n=42 Participants	22999 Participants n=42 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized Race · Black	965 Participants n=5 Participants	941 Participants n=7 Participants	950 Participants n=5 Participants	971 Participants n=4 Participants	984 Participants n=21 Participants	976 Participants n=8 Participants	1003 Participants n=8 Participants	946 Participants n=24 Participants	3840 Participants n=42 Participants	11576 Participants n=42 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized Race · Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander	38 Participants n=5 Participants	39 Participants n=7 Participants	42 Participants n=5 Participants	32 Participants n=4 Participants	40 Participants n=21 Participants	32 Participants n=8 Participants	39 Participants n=8 Participants	42 Participants n=24 Participants	173 Participants n=42 Participants	477 Participants n=42 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized Race · White or Caucasian	10750 Participants n=5 Participants	10779 Participants n=7 Participants	10754 Participants n=5 Participants	10793 Participants n=4 Participants	10580 Participants n=21 Participants	10805 Participants n=8 Participants	10718 Participants n=8 Participants	10729 Participants n=24 Participants	42682 Participants n=42 Participants	128590 Participants n=42 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized Race · Other	2717 Participants n=5 Participants	2661 Participants n=7 Participants	2693 Participants n=5 Participants	2683 Participants n=4 Participants	2771 Participants n=21 Participants	2697 Participants n=8 Participants	2693 Participants n=8 Participants	2705 Participants n=24 Participants	10797 Participants n=42 Participants	32417 Participants n=42 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized Race · Multiracial	565 Participants n=5 Participants	532 Participants n=7 Participants	552 Participants n=5 Participants	603 Participants n=4 Participants	620 Participants n=21 Participants	572 Participants n=8 Participants	544 Participants n=8 Participants	637 Participants n=24 Participants	2246 Participants n=42 Participants	6871 Participants n=42 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized Race · Unknown	2988 Participants n=5 Participants	2975 Participants n=7 Participants	2986 Participants n=5 Participants	2946 Participants n=4 Participants	3060 Participants n=21 Participants	2974 Participants n=8 Participants	3064 Participants n=8 Participants	3008 Participants n=24 Participants	11817 Participants n=42 Participants	35818 Participants n=42 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized Race · Missing	9 Participants n=5 Participants	16 Participants n=7 Participants	14 Participants n=5 Participants	12 Participants n=4 Participants	17 Participants n=21 Participants	19 Participants n=8 Participants	14 Participants n=8 Participants	10 Participants n=24 Participants	65 Participants n=42 Participants	176 Participants n=42 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 6 months

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure	Text Message R/R With Direct Appointment Schedule Link n=19975 Participants Participants in this arm will receive up to 3 R/R messages by text. R/R message will be sent with a Direct Appointment Scheduling link and instructions to make a flu vaccine appointment. Text Message R/R with Direct Appointment Schedule Link: Participants in this arm will receive up to 3 R/R messages by text reminding them to get a flu vaccine with a Direct Appointment Scheduling link and instructions to make a flu vaccine appointment.	Text Message R/R Without Direct Appointment Schedule Link n=19938 Participants Participants in this arm will receive up to 3 R/R messages by text with no link to schedule an appointment. Text Message R/R without Direct Appointment Schedule Link: Participants in this arm will receive up to 3 R/R messages by text reminding them to get a flu vaccine without a Direct Appointment Scheduling link and instructions to make a flu vaccine appointment.	Text Message R/R With Direct Appointment Schedule Link + Text Pre-Appointment Reminder n=19991 Participants Participants in this arm will receive up to 3 R/R messages by text. R/R message will be sent with a Direct Appointment Scheduling link and instructions to make a flu vaccine appointment. Participants will receive a Pre-Appointment Reminder via text when they schedule a visit during the study period. Text Message R/R with Direct Appointment Schedule Link: Participants in this arm will receive up to 3 R/R messages by text reminding them to get a flu vaccine with a Direct Appointment Scheduling link and instructions to make a flu vaccine appointment. Text Pre-Appointment Reminder: Participants will receive a Pre-Appointment Reminder via text when they schedule a visit during the study period advising them to get the flu vaccine at their upcoming appointment.	Text Message R/R Without Direct Appointment Schedule Link + Text Pre-Appointment Reminder n=19950 Participants Participants in this arm will receive up to 3 R/R messages by text. R/R message will be sent without a Direct Appointment Scheduling link and instructions to make a flu vaccine appointment. Participants will receive a Pre-Appointment Reminder via text when they schedule a visit during the study period. Text Message R/R without Direct Appointment Schedule Link: Participants in this arm will receive up to 3 R/R messages by text reminding them to get a flu vaccine without a Direct Appointment Scheduling link and instructions to make a flu vaccine appointment. Text Pre-Appointment Reminder: Participants will receive a Pre-Appointment Reminder via text when they schedule a visit during the study period advising them to get the flu vaccine at their upcoming appointment.	Portal Message R/R With Direct Appointment Schedule Link n=20047 Participants Participants in this arm will receive up to 3 R/R messages by portal. R/R message will be sent with a Direct Appointment Scheduling link and instructions to make a flu vaccine appointment. Portal Message R/R with Direct Appointment Schedule Link: Participants in this arm will receive up to 3 R/R messages by portal. R/R message will be sent with a Direct Appointment Scheduling link and instructions to make a flu vaccine appointment.	Portal Message R/R Without Direct Appointment Schedule Link n=20008 Participants Participants in this arm will receive up to 3 R/R messages by portal. R/R message will be sent without a Direct Appointment Scheduling link and instructions to make a flu vaccine appointment. Portal Message R/R without Direct Appointment Schedule Link: Participants in this arm will receive up to 3 R/R messages by portal. R/R message will be sent without a Direct Appointment Scheduling link and instructions to make a flu vaccine appointment.	Portal Message R/R With Direct Appointment Schedule Link + Portal Pre-Appointment Reminder n=20061 Participants Participants in this arm will receive up to 3 R/R messages by portal. R/R message will be sent with a Direct Appointment Scheduling link and instructions to make a flu vaccine appointment. Participants will receive a Pre-Appointment Reminder advising them to ask their doctor for the flu vaccine at their upcoming appointment via portal when they schedule a visit during the study period. Portal Message R/R with Direct Appointment Schedule Link: Participants in this arm will receive up to 3 R/R messages by portal. R/R message will be sent with a Direct Appointment Scheduling link and instructions to make a flu vaccine appointment. Portal Pre-Appointment Reminder: Participants will receive a Pre-Appointment Reminder via the portal advising them to ask their doctor for the flu vaccine at their upcoming appointment via text when they schedule a visit during the study period.	Portal Message R/R Without Direct Appointment Schedule Link + Portal Pre-Appointment Reminder n=20027 Participants Participants in this arm will receive up to 3 R/R messages by portal. R/R message will be sent without a Direct Appointment Scheduling link and instructions to make a flu vaccine appointment. Participants will receive a Pre-Appointment Reminder advising them to ask their doctor for the flu vaccine at their upcoming appointment via portal when they schedule a visit during the study period. Portal Message R/R without Direct Appointment Schedule Link: Participants in this arm will receive up to 3 R/R messages by portal. R/R message will be sent without a Direct Appointment Scheduling link and instructions to make a flu vaccine appointment. Portal Pre-Appointment Reminder: Participants will receive a Pre-Appointment Reminder via the portal advising them to ask their doctor for the flu vaccine at their upcoming appointment via text when they schedule a visit during the study period.	No R/R Message or Pre-Appointment Reminder n=79570 Participants Participants do not receive any flu vaccine R/R message or Pre-Appointment Reminder advising them to ask their doctor for the flu vaccine at their upcoming appointment during the specified flu season.
Receipt of the Annual Influenza Vaccine Among Adult and Pediatric Index Patients	8360 Participants	8495 Participants	8564 Participants	8377 Participants	8055 Participants	7928 Participants	8035 Participants	8075 Participants	32537 Participants

OTHER_PRE_SPECIFIED outcome

Timeframe: 6 months - Unable to analyze data due to contaminated study arms

Percent of patients with annual influenza vaccination (between 10/1/21 - 4/1/22) among pediatric index patients. Outcomes will be assessed via vaccine data extraction from the electronic health record and external claims and pharmacy data. The index patients must also be an active UCLA Health MyChart user (\>= 1 login over the last 12 months from 8/1/21, excluding activity on the user's initial profile activation date). Individuals not affiliated with any primary care practice will be excluded from the primary analysis.